WCF服务端与使用HttpClient的Android客户端简单示例

WCF服务端

Contract

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.ServiceModel.Web;
using System.Text;
using System.Web;

namespace Contract
{
/// <summary>
/// 服务接口
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// WebInvoke - 指示服务操作在逻辑上就是调用操作，而且可由Web编程模型调用
/// WebGet - 指示服务操作在逻辑上就是检索操作，而且可由Web编程模型调用
/// UriTemplate - 用于服务操作的统一资源标识符（URI）模版。URI模版可以将一个URI或一组URI映射到服务操作
/// Method - 与操作关联的写作方法，默认为 POST
/// ResponseFormat - 指定从服务操作发出的响应的格式。Xml或Json
/// BodyStyle - 指定body里面的封装
/// </remarks>
[ServiceContract]
public interface IWcfService
{
/// <summary>
/// GET - 无参数 - 返回值为字符串数组
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
[OperationContract]
[WebGet(
ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
List<string> GetStudentNames();

/// <summary>
/// GET - 无参数 - 返回值为自定义类型的数组
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
[OperationContract]
[WebGet(
ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
List<Student> GetStudents();

/// <summary>
/// GET - 一个参数 - 返回值为int
/// </summary>
/// <param name="name"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[OperationContract]
[WebGet(
UriTemplate = "GetStudentAge/{name}",
//UriTemplate = "GetStudentAge?name={name}",    //默认形式
ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
int GetStudentAge(string name);

/// <summary>
/// GET - 多个参数 - 返回值为自定义格式
/// </summary>
/// <param name="name"></param>
/// <param name="birth"></param>
/// <param name="age"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[OperationContract]
[WebGet(
UriTemplate = "CreateStudent/{name}/{birth}/{age}", //UriTemplate中只允许字符串类型的变量
//UriTemplate = "CreateStudent?name={name}&birth={birth}&age={age}",    //默认形式
ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
Student CreateStudent(string name, string birth, string age);

/// <summary>
/// POST - 一个参数 - 返回值为bool
/// </summary>
/// <param name="name"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[OperationContract]
[WebInvoke(
UriTemplate = "DeleteStudent",
Method = "POST",
BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.WrappedRequest,
RequestFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json,
ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
bool DeleteStudent(string name);

/// <summary>
/// POST - 多个参数 - 返回值为自定义格式
/// </summary>
/// <param name="name"></param>
/// <param name="birth"></param>
/// <param name="age"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[OperationContract]
[WebInvoke(
UriTemplate = "AddStudent",
Method = "POST",
BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.WrappedRequest,
RequestFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json,
ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
Student AddStudent(string name, string birth, int age);

/// <summary>
/// POST - 自定义格式参数 - 返回值为string
/// </summary>
/// <param name="student"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[OperationContract]
[WebInvoke(
UriTemplate = "UpdateStudent",
Method = "POST",
BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.WrappedRequest,
RequestFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json,
ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
string UpdateStudent(Student student);
}

[DataContract]
public class Student
{
private string name;
[DataMember(Order = 0, Name = "name")]
public string Name
{
get { return name; }
set
{
name = HttpUtility.UrlDecode(value, Encoding.UTF8);
}
}

private string birth;
[DataMember(Order = 1, Name = "birth")]
public string Birth
{
get { return birth; }
set { this.birth = value; }
}

private int age;
[DataMember(Order = 1, Name = "age")]
public int Age
{
get { return age; }
set { this.age = value; }
}
}
}

Service

using Contract;
using Newtonsoft.Json.Linq;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Web;

namespace Service
{
public class WcfService : IWcfService
{
public List<string> GetStudentNames()
{
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("GetStudentNames()");

List<string> results = new List<string>();
results.Add("zhangsan");
results.Add("李四");
results.Add("wangwu");
return results;
}

public List<Student> GetStudents()
{
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("GetStudents()");

List<Student> results = new List<Student>();
results.Add(new Student() { Name = "zhangsan", Birth = "1955-5-48", Age = 56 });
results.Add(new Student() { Name = "李四", Birth = "1965-6-48", Age = 46 });
return results;
}

public int GetStudentAge(string name)
{
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("GetStudentAge(name)");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("name = " + name);

return 22;
}

public Student CreateStudent(string name, string birth, string age)
{
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("CreateStudent(name,birth,age)");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("name = " + name + ", birth = " + birth + ", age = " + age);

return new Student()
{
Name = name,
Birth = birth,
Age = Convert.ToInt32(age)
};
}

public bool DeleteStudent(string name)
{
name = HttpUtility.UrlDecode(name, Encoding.UTF8);
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("DeleteStudent(name)");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("name = " + name);

return true;
}

public Student AddStudent(string name, string birth, int age)
{
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("AddStudent(name,birth,age)");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("name = " + name + ", birth = " + birth + ", age = " + age);

return new Student()
{
Name = name,
Birth = birth,
Age = age
};
}

public string UpdateStudent(Student student)
{
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("UpdateStudent(student)");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("name = " + student.Name + " , birth = " + student.Birth);

return student.Name;
}
}
}

Hosting

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
<startup>
<supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.0"/>
</startup>
<system.serviceModel>
<serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true"/>
<behaviors>
<endpointBehaviors>
<behavior name="webHttpBehavior">
<webHttp helpEnabled="true"/>
</behavior>
</endpointBehaviors>
<serviceBehaviors>
<behavior name="webHttpBehavior">
<serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" httpGetUrl="metadata"/>
<serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true"/>
<dataContractSerializer maxItemsInObjectGraph="2147483647"/>
</behavior>
</serviceBehaviors>
</behaviors>
<bindings>
<webHttpBinding>
<binding name="webHttpBinding" maxBufferSize="2147483647" maxBufferPoolSize="2147483647" maxReceivedMessageSize="2147483647">
<readerQuotas maxDepth="2147483647" maxStringContentLength="2147483647" maxArrayLength="2147483647" maxBytesPerRead="2147483647" maxNameTableCharCount="2147483647"/>
</binding>
</webHttpBinding>
</bindings>
<services>
<service behaviorConfiguration="webHttpBehavior" name="Service.WcfService">
<endpoint address="/" behaviorConfiguration="webHttpBehavior"
binding="webHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="webHttpBinding"
name="WcfService" contract="Contract.IWcfService" />
<host>
<baseAddresses>
<add baseAddress="http://localhost:8888/service" />
</baseAddresses>
</host>
</service>
</services>
</system.serviceModel>
<system.webServer>
<modules runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests="true"/>
</system.webServer>
<!--保存具体的错误信息到svclog文件中-->
<system.diagnostics>
<sources>
<source name="System.ServiceModel" switchValue="Warning" propagateActivity="true">
<listeners>
<add name="xml" />
</listeners>
</source>
</sources>
<sharedListeners>
<add name="xml" type="System.Diagnostics.XmlWriterTraceListener" initializeData="F:\wcf.svclog" />
</sharedListeners>
</system.diagnostics>
</configuration>

using System;
using System.ServiceModel;

namespace Hosting
{
class Program
{
/// <summary>
/// 采用自托管的方式发布服务
/// </summary>
/// <param name="args"></param>
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("---------------------------------------------------------------");

ServiceHost host = null;
try
{
host = new ServiceHost(typeof(Service.WcfService));

host.Opened += host_Opened;

host.Open();

//公共服务地址
foreach (var endPoint in host.Description.Endpoints)
{
Console.WriteLine(endPoint.Address.ToString());
}

Console.WriteLine("按任意键终止服务！");
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
finally
{
Console.Read();

if (host != null)
{
host.Close();
host = null;
}
}
}

static void host_Opened(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Console.WriteLine("Service已经启动");
}
}
}

Android客户端

HttpClientThread.java

import android.os.Handler;
import android.widget.TextView;

import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.params.HttpClientParams;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.params.BasicHttpParams;
import org.apache.http.params.HttpConnectionParams;
import org.apache.http.params.HttpParams;
import org.apache.http.params.HttpProtocolParams;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.json.JSONArray;
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import org.json.JSONStringer;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

public class HttpClientThread extends Thread {

private Handler handler;
private TextView textView;

private HttpParams httpParams;
private HttpClient httpClient;

public HttpClientThread(Handler handler, TextView textView) {
this.handler = handler;
this.textView = textView;

this.httpClient = getHttpClient();
}

@Override
public void run() {
String result = "";

String url = "http://192.168.0.192:8888/service/";

//GET，无参数，返回值为字符串数组
//        result = doHttpClientGet(url + "GetStudentNames");
//        try {
//            JSONArray array = new JSONArray(result);
//            result = "";
//            for (int i=0; i<array.length(); i++) {
//                String str = array.getString(i);
//                result += str + "\n";
//            }
//        } catch (JSONException e) {
//            e.printStackTrace();
//        }

//GET，无参数，返回值为自定义类型的数组
//        result = doHttpClientGet(url + "GetStudents");
//        result = parseStudentArray(result);

//GET，一个参数，返回值为整型
//        result = doHttpClientGet(url + "GetStudentAge/张三");
//        result = doHttpClientGet(url + "GetStudentAge?name=张三");//根据服务端的UriTemplate确定

//GET，多个参数，返回值为自定义格式
//        result = doHttpClientGet(url + "CreateStudent/张三/1982-12-13/23");
//        result = parseStudent(result);

//POST，一个参数，返回值为布尔值
//        JSONStringer jsonStringer = null;
//        try {
//            jsonStringer = new JSONStringer()
//                    .object()
//                    .key("name").value(URLEncoder.encode("张三", "utf-8"))
//                    .endObject();
//            result = doHttpClientPost(url + "DeleteStudent", jsonStringer);
//        } catch (JSONException e) {
//            e.printStackTrace();
//        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
//            e.printStackTrace();
//        }

//POST，多个参数，返回值为自定义类型
//        try {
//            JSONStringer jsonStringer = new JSONStringer()
//                    .object()
//                    .key("name").value("zhangsan")
//                    .key("birth").value("1923-12-34")
//                    .key("age").value(89)
//                    .endObject();
//            result = doHttpClientPost(url + "AddStudent", jsonStringer);
//            result = parseStudent(result);
//        } catch (JSONException e) {
//            e.printStackTrace();
//        }

//POST，自定义格式参数，返回值为字符串类型
try {
JSONStringer jsonStringer = new JSONStringer()
.object()
.key("student")
.object()
.key("name").value("lisi")
.key("birth").value("2010-4-30")
.endObject()
.endObject();
result = doHttpClientPost(url + "UpdateStudent", jsonStringer);
} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}

//显示结果
final String finalResult = result;
handler.post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
textView.setText(finalResult);
}
});
}

private String doHttpClientPost(String url, JSONStringer jsonStringer) {
//        HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
httpPost.setHeader("Accept", "application/json");
httpPost.setHeader("Content-type", "application/json");

try {
if (jsonStringer != null) {
httpPost.setEntity(new StringEntity(jsonStringer.toString()));
}

HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
String result = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity());
return result;
}
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "";
}

private String doHttpClientGet(String url) {
//        HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
try {
HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
String result = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity());
return result;
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "";
}

private HttpClient getHttpClient() {
httpParams = new BasicHttpParams(); //可不配置

//设置连接超时、Socket超时、Socket缓存大小
HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(httpParams, 20*1000);
HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(httpParams, 20 * 1000);
HttpConnectionParams.setSocketBufferSize(httpParams, 8192);

//设置重定向，缺省为true
HttpClientParams.setRedirecting(httpParams, true);

//设置用户代理
String userAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN; rv:1.9.2) Gecko/20100115 Firefox/3.6";
HttpProtocolParams.setUserAgent(httpParams, userAgent);

httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient(httpParams);
return httpClient;
}

/**
* 解析json字符串为json对象，将json对象转化为student
* @param json
* @return
*/
private String parseStudent(String json) {
String result = "";
try {
JSONObject object = new JSONObject(json);
Student student = new Student();
student.setName(object.getString("name"));
student.setBirth(object.getString("birth"));
student.setAge(object.getInt("age"));
result = student.toString();
} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}

/**
* 解析json字符串为json数组，将json对象转化为Student
* @param json
* @return
*/
private String parseStudentArray(String json) {
String result = "";
try {
JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray(json);
for (int i=0; i<jsonArray.length(); i++) {
JSONObject object = jsonArray.getJSONObject(i);
Student student = new Student();
student.setName(object.getString("name"));
student.setBirth(object.getString("birth"));
student.setAge(object.getInt("age"));
result += student.toString() + "\n";
}
} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}

public class Student {
private String name;
private String birth;
private int age;

public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}

public String getBirth() {
return birth;
}
public void setBirth(String birth) {
this.birth = birth;
}

public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}

@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student [name=" + name + ", birth=" + birth + ", age=" + age + "]";
}
}
}

MainActivity.java

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

private Handler handler = new Handler();

private TextView textView;

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text);

new HttpClientThread(handler, textView).start();
}
}

AndroidManifest.xml

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>