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Spring Security教程(13)---- 验证码功能的实现

2015-10-27 14:49 543 查看
有三中方法可以实现验证码的功能

第一种是自定义一个filter,放在SpringSecurity过滤器之前,在用户登录的时候会先经过这个filter,然后在这个filter中实现对验证码进行验证的功能,这种方法不推荐,因为它已经脱离了SpringSecurity

第二种是自定义一个filter让它继承自UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter,然后重写attemptAuthentication方法在这个方法中实现验证码的功能,如果验证码错误就抛出一个继承自AuthenticationException的验证吗错误的异常比如(CaptchaException),然后这个异常就会被SpringSecurity捕获到并将异常信息返回到前台,这种实现起来比较简单

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@Override

public Authentication attemptAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request,

HttpServletResponse response) throws AuthenticationException {

String requestCaptcha = request.getParameter(this.getCaptchaFieldName());

String genCaptcha = (String)request.getSession().getAttribute("code");

logger.info("开始校验验证码,生成的验证码为:"+genCaptcha+" ,输入的验证码为:"+requestCaptcha);

if( !genCaptcha.equals(requestCaptcha)){

throw new CaptchaException(

this.messageSource.getMessage("AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider.badCaptcha",null,"Default",null));

}

return super.attemptAuthentication(request, response);

}

然后在配置文件中配置下

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<bean id="loginFilter" class="com.zrhis.system.security.DefaultUsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter">

<property name="authenticationManager" ref="authenticationManager"></property>

<property name="authenticationSuccessHandler">

<bean class="org.springframework.security.web.authentication.SavedRequestAwareAuthenticationSuccessHandler">

<property name="defaultTargetUrl" value="/index.jsp"></property>

</bean>

</property>

<property name="authenticationFailureHandler">

<bean class="org.springframework.security.web.authentication.SimpleUrlAuthenticationFailureHandler">

<property name="defaultFailureUrl" value="/login.jsp"></property>

</bean>

</property>

</bean>

最后在http中加入custom-filter配置,将这个filter放在SpringSecurity的FORM_LOGIN_FILTER之前

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<custom-filter ref="loginFilter" before="FORM_LOGIN_FILTER"/>

最后一种是直接替换掉SpringSecurity的UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter,这种比较复杂,但是更为合理,也是我现在正在用的。

如果用这种方法那么http 中的auto-config就必须去掉,而form-login配置也必须去掉,因为这个不需要了,里面的属性都需要我们自行注入。

首先需要创建一个EntryPoint

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<bean id="authenticationEntryPoint" class="org.springframework.security.web.authentication.LoginUrlAuthenticationEntryPoint">

<property name="loginFormUrl" value="/login.jsp" />

</bean>

然后在http中配置下

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<sec:http access-decision-manager-ref="accessDecisionManager"

entry-point-ref="authenticationEntryPoint">

然后我们来写CaptchaAuthenticationFilter,同样需要继承自UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter

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public class CaptchaAuthenticationFilter extends UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter{

public static final String SPRING_SECURITY_FORM_CAPTCHA_KEY = "j_captcha";

public static final String SESSION_GENERATED_CAPTCHA_KEY = Constant.SESSION_GENERATED_CAPTCHA_KEY;

private String captchaParameter = SPRING_SECURITY_FORM_CAPTCHA_KEY;

public Authentication attemptAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request,

HttpServletResponse response) throws AuthenticationException {

String genCode = this.obtainGeneratedCaptcha(request);

String inputCode = this.obtainCaptcha(request);

if(genCode == null)

throw new CaptchaException(this.messages.getMessage("LoginAuthentication.captchaInvalid"));

if(!genCode.equalsIgnoreCase(inputCode)){

throw new CaptchaException(this.messages.getMessage("LoginAuthentication.captchaNotEquals"));

}

return super.attemptAuthentication(request, response);

}

protected String obtainCaptcha(HttpServletRequest request){

return request.getParameter(this.captchaParameter);

}

protected String obtainGeneratedCaptcha (HttpServletRequest request){

return (String)request.getSession().getAttribute(SESSION_GENERATED_CAPTCHA_KEY);

}

}

在配置文件中配置CaptchaAuthenticationFilter

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<bean id="captchaAuthenticaionFilter" class="com.zrhis.system.security.CaptchaAuthenticationFilter">

<property name="authenticationManager" ref="authenticationManager" />

<property name="authenticationFailureHandler" ref="authenticationFailureHandler" />

<property name="authenticationSuccessHandler" ref="authenticationSuccessHandler" />

<property name="filterProcessesUrl" value="/login.do" />

</bean>

<bean id="authenticationSuccessHandler" class="com.zrhis.system.security.SimpleLoginSuccessHandler">

<property name="defaultTargetUrl" value="/WEB-INF/app.jsp"></property>

<property name="forwardToDestination" value="true"></property>

</bean>

<bean id="authenticationFailureHandler" class="org.springframework.security.web.authentication.SimpleUrlAuthenticationFailureHandler">

<property name="defaultFailureUrl" value="/login.jsp" />

</bean>

从配置文件中就可以看出来authenticationManager、authenticationFailureHandler、authenticationSuccessHandler、filterProcessesUrl等都需要我们自行注入了。

filterProcessesUrl定义的是登录验证的地址,默认的是j_spring_security_check这里我们改成login.do

authenticationSuccessHandler中的defaultTargetUrl定义的是登录成功后跳转到的页面

authenticationFailureHandler中的defaultTargetUrl定义的是登录失败后跳转到的页面

我们的首页app.jsp在/WEB-INF下所以需要使用服务器跳转,所以需要将forwardToDestination设为true,因为客户端跳转是不能直接访问WEB-INF下的内容的。

最后在http中将FORM_LOGIN_FILTER替换掉,最终http中完整的配置就变成了下面的内容

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<sec:http access-decision-manager-ref="accessDecisionManager"

entry-point-ref="authenticationEntryPoint">

<sec:access-denied-handler ref="accessDeniedHandler"/>

<sec:session-management invalid-session-url="/login.jsp" />

<sec:custom-filter ref="filterSecurityInterceptor" before="FILTER_SECURITY_INTERCEPTOR"/>

<sec:custom-filter ref="captchaAuthenticaionFilter" position="FORM_LOGIN_FILTER"/>

</sec:http>

custom-filter中before是在这个filter之前,after是之后,position是替换。

这样就可以实现对验证码的验证了,效果如下

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