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[LeetCode]Populating Next Right Pointers in Each Node

2015-11-07 13:32 585 查看
题目链接:Populating Next Right Pointers in Each Node

题目内容:

Given a binary tree
struct TreeLinkNode {
TreeLinkNode *left;
TreeLinkNode *right;
TreeLinkNode *next;
}


Populate each next pointer to point to its next right node. If there is no next right node, the next pointer should be set to 
NULL
.

Initially, all next pointers are set to 
NULL
.

Note:
You may only use constant extra space.
You may assume that it is a perfect binary tree (ie, all leaves are at the same level, and every parent has two children).

For example,

Given the following perfect binary tree,

1
/  \
2    3
/ \  / \
4  5  6  7


After calling your function, the tree should look like:

1 -> NULL
/  \
2 -> 3 -> NULL
/ \  / \
4->5->6->7 -> NULL


题目解法:

这道题本来只是一道简单的计层BFS题目,但是有一个对于常数额外空间复杂度的要求,因此不能使用传统的队列BFS,可以只定义一个变量cur,根据树的性质来完成BFS,具体方法如下:

首先初始化cur为root,cur的每次动作是从左到右的,通过cur = cur->next实现;当cur->next==NULL时,让cur沿着root的左子树往下走,也就是root = root->left; cur = root;当我们设置next时,实际上我们是设置的下一层的next,因此当访问当前层的next时,已经被设置过。

下面举个例子,如上面一棵完全二叉树,假设现在cur=2,在第一层我们已经设置了2的next为3,因此在本层通过cur->left->next=cur->right设置4->5,因为cur->next!=NULL,因此我们设置cur->right->next=cur->next->left,也就是2的右子树5指向3的左子树6,然后cur=3,继续操作。

代码如下:

/**
* Definition for binary tree with next pointer.
* struct TreeLinkNode {
* int val;
* TreeLinkNode *left, *right, *next;
* TreeLinkNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL), next(NULL) {}
* };
*/
class Solution {
public:
void connect(TreeLinkNode *root) {
if(root == NULL) return;
TreeLinkNode *cur;
while(root->left != NULL){
cur = root;
while(cur != NULL){
cur->left->next = cur->right;
if(cur->next != NULL)
cur->right->next = cur->next->left;
cur = cur->next;
}
root = root->left;
}
}
};
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标签:  LeetCode BFS 算法 C++