oracle rman 定时备份脚本

近期需要出个oracle定时备份的方案，可以恢复到最新状态，参考http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_7756ebc30100tnqy.html，我又在shell中加工了一下，弄了2个shell脚本，init.sh, oraclebackup.sh，执行init.sh
param1(备份文件路径) param2(归档日志路径)，就可以设置定时备份了，脚本会设置定时器，详细内容参见init.sh文件的开头说明，下面贴出脚本代码：

init.sh

#!/bin/sh

# oracle自动定时备份程序

#说明：init.sh 和 oraclebackup.sh是oracle自动定时备份的2个shell脚本。

# 备份工具：RMAN

# 备份方式：增量备份

# 归档模式：是

# 使用示例： ./init.sh /home/dev/databasebackup /home/dev/archivelogbackup

# 第一个参数是oracle备份文件的存储目录，第二个参数是归档重做日志的存储目录

# 每次备份数据库时也会备份归档重做日志，然后删除归档重做日志

# 这2个脚本需要放到oracle服务器

# 环境变量中需要提前配置好ORACLE_BASE,ORACLE_HOME,ORACLE_SID

# 安装后的oracle默认是非归档模式

# init.sh脚本执行过程中需要重启数据库

#init.sh脚本执行流程：

# 1.将2个目录参数替换到oraclebackup.sh

# 2.将ORACLE_BASE,ORACLE_HOME,ORACLE_SID这3个环境变量替换到oraclebackup.sh

# 3.配置RMAN

# 4.将oracle设置为归档模式

# 5.生成定时器文件

# 6.设置定时器，定时对oracle进行备份，备份文件默认保存15天

# 每周日1：00执行0级备份

# 每周一至周三，周五至周六1：00执行2级增量备份

# 每周四1：00执行1级增量备份

# 每周六16：00执行检测

# 每周日18:00删除过期的备份数据

#

# 执行完init.sh后，也可以进行手动备份和恢复数据库

# 进行0级备份：

# oraclebackup.sh -l0

# 进行1级备份

# oraclebackup.sh -l1

# 进行2级备份

# oraclebackup.sh -l2

# 检测备份完整性

# oraclebackup.sh -c

# 删除过期的备份，默认保存15天

# oraclebackup.sh -d

# 恢复数据库到最新状态

# oraclebackup.sh -r

#日志：

# 脚本执行的log在第一个参数(/home/dev/databasebackup)的rmanlog目录下，即/home/dev/databasebackup/rmanlog，

# 可以定期检查这个文件夹下面的log，查看备份信息

DATABASE_PATH=""

ARCHIVELOG_PATH=""

ORACLE_BASE_VAL=""

ORACLE_HOME_VAL=""

ORACLE_SID_VAL=""

KEY1="DATABASE_PATH"

KEY2="ARCHIVELOG_PATH"

KEY3="export ORACLE_BASE"

KEY4="export ORACLE_HOME"

KEY5="export ORACLE_SID"

#配置RMAN，备份保留15天，优化备份，自动备份控制文件，控制文件的备份位置

TEMPLATE_RMANCMD="connect target /;

run {

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 15 DAYS;

CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON;

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 'oldpath_database/controlfile_backup/controlfile_%F';

}"

RMANCMD=""

#替换RMAN命令中的路径参数

function replaceRmanCMD()

{

RMANCMD=`echo ${TEMPLATE_RMANCMD} | sed -n "s#oldpath_database#${DATABASE_PATH}#p"`

echo "==================RMANCMD======================"

echo ${RMANCMD}

echo "==============================================="

}

#执行RMAN命令，配置RMAN

function setRmanConf()

{

rman log=\'${DATABASE_PATH}/rmanlog/paidb_rman_conf.log\' append <<EOF

${RMANCMD}

EOF

}

#把oracle设置为归档模式

function setArchiveLog()

{

sqlplus / as sysdba <<EOF

shutdown immediate;

startup mount;

alter database archivelog;

alter system set control_file_record_keep_time=30 scope=both;

alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=${ARCHIVELOG_PATH}/archivelog' scope=both;

alter database open;

alter system archive log start;

exit;

EOF

}

#创建定时器文件crontabfile，设置定时器

#每周日1：00执行0级备份

#每周一至周三，周五至周六1：00执行2级增量备份

#每周四1：00执行1级增量备份

#每周六16：00执行检测

#每周日18:00删除过期的备份数据

function setCrontab()

{

if [ -e ./crontabfile ]

then

rm ./crontabfile

fi

touch ./crontabfile

chmod 777 ./crontabfile

#每周日1：00执行0级备份

echo "0 1 * * 0 `pwd`/oraclebackup.sh -l0" >> crontabfile

#每周一至周三，周五至周六1：00执行2级增量备份

echo "0 1 * * 1-3,5-6 `pwd`/oraclebackup.sh -l2" >> crontabfile

#每周四1：00执行1级增量备份

echo "0 1 * * 4 `pwd`/oraclebackup.sh -l1" >> crontabfile

#每周六16：00执行检测

echo "0 18 * * 6 `pwd`/oraclebackup.sh -c" >> crontabfile

#每周日18:00删除过期的备份数据

echo "0 18 * * 0 `pwd`/oraclebackup.sh -d" >> crontabfile

crontab ./crontabfile

}

#创建子目录，归档日志目录下创建archivelog

#数据库备份目录下创建rmanlog，controlfile_backup,database_backup目录

#如果已经存在，则不创建

function makeSubDir()

{

if [ ! -d "${ARCHIVELOG_PATH}/archivelog" ]

then

mkdir ${ARCHIVELOG_PATH}/archivelog

fi

if [ ! -d "${ARCHIVELOG_PATH}/rmanlog" ]

then

mkdir ${DATABASE_PATH}/rmanlog

fi

if [ ! -d "${ARCHIVELOG_PATH}/controlfile_backup" ]

then

mkdir ${DATABASE_PATH}/controlfile_backup

fi

if [ ! -d "${ARCHIVELOG_PATH}/database_backup" ]

then

mkdir ${DATABASE_PATH}/database_backup

fi

}

#把数据库备份目录参数替换到oraclebackup.sh

function replaceDatabaseBakPath()

{

sed -i "s#^\(${KEY1} *= *\)\([^ ]*\)\( *.*\)#\1${DATABASE_PATH}\3#" ./oraclebackup.sh

}

#把归档日志目录参数替换到oraclebackup.sh

function replaceArchivelogBakPath()

{

sed -i "s#^\(${KEY2} *= *\)\([^ ]*\)\( *.*\)#\1${ARCHIVELOG_PATH}\3#" ./oraclebackup.sh

}

#把ORACLE_HOME等参数替换到oraclebackup.sh

function replaceOracleHome()

{

sed -i "s#^\(${KEY3} *= *\)\([^ ]*\)\( *.*\)#\1${ORACLE_BASE_VAL}\3#" ./oraclebackup.sh

sed -i "s#^\(${KEY4} *= *\)\([^ ]*\)\( *.*\)#\1${ORACLE_HOME_VAL}\3#" ./oraclebackup.sh

sed -i "s#^\(${KEY5} *= *\)\([^ ]*\)\( *.*\)#\1${ORACLE_SID_VAL}\3#" ./oraclebackup.sh

}

function usage()

{

echo "------------------------------------------------------------------------"

echo

echo "Example:"

echo " Sample: ./init.sh /aaa/bbb/databaseBackupPath /aaa/bbb/archivelogBackupPath"

echo

echo "note: The path must be exist!"

echo "------------------------------------------------------------------------"

}

#指定的路径不存在

function pathNotExist()

{

echo "************************************************************************"

echo

echo "Path: ${1} not Exist!"

echo

echo "************************************************************************"

}

#环境变量没找到

function envNotFound()

{

echo "************************************************************************"

echo

echo "env ${1} not found!"

echo

echo "************************************************************************"

}

function check()

{

if [ ! -d "$DATABASE_PATH" ]

then

pathNotExist ${1}

exit 0

fi

if [ ! -d "$ARCHIVELOG_PATH" ]

then

pathNotExist ${2}

exit 0

fi

if [ ! $ORACLE_BASE ]

then

envNotFound "ORACLE_BASE"

exit 0

fi

if [ ! $ORACLE_HOME ]

then

envNotFound "ORACLE_HOME"

exit 0

fi

if [ ! $ORACLE_SID ]

then

envNotFound "ORACLE_SID"

exit 0

fi

}

function main()

{

if (( $# < "2"))

then

usage

exit 0

fi

DATABASE_PATH=$1

ARCHIVELOG_PATH=$2

DATABASE_PATH=${DATABASE_PATH%/}

ARCHIVELOG_PATH=${ARCHIVELOG_PATH%/}

check

ORACLE_BASE_VAL=$ORACLE_BASE

ORACLE_HOME_VAL=$ORACLE_HOME

ORACLE_SID_VAL=$ORACLE_SID

replaceOracleHome

makeSubDir

replaceDatabaseBakPath

replaceArchivelogBakPath

replaceRmanCMD

setRmanConf

echo "--------->start conf archive log"

setArchiveLog

echo "--------->end conf archive log"

chmod 777 ./oraclebackup.sh

setCrontab

}

main $1 $2

oraclebakcup.sh

#!/bin/sh

export ORACLE_BASE=

export ORACLE_HOME=

export ORACLE_SID=

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

DATABASE_PATH=""

ARCHIVELOG_PATH=""

#====================================================

#0级备份rman命令

TEMPLATE_RMANCMD_LEVEL0=" connect target /;

run {

allocate channel c1 type disk;

backup incremental level=0 database format 'oldpath_database/database_backup/paidb_level0_%U' tag='level0';

sql 'alter system archive log current';

backup archivelog all format 'oldpath_archive/archivelog/paidb_arch_%U' delete input;

release channel c1;

}

";

#1级备份rman命令

TEMPLATE_RMANCMD_LEVEL1=" connect target /;

run {

allocate channel c1 type disk;

backup incremental level=1 database format 'oldpath_database/database_backup/paidb_level1_%U' tag='level1';

sql 'alter system archive log current';

backup archivelog all format 'oldpath_archive/archivelog/paidb_arch_%U' delete input;

release channel c1;

}

";

#2级备份rman命令

TEMPLATE_RMANCMD_LEVEL2=" connect target /;

run {

allocate channel c1 type disk;

backup incremental level=2 database format 'oldpath_database/database_backup/paidb_level2_%U' tag='level2';

sql 'alter system archive log current';

backup archivelog all format 'oldpath_archive/archivelog/paidb_arch_%U' delete input;

release channel c1;

}

";

#======================替换路径后的RMAN命令=======================

RMANCMD_LEVEL0=""

RMANCMD_LEVEL1=""

RMANCMD_LEVEL2=""

#==============================================================

#替换0级备份命令中的路径参数

function replaceRmanCMDl0()

{

RMANCMD_LEVEL0=`echo ${TEMPLATE_RMANCMD_LEVEL0} | sed -n "s#oldpath_database#${DATABASE_PATH}#p"`

RMANCMD_LEVEL0=`echo ${RMANCMD_LEVEL0} | sed -n "s#oldpath_archive#${ARCHIVELOG_PATH}#p"`

echo "##################RMANCMD######################"

echo ${RMANCMD_LEVEL0}

echo "###############################################"

}

#替换1级备份命令中的路径参数

function replaceRmanCMDl1()

{

RMANCMD_LEVEL1=`echo ${TEMPLATE_RMANCMD_LEVEL1} | sed -n "s#oldpath_database#${DATABASE_PATH}#p"`

RMANCMD_LEVEL1=`echo ${RMANCMD_LEVEL1} | sed -n "s#oldpath_archive#${ARCHIVELOG_PATH}#p"`

echo "##################RMANCMD######################"

echo ${RMANCMD_LEVEL1}

echo "###############################################"

}

#替换2级备份命令中的路径参数

function replaceRmanCMDl2()

{

RMANCMD_LEVEL2=`echo ${TEMPLATE_RMANCMD_LEVEL2} | sed -n "s#oldpath_database#${DATABASE_PATH}#p"`

RMANCMD_LEVEL2=`echo ${RMANCMD_LEVEL2} | sed -n "s#oldpath_archive#${ARCHIVELOG_PATH}#p"`

echo "##################RMANCMD######################"

echo ${RMANCMD_LEVEL2}

echo "###############################################"

}

#====================================================

#0级备份

function backupLevel0()

{

rman log=\'${DATABASE_PATH}/rmanlog/paidb_rman_level0.log\' append <<EOF

${RMANCMD_LEVEL0}

EOF

}

#1级备份

function backupLevel1()

{

rman log=\'${DATABASE_PATH}/rmanlog/paidb_rman_level1.log\' append <<EOF

${RMANCMD_LEVEL1}

EOF

}

#2级备份

function backupLevel2()

{

rman log=\'${DATABASE_PATH}/rmanlog/paidb_rman_level2.log\' append <<EOF

${RMANCMD_LEVEL2}

EOF

}

#检查oracle备份文件，如果有损坏的记录，会放进V$DATABASE_BLOCK_CORRUPTION视图中，

#需要DBA定期检查V$DATABASE_BLOCK_CORRUPTION视图，块被修复后，

#V$DATABASE_BLOCK_CORRUPTION中相应的记录会被自动删除

function backupcheck()

{

rman log=\'${DATABASE_PATH}/rmanlog/rmancheck.log\' append <<EOF

connect target /;

run {

#check database

backup validate check logical database;

#check backup set

restore database validate check logical;

#crosscheck backup

crosscheck backup;

}

EOF

}

#删除过期的备份文件

function backupDelete()

{

rman log=\'${DATABASE_PATH}/rmanlog/rmandelete.log\' append <<EOF

connect target /;

run {

delete noprompt obsolete;

delete noprompt expired backup;

}

EOF

}

#恢复数据库到最新状态

function backupRestore()

{

rman log=\'${DATABASE_PATH}/rmanlog/rmanrestore.log\' append <<EOF

connect target /;

run {

restore database;

recover database;

}

EOF

}

#====================================================

#0级备份

function backupl0()

{

replaceRmanCMDl0

backupLevel0

}

#1级备份

function backupl1()

{

replaceRmanCMDl1

backupLevel1

}

#2级备份

function backupl2()

{

replaceRmanCMDl2

backupLevel2

}

#检查备份文件

function backupck()

{

backupcheck

}

#删除过期的备份文件

function backupdel()

{

backupDelete

}

#恢复数据库到最新状态

function backupres()

{

backupRestore

}

#====================================================

function usage()

{

echo "------------------------------------------------------------------------"

echo

echo "Example:"

echo " Sample: ./oraclebackup.sh -l0|-l1|-l2|-c|-d|-r"

echo

echo "note: -l0 backup level0 0级备份

-l1 backup level1 1级备份

-l2 backup level2 2级备份

-c backup check 检查备份

-d backup delete 删除过期备份

-r backup restore" 恢复数据库到最新状态

echo "------------------------------------------------------------------------"

}

function main()

{

if (( $# < "1" ))

then

usage

exit 0

fi

case "$1" in

"-l0")

backupl0

exit 0

;;

"-l1")

backupl1

exit 0

;;

"-l2")

backupl2

exit 0

;;

"-c")

backupck

exit 0

;;

"-d")

backupdel

exit 0

;;

"-r")

backupres

exit 0

;;

esac

usage

}

main $1