Spring4 MVC Hibernate4集成

一、 本文所用环境

Spring4.0.3.RELEASE

Hibernate4.3.5.Final

Mysql

二、 工程目录

三、 Maven添加依赖

用Maven创建项目，pom.xml如下：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.lei.demo</groupId>
<artifactId>spring3-mvc-hibernate</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>spring3-mvc-hibernate Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>

<!-- Spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>4.0.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.0.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>4.0.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>4.0.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>4.0.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>4.0.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>4.0.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>4.0.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>4.0.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>4.0.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<!-- AspectJ -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
<version>1.7.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.7.4</version>
</dependency>

<!-- Mysql -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.29</version>
</dependency>

<!-- Hibernate4 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>4.3.5.Final</version>
</dependency>
<!-- for JPA, use hibernate-entitymanager instead of hibernate-core -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
<version>4.3.5.Final</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 以下可选 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-envers</artifactId>
<version>4.3.5.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-c3p0</artifactId>
<version>4.3.5.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-proxool</artifactId>
<version>4.3.5.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-infinispan</artifactId>
<version>4.3.5.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-ehcache</artifactId>
<version>4.3.5.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-commons-annotations</artifactId>
<version>4.0.4.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate.javax.persistence</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-jpa-2.1-api</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jboss</groupId>
<artifactId>jandex</artifactId>
<version>1.1.0.Final</version>
</dependency>

<!-- 为了让Hibernate使用代理模式，需要javassist -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.javassist</groupId>
<artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
<version>3.18.1-GA</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.jboss.logging</groupId>
<artifactId>jboss-logging</artifactId>
<version>3.1.3.GA</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jboss.spec.javax.annotation</groupId>
<artifactId>jboss-annotations-api_1.2_spec</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0.Final</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>antlr</groupId>
<artifactId>antlr</artifactId>
<version>2.7.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>dom4j</groupId>
<artifactId>dom4j</artifactId>
<version>1.6.1</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>commons-collections</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>1.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-pool</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-pool</artifactId>
<version>1.4</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>javax.transaction</groupId>
<artifactId>jta</artifactId>
<version>1.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.6.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate.javax.persistence</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-jpa-2.0-api</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0.Final</version>
</dependency>

<!-- tomcat7.0.35 数据库连接池 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>7.0.35</version>
</dependency>

</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>spring3-mvc-hibernate</finalName>
</build>
</project>

四、 新建数据库表

数据库采用Mysql，新建users表，我们演示操作此表

CREATE TABLE `users` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`age` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`nice_name` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL,
`user_name` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

创建Entity类Users.java见下

package com.lei.demo.entity;

import javax.persistence.*;

@Entity(name="users")
public class Users {

public Users(){
super();
}

@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
@Column(name="id")
private Integer id;

@Column(name="user_name",length=32)
private String user_name;

@Column(name="age")
private Integer age;

@Column(name="nice_name",length=32)
private String nice_name;

public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUser_name() {
return user_name;
}
public void setUser_name(String user_name) {
this.user_name = user_name;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getNice_name() {
return nice_name;
}
public void setNice_name(String nice_name) {
this.nice_name = nice_name;
}
}

五、 配置文件

1. 首先看一下Web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:/spring-*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 定义DispatcherServlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>lei-dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<!-- 默认/WEB-INF/[servlet名字]-servlet.xml加载上下文，
如果配置了contextConfigLocation参数，
将使用classpath:/lei-dispatcher-servlet.xml加载上下文
-->
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:/lei-dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<!-- 拦截匹配的请求，这里所有请求采用名字为lei-dispatcher的DispatcherServlet处理 -->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>lei-dispatcher</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

2. lei-dispatcher-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
">

<!-- 启动自动扫描该包下所有的Bean(例如@Controller) -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.lei.demo" />

<!-- 定义视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix">
<value>/WEB-INF/user/</value>
</property>
<property name="suffix">
<value>.jsp</value>
</property>
</bean>

</beans>

3. Spring-hibernate的整合

spring-hibernate.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
">

<!-- Hibernate4 -->
<!-- 加载资源文件  其中包含变量信息，必须在Spring配置文件的最前面加载，即第一个加载-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:persistence-mysql.properties" />

<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="packagesToScan">
<list>
<!-- 可以加多个包 -->
<value>com.lei.demo.entity</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">${hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop>
<!--  <prop key="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</prop> -->
</props>
</property>
</bean>

<!-- 数据库映射 -->
<!--  class="org.apache.tomcat.dbcp.dbcp.BasicDataSource" -->
<!--  class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource" -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.user}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.pass}" />
</bean>

<!-- 配置Hibernate事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>

<!-- 配置事务异常封装 -->
<bean id="persistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor"
class="org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor" />

<!--  声明式容器事务管理 ,transaction-manager指定事务管理器为transactionManager -->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="get*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="*" read-only="true" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>

<aop:config expose-proxy="true">
<!-- 只对业务逻辑层实施事务 -->
<aop:pointcut id="txPointcut" expression="execution(* com.lei.demo.service..*.*(..))" />
<!-- Advisor定义，切入点和通知分别为txPointcut、txAdvice -->
<aop:advisor pointcut-ref="txPointcut" advice-ref="txAdvice"/>
</aop:config>

</beans>

事务采用tx:advice和aop:config的xml配置方式实现。事务的其他实现方式见《Spring MVC事务配置》

资源文件persistence-mysql.properties如下：

# jdbc.X
jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://yourServerIP:3306/yourDatabase?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true
jdbc.user=user
jdbc.pass=password

# hibernate.X
hibernate.connection.driverClass=org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver
hibernate.connection.url=jdbc:mysql:// yourServerIP:3306/yourDatabase
hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect
hibernate.connection.username=user
hibernate.connection.password=password
hibernate.show_sql=true
hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=create-drop

六、 DAO、Service

UsersDAO.java如下：

package com.lei.demo.dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;

import com.lei.demo.entity.Users;

public class UsersDAO {
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;

public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {
this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory;
}
public SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {
return sessionFactory;
}

public List<Users> getAllUser(){
String hsql="from users";
Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
Query query = session.createQuery(hsql);

return query.list();
}
}

UserService.java如下：

package com.lei.demo.service;

import com.lei.demo.dao.*;

public class UserService {
private UsersDAO userDao;

public int userCount(){
return userDao.getAllUser().size();
}

public UsersDAO getUserDao() {
return userDao;
}

public void setUserDao(UsersDAO userDao) {
this.userDao = userDao;
}

}

七、 加载Bean配置文件

这里主要是加载上边的dao、service

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd">

<bean id="usersDAO" class="com.lei.demo.dao.UsersDAO">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="userService" class="com.lei.demo.service.UserService">
<property name="userDao" ref="usersDAO"></property>
</bean>
</beans>

当然你也可以不采用xml配置bean，采用注释加载bean，见《Spring3系列7- 自动扫描组件或Bean》、《Spring 开启Annotation
<context:annotation-config> 和<context:component-scan>诠释及区别》

八、 JSP页面和Controller

WEB-INF/user/users.jsp如下：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Message : ${message}</h1>
</body>
</html>

写Controller访问上边的jsp

package com.lei.demo.controller;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import com.lei.demo.service.*;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {

@Resource(name="userService")
private UserService service;

@RequestMapping(value="/manager",method=RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView hello2(){
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
mv.addObject("message", "HelloMVC");
mv.setViewName("users");
return mv;
}

@RequestMapping(value="/count",method=RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView count(){

int c = service.userCount();

ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
mv.addObject("message", c);
mv.setViewName("users");
return mv;
}
}

上边的controller定义了两个路径
http://localhost:8080/spring4-mvc-hibernate4/user/manager http://localhost:8080/spring4-mvc-hibernate4/user/count
以上两个路径都调用WEB-INF/user/users.jsp

参考资料《Spring3系列13-Controller和@RequestMapping》

九、 运行结果

源代码下载：

http://www.oschina.net/code/snippet_1764868_35775