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Android属性动画-Property Animation(二) 使用ObjectAnimator完成动画

2015-10-14 12:07 633 查看
上一篇文章中我们分析了属性动画的工作原理，这篇文章开始介绍属性动画的实现，就不会再去分析原理，如果对原理不清楚的朋友可以看一下 Android属性动画-Property
Animation(一) 原理分析

使用属性动画时我们通常使用Animator的两个子类，ValueAnimator和ObjectAnimator。这两个子类如何选择呢？在大多数情况下我们会使用ObjectAnimator,它比较轻量级，使用非常简单，但是它也有一些局限性，就是必须要实现属性的getter和setter方法，因为使用ValueAnimator的时候我们必须实现ValueAnimator.AnimatorUpdateListener接口，并且在onAnimationUpdate()里面手动更新属性值，而ObjectAnimator不用，那么他就必须要通过setter方法自动给属性赋值，getter方法自动获得属性的值。

因为ObjectAnimator使用的比较多，使用起来又比较简单，我们就先来分析一下ObjectAnimator怎么使用吧

其实ObjectAnimator是ValueAnimator的一个子类，既然google这样设计，那么它肯定进行了某方面的优化，我们上面已经提到了，使用ObjectAnimator不用再去实现ValueAnimator.AnimatorUpdateListener接口了，因为他会自动去更新属性值。

我们先来看一个简单的例子：



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/** * 作者： 阿拉灯神灯 * 主页：http://blog.csdn.net/nugongahou110 * 日期：2015.07.02 */public class MainActivity extends Activity {	private Button mButton;
@Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        mButton=(Button) findViewById(R.id.start_my_anim);        mButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {						@Override			public void onClick(View v) {				//新建一个ObjectAnimator实例，使用它的静态方法ofFloat				//第一个参数是要执行动画的对象				//第二个参数是要改变属性的名称				//第三个参数是属性的初始值，第四个参数是属性的结束值				ObjectAnimator anim = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(mButton, "scaleY", 1.0f,3.0f);//				ObjectAnimator anim = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(mButton, "scaleY", 3.0f);//				ObjectAnimator anim = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(mButton, "scaley", 3.0f);								//设置一个TimeInterpolator为弹球效果				anim.setInterpolator(new BounceInterpolator());				//设置动画持续时间				anim.setDuration(2000);				//开始动画				anim.start();			}		});    }}



来自CODE的代码片
MainActivity.java


我们看上面代码中的“scaleY”,这是怎么来的呢？不是说ObjectAnimator需要给属性设置setter/getter方法吗？我们也没设置啊，怎么也可以执行？

带着这些疑问我们一步一步去分析一下，首先执行动画的是一个Button，Button是继承自TextView的，TextView是继承自View的。我们到View中去看一看。

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public void setScaleX(float scaleX) {        ensureTransformationInfo();        final TransformationInfo info = mTransformationInfo;        if (info.mScaleX != scaleX) {            invalidateViewProperty(true, false);            info.mScaleX = scaleX;            info.mMatrixDirty = true;            invalidateViewProperty(false, true);            if (mDisplayList != null) {                mDisplayList.setScaleX(scaleX);            }            if ((mPrivateFlags2 & PFLAG2_VIEW_QUICK_REJECTED) == PFLAG2_VIEW_QUICK_REJECTED) {                // View was rejected last time it was drawn by its parent; this may have changed                invalidateParentIfNeeded();            }        }    }    public float getScaleX() {        return mTransformationInfo != null ? mTransformationInfo.mScaleX : 1;    }



来自CODE的代码片
View.java


果然，在View中已经写好了scaleY的setter和getter方法，不用我们自己去写了。除此之外，View中还已经写好了setAlpha()、setX()、setScaleX()、setTranslationX()等setter方法和对应的getter方法，我们可以拿来就用，其实这些不就是View Animation中的淡入淡出，平移，放大缩小等动画吗！

Note：如果将第24行注释掉，执行第25行。我们发现后面只有一个参数3.0f，属性的初始值没有了，照样可以执行！ObjectAnimator可以自动调用getter方法，获得当前属性的值，这就是为什么一定要有getter方法！如果将24、25行都注释掉，执行第26行，那就该报错了，因为View中没有一个"scaley"这个属性，只有"scaleY"。大小写非常重要！具体命名规则见下例

但是作为属性动画，号称是可以改变任意一个属性的，那么我们就来自定义一个属性，看看属性动画的威力！

首先我们自定义一个布局，它继承自View，目的就是画出一个数字在屏幕上

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public class TempView extends View{	//新建一个画笔	private Paint paint = new Paint();	//这个就是在屏幕上显示的数字	private int mCurnum=0;

public TempView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {		super(context, attrs, defStyle);	}

public TempView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {		super(context, attrs);	}

public TempView(Context context) {		super(context);	}	//setter方法，这个方法必须要有，而且命名规则不能错！	//我们在启动动画的时候，传进去了一个字符串表示要计算的属性	//ObjectAnimator anim = ObjectAnimator.ofInt(mView,"curnum",100);	//就是"curnum"！ 那么根据命名规则，我们就要写一个setCurnum()方法,系统会自动找到这个setter方法	//如果我们传入的字符串为"aladengshendeng"，那么我们就要写一个setAladengshendeng()方法	//明白了吧，只要将首字母大写后的字符串加在set的后面，这个setter方法的命名才是正确的！！	public void setCurnum(int currnum){		mCurnum=currnum;		//这个invalidate方法一定要有！！它会重新调用onDraw()方法。这个是通知系统我的属性已经改变！你要将我重画！		invalidate();	}	//getter方法，这个方法必须要有，命名规则同setter方法	public float getCurnum(){		return mCurnum;	}	@Override	protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {//		super.onDraw(canvas);		paint.setStrokeWidth(8);		paint.setTextSize(100);		canvas.drawText(String.valueOf(mCurnum),100, 100, paint);	}}



来自CODE的代码片
TempView.java


布局文件

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<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent" >

<com.example.objectanimationdemo1.TempView        android:id="@+id/mView"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"         />

<Button        android:id="@+id/bt_start_animation"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"        android:text="start!" />

</RelativeLayout>



来自CODE的代码片
main_activity.xml


最后是MainActivity

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public class MainActivity extends Activity {	private TempView mView;	private Button startAnimation;

@Override	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);		mView=(TempView) findViewById(R.id.mView);		startAnimation=(Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_start_animation);		startAnimation.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

@Override			public void onClick(View v) {				//新建一个ObjectAnimator实例，调用静态方法ofInt()				//第一个参数是要执行动画的对象，即我们自定义的TempView				//第二个参数是我们想要改变的属性名，TempView中要有相应的setter/getter方法				//第三个参数是我们给定curnum的结束值，至于为什么没有开始值，以及需不需要有开始值，请参看上面的例子				ObjectAnimator anim = ObjectAnimator.ofInt(mView,"curnum",100);				//设置动画的持续时间				anim.setDuration(5000);				//设置一个TimeInterpolator为减速				anim.setInterpolator(new DecelerateInterpolator());				//开始动画				anim.start();			}		});

}}



来自CODE的代码片
MainActivity.java


最后的效果：



怎么样，属性动画很厉害吧。这可是View Animation做不了的！

ObjectAnimator我们就分析完了，下一篇我们来分析ValueAnimator Android属性动画-Property
Animation(三) 使用ValueAnimator完成动画



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