iOS - 邮件 短信 通讯录

本篇博客讲解了在iOS开发过程中如何使用系统邮件 短信 通讯录,解释不够全面的地方希望能及时的给与指正,博主会及时更新纠正.

1.邮件

1)引入MessageUI.framework框架



2)引头文件

#import <MessageUI/MessageUI.h>

3)签个协议

@interface SendEmailViewController ()<MFMailComposeViewControllerDelegate>

@end

4)ViewDidLoad方法(主要是加个button点击实现添加邮件功能)

- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
UIButton *button = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];

button.backgroundColor = [UIColor cyanColor];
button.frame = CGRectMake(120, 200, 100, 30);
[button setTitle: @"邮件" forState: UIControlStateNormal];
[button addTarget: self action: @selector(sendEMail) forControlEvents: UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
[self.view addSubview: button];
// Do any additional setup after loading the view.
}

5)点击按钮触发添加邮件的方法

/**
*  点击邮件按钮
*/
-(void)sendEMail
{
Class mailClass = (NSClassFromString(@"MFMailComposeViewController"));

if (mailClass != nil)
{
if ([mailClass canSendMail])
{
/**
*  发送邮件
*/
[self displayComposerSheet];
}
else
{
/**
*  登录app
*/
[self launchMailAppOnDevice];
}
}
else
{
[self launchMailAppOnDevice];
}
}

6)编辑邮件发送邮件

#pragma mark - 发送邮件
-(void)displayComposerSheet
{
/**
*  显示发邮件界面
*/
MFMailComposeViewController *mailPicker = [[MFMailComposeViewController alloc] init];

mailPicker.mailComposeDelegate = self;
/**
*  主题
*/
[mailPicker setSubject: @"EMail主题"];
/**
*  收件人
*/
NSArray *toRecipients = [NSArray arrayWithObject: @"2949269698@qq.com"];
/**
*  抄送
*/
NSArray *ccRecipients = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"second@example.com", @"third@example.com", nil];
[mailPicker setToRecipients: toRecipients];
[mailPicker setCcRecipients: ccRecipients];

/**
*  添加附件(图片为例)
*/
UIImage *addPic = [UIImage imageNamed: @"1.png"];
NSData *imageData = UIImagePNGRepresentation(addPic);            // png或者jpg
[mailPicker addAttachmentData: imageData mimeType: @"image/png" fileName: @"1.png"];

/**
*  添加正文
*/
NSString *emailBody = @"添加正文";
[mailPicker setMessageBody:emailBody isHTML:YES];
[self presentViewController:mailPicker animated:YES completion:^{

}];
}

7)登录设备上的应用,使用其他应用发送邮件(例如:QQ邮箱)

#pragma mark - 登录设备上的应用
-(void)launchMailAppOnDevice
{
NSString *recipients = @"mailto:first@example.com&subject=my email!";
NSString *body = @"&body=email body!";

NSString *email = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@%@", recipients, body];
email = [email stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding];
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL: [NSURL URLWithString:email]];
}

8)协议方法的实现

#pragma mark - 协议方法
- (void)mailComposeController:(MFMailComposeViewController *)controller
didFinishWithResult:(MFMailComposeResult)result error:(NSError *)error
/**
*  发送成功或者失败后的处理(给予提示信息)
*/
{
NSString *msg;

switch (result)
{
case MFMailComposeResultCancelled:
msg = @"邮件发送取消";
[self alertWithTitle:nil msg:msg];
break;
case MFMailComposeResultSaved:
msg = @"邮件保存成功";
[self alertWithTitle:nil msg:msg];
break;
case MFMailComposeResultSent:
msg = @"邮件发送成功";
[self alertWithTitle:nil msg:msg];
break;
case MFMailComposeResultFailed:
msg = @"邮件发送失败";
[self alertWithTitle:nil msg:msg];
break;
default:
break;
}
[self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:^{

}];
}

9)提示方法(UIAlertView)

/**
*  提示框
*
*  @param title title(nil)
*  @param msg   提示信息
*/
- (void) alertWithTitle: (NSString *)title msg: (NSString *)msg
{
UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:title
message:msg
delegate:nil
cancelButtonTitle:@"确定"
otherButtonTitles:nil];
[alert show];
[alert release];
}

10)运行结果:(效果图)

2.短信

短信的发送有两种情况

第一种:进入系统短信发送,进入后不能退回到APP

第二种:进入短信添加界面,发完短信,回到当前APP

1.不能返回APP

1)导入框架MessageUI.framework



2)引入头文件

#import <MessageUI/MessageUI.h>

3)添加按钮,点击按钮触发点击事件(按钮添加不予以详述)

/**
*  系统发送短信
*
*  @param button nil
*/
- (void)buttonClicked:(UIButton *)button
{
NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"sms://10010"];
[[UIApplication sharedApplication]openURL:url];

}

2.能够返回APP

1)添加框架,引入头文件(同上,这里不详述)

2)添加按钮,点击触发点击事件

/**
*  发送后能回到APP
*
*  @param button nil
*/
- (void)button1Clicked:(UIButton *)button
{

if ([MFMessageComposeViewController canSendText]) {
MFMessageComposeViewController *MFMC = [[MFMessageComposeViewController alloc]init];
MFMC.messageComposeDelegate = self;
MFMC.body = @"我爱你";
MFMC.recipients = [NSArray arrayWithObject:@"10086"];

#pragma mark - 添加图片(可以发彩信)
//            /**
//             *  添加附件(图片为例)
//             */
//            UIImage *addPic = [UIImage imageNamed: @"1.png"];
//            NSData *imageData = UIImagePNGRepresentation(addPic);            // png或者jpg
//            [MFMC addAttachmentData:imageData typeIdentifier:@"image/png" filename:@"1.png"];

[self presentViewController:MFMC animated:YES completion:^{

}];
}
else
{
UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc]initWithTitle:@"提示" message:@"该设备不支持短信功能" delegate:self cancelButtonTitle:nil otherButtonTitles:@"确认", nil];
[alert show];
}
}

3)协议方法的实现

#pragma mark - 协议方法
- (void)messageComposeViewController:(MFMessageComposeViewController *)controller didFinishWithResult:(MessageComposeResult)result
{
NSString *msg;
switch (result) {
case MessageComposeResultCancelled:

msg = @"发送取消";
[self alertWithTitle:nil msg:msg];
break;
case MessageComposeResultFailed:

msg = @"发送取消";
[self alertWithTitle:nil msg:msg];
break;
case MessageComposeResultSent:

msg = @"发送成功";
[self alertWithTitle:nil msg:msg];
break;

default:
break;
}

[self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:^{

}];
}

4)提示信息方法(方法同上)

/**
*  提示框
*
*  @param title title(nil)
*  @param msg   提示信息
*/
- (void) alertWithTitle: (NSString *)title msg: (NSString *)msg
{
UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:title
message:msg
delegate:nil
cancelButtonTitle:@"确定"
otherButtonTitles:nil];
[alert show];

}

5)运行结果(需要真机测试,模拟器不能够发送短信,以上代码经过真机测试,这里不提供结果效果图)

3.通讯录

获取手机上通讯录信息,重新展示通讯录(重点内容:获取通讯录内容)

1)框架的导入AddressBook.framework,引入头文件

/* AddressBook.framework是c  api直接访问操作 通讯录数据库框架 *
* AddressBookUI.framework是oc 界面交互框架
*/

#import <AddressBook/AddressBook.h>

2)需要的属性和协议

@interface AddressBookViewController ()<UITableViewDataSource, UITableViewDelegate>

@property (nonatomic, retain) NSMutableArray *addressBook;
@property (nonatomic, retain) UITableView *addressBookTableView;

@end

3)ViewDidLoad方法(没有进行封装,代码冗长,谅解…)

- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
// Do any additional setup after loading the view.
self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];

/**
*  添加一个返回按钮 用于返回
*/
UIButton *button = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
button.frame = CGRectMake(10, 30, 100, 20);
button.backgroundColor = [UIColor cyanColor];
[button setTitle:@"返回" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[self.view addSubview:button];
[button addTarget:self action:@selector(buttonClicked:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];

/**
*  初始化
*/
self.addressBook = [NSMutableArray array];

/**
*  新建一个通讯录,获取本地通讯录数据库
*/
ABAddressBookRef address = nil;

address = ABAddressBookCreateWithOptions(nil, nil);

/**
*  获取通讯录权限
*
*  @param 0
*
*  @return
*/

/* 在GCD中有三个函数是semaphore的操作，分别是：
　　dispatch_semaphore_create　　　创建一个semaphore
　　dispatch_semaphore_signal　　　发送一个信号
　　dispatch_semaphore_wait　　　　等待信号
*/
dispatch_semaphore_t sema = dispatch_semaphore_create(0);
ABAddressBookRequestAccessWithCompletion(address, ^(bool granted, CFErrorRef error) {
dispatch_semaphore_signal(sema);
});

dispatch_semaphore_wait(sema, DISPATCH_TIME_FOREVER);
//address = ABAddressBookCreate();/* 该方法适用6.0版本之前, 可以加个版本判断 */
//__MAC_NA,__MAC_NA,__IPHONE_2_0,__IPHONE_6_0

/**
*  获取通讯录中的所有人
*
*  @param address 通讯录
*
*  @return 结构体数组allPeople
*/
CFArrayRef allPeople  = ABAddressBookCopyArrayOfAllPeople(address);

/**
*  获取通讯录中联系人的个数
*
*  @param address 通讯录address
*
*  @return CFIndex
*/
CFIndex numPeople = ABAddressBookGetPersonCount(address);

for (NSInteger i = 0; i < numPeople; i++) {

/**
定义一个联系人的Model
*/
PeopleModel *peo = [[PeopleModel alloc]init];
/**
*  获取通讯录中的一个人
*
*  @param allPeople 联系人数组
*  @param i         下标
*
*  @return 单个人
*/
ABRecordRef person = CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(allPeople, i);

/**
*  获取一个人的名字
*
*  @param person  通讯录中的联系人
*  @param kABPersonFirstNameProperty
*
*  @return 获取一个人的名字
*/
CFTypeRef name = ABRecordCopyValue(person, kABPersonFirstNameProperty);
/**
*  获取的名字要进行类型转换
*
*  @param NSString Core Foundation 对象
*
*  @return Objective-C 对象name
*/
NSString *nameString = (__bridge NSString *)name;

/* 获取电话号码 方法同上 */
ABMultiValueRef telePhone = ABRecordCopyValue(person, kABPersonPhoneProperty);
NSString *telePhoneString = (__bridge NSString *)ABMultiValueCopyValueAtIndex(telePhone, 0);

peo.tel = telePhoneString;
peo.name = nameString;

/**
*  获取唯一标识
*
*  @param int 转换为整型
*
*  @return recordID
*/
peo.recordID = (int)ABRecordGetRecordID(person);

[self.addressBook addObject:peo];

#pragma mark - 获取通讯录信息(其他的详细介绍)
/*
kABPersonLastNameProperty;           // 姓氏
kABPersonMiddleNameProperty;         // 中间名
kABPersonPrefixProperty;             // 前缀
kABPersonSuffixProperty;             // 后缀
kABPersonNicknameProperty;           // 昵称
kABPersonFirstNamePhoneticProperty;  // 名字的汉语拼音或者音标
kABPersonLastNamePhoneticProperty;   // 姓氏汉语拼音或者音标
kABPersonMiddleNamePhoneticProperty; // 中间名的汉语拼音或者音标
kABPersonOrganizationProperty;       // 组织名
kABPersonJobTitleProperty;           // 工作头衔
kABPersonDepartmentProperty;         // 部门
kABPersonNoteProperty;               // 备注
kABPersonBirthdayProperty;           // 生日
kABPersonCreationDateProperty;       // 创建时间
kABPersonModificationDateProperty;   // 修改日期
kABPersonPhoneProperty ;        //电话号码属性           kABMultiStringPropertyType;//类型
kABPersonEmailProperty ;        //e-mail属性                kABMultiStringPropertyType;//类型
kABPersonURLProperty ;          //URL属性                    kABMultiStringPropertyType;//类型
kABPersonRelatedNamesProperty;  // 亲属关系人属性       kABMultiStringPropertyType;//类型
kABPersonAddressProperty ;      //地址属性               kABMultiDictionaryPropertyType;//类型
kABPersonInstantMessageProperty;//及时聊天属性            kABMultiDictionaryPropertyType;//类型
kABPersonSocialProfileProperty; //社交账号属性            kABMultiDictionaryPropertyTypel;//类
*/

}

/* 重铺通讯录 */
[self tableViewSubview];
}

4)重铺通讯录tableView

- (void)tableViewSubview
{
self.addressBookTableView = [[UITableView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 50, [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.width, [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.height - 50) style:UITableViewStylePlain];
self.addressBookTableView.dataSource = self;
self.addressBookTableView.delegate = self;
[self.view addSubview:self.addressBookTableView];

}

#pragma mark - tableView协议方法
- (NSInteger)numberOfSectionsInTableView:(UITableView *)tableView
{
return 1;
}

- (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section
{
return [self.addressBook count];
}

- (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath
{
UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:@"reuse"];
if (cell == nil) {
cell = [[UITableViewCell alloc]initWithStyle:UITableViewCellStyleValue1 reuseIdentifier:@"reuse"];
}

PeopleModel *person = [self.addressBook objectAtIndex:indexPath.row];

cell.textLabel.text = person.name;
cell.detailTextLabel.text = person.tel;

return cell;
}

5)联系人Model

@interface PeopleModel : NSObject

@property (nonatomic, assign) NSInteger recordID;
@property (nonatomic, retain) NSString *name;
@property (nonatomic, retain) NSString *email;
@property (nonatomic, retain) NSString *tel;

@end

6)运行结果(效果图)获取系统通讯录(如果是中文名字:firstname lastname都要获取,拼接字符串显示姓名)