把《Effective C++》读薄

1

view c++ as a federation of languages

应该看作C、STL、Templete、面对对象四个部分

prefer consts,enum,inline to #define

use const whenever possible

make sure the objects are initialized before they are used;

//这些都是初始化
int x=0;
const char* a="abcde";
double d;
cin>>d;
Shit(string name,string address):name(name),address(address){}
//Shit(stirng name,string address){this.name=name,this.address=address;}会先赋初值

2 Constructor,Destruction,and Assignment Operators

know what function C++ silently write and calls

Explicitly disallow the use of complier-generated functions you do not want

Declare destructors virtual in polymophic base classe

Prevent exception from leaving destructors

Never call virtual function during construction or destruction

Have assignment operator return a reference to *this

Handle assignment to self in operator =

3 Resource Management

use object to manage resources

think carefully about copying behavior in resources manage classed

provide access to raw resources on resource-managing classedd

use the same form in corresponding use of new and delete

store new objects in smart pointers in standalone statements

4 Design and Declarations

make interfaces easy to use correctly and hard to use incorrectly

treat class design as type design

prefer pass-by-reference-to-const to pass-by-value

don’t try to return a reference when you must return an object

declare date member private

prefer non-member non-friend functions to member functions

declare non-member functions when type conversions should apply to all parameters

consider support for a non-throwing swap