CentOS 5.5 的oracle 10g安装（32位）

CentOS 5.5 的oracle 10g安装（32位）

测试环境：

主机：windows server 2008 R2 64位

虚拟机：VMware Workstation 11.0.0(32位)

linux版本：CentOS release 5.5 (Final) (32位)

主机性能有限，所以只采用32位的测试环境。

[root@localhost ~]# ls

anaconda-ks.cfg Desktop install.log install.log.syslog

#内存检查

[root@localhost ~]# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo

MemTotal: 2075368 kB

#查看共享内存大小

[root@localhost ~]# df -k /dev/shm

Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on

tmpfs 1037684 0 1037684 0% /dev/shm

#交换空间检查

[root@localhost ~]# grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo

SwapTotal: 4128696 kB

#查看有效的内存和交换空间

[root@localhost ~]# free

total used free shared buffers cached

Mem: 2075368 889704 1185664 0 83688 641828

-/+ buffers/cache: 164188 1911180

Swap: 4128696 0 4128696

#检查临时目录/tmp

[root@localhost ~]# df -k /tmp

Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda2 56643640 2401496 51318316 5% /

#检查磁盘空间

[root@localhost ~]# df -k

Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda2 56643640 2401496 51318316 5% /

/dev/sda1 295561 16202 264099 6% /boot

tmpfs 1037684 0 1037684 0% /dev/shm

.host:/ 1428056060 1113043392 315012668 78% /mnt/hgfs

#检查OS版本

[root@localhost ~]# lsb_release -a

LSB Version: :core-3.1-ia32:core-3.1-noarch:graphics-3.1-ia32:graphics-3.1-noarch

Distributor ID: CentOS

Description: CentOS release 5.5 (Final)

Release: 5.5

Codename: Final

#检查内核

[root@localhost ~]# uname -r

2.6.18-194.el5

#标识用户的存在性

[root@localhost ~]# id oracle

uid=500(oracle) gid=500(oracle) groups=500(oracle)

context=root:system_r:unconfined_t:SystemLow-SystemHigh

#创建组

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/sbin/groupadd dba

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/sbin/groupadd oper

#安装OS时就建好了oracle用户

#用户分组，这里是用图形界面完成的

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba, oper oracle

#标识用户的存在性,检查一下

[root@localhost ~]# id oracle

uid=500(oracle) gid=500(oracle) groups=500(oracle),501(oinstall),502(dba),503(oper)

context=root:system_r:unconfined_t:SystemLow-SystemHigh

#检查Oracle 10g安装所需要的内核版本:

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -q gcc make binutils openmotif

gcc-4.1.2-48.el5

make-3.81-3.el5

binutils-2.17.50.0.6-14.el5

package openmotif is not installed

#查询其他包安装情况：

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -q gcc make binutils openmotif setarch compat-db compat-gcc >

compat-gcc-c++ compat-libstdc++ compat-libstdc++-devel

#安装所需要的包

[root@localhost CentOS]# rpm -Uvh gcc-4*

warning: gcc-4.1.2-48.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID e8562897

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

package gcc-4.1.2-48.el5.i386 is already installed

[root@localhost CentOS]# rpm -Uvh make-3*

warning: make-3.81-3.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID e8562897

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

package make-3.81-3.el5.i386 is already installed

[root@localhost CentOS]# rpm -Uvh binutils-2*

warning: binutils-2.17.50.0.6-14.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID

e8562897

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

package binutils-2.17.50.0.6-14.el5.i386 is already installed

[root@localhost CentOS]# rpm -q gcc make binutils openmotif

gcc-4.1.2-48.el5

make-3.81-3.el5

binutils-2.17.50.0.6-14.el5

package openmotif is not installed

#创建安装目录

[root@localhost CentOS]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

[root@localhost CentOS]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle

[root@localhost CentOS]# chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle

#切换用户

[root@localhost CentOS]# cd /

[root@localhost /]# su - oracle

#设置环境变量

[oracle@localhost ~]$ vi .bash_profile

在现有文件的下面增加

umask 022

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle;export ORACLE_BASE

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1;

export ORACLE_HOME

export ORACLE_SID=orcl

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH

NLS_LANG='Simplified Chinese_china'

DB_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/oradata

#查看环境变量

[oracle@localhost ~]$ env

HOSTNAME=localhost.localdomain

SHELL=/bin/bash

TERM=vt100

HISTSIZE=1000

USER=oracle

LS_COLORS=no=00:fi=00:di=01;34:ln=01;36:pi=40;33:so=01;35:bd=40;33;01:cd=40;33;01:or=01;05;3

7;41:mi=01;05;37;41:ex=01;32:*.cmd=01;32:*.exe=01;32:*.com=01;32:*.btm=01;32:*.bat=01;32:*.s

h=01;32:*.csh=01;32:*.tar=01;31:*.tgz=01;31:*.arj=01;31:*.taz=01;31:*.lzh=01;31:*.zip=01;31:

*.z=01;31:*.Z=01;31:*.gz=01;31:*.bz2=01;31:*.bz=01;31:*.tz=01;31:*.rpm=01;31:*.cpio=01;31:*.

jpg=01;35:*.gif=01;35:*.bmp=01;35:*.xbm=01;35:*.xpm=01;35:*.png=01;35:*.tif=01;35:

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

MAIL=/var/spool/mail/oracle

PATH=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin:/usr/kerberos/bin:/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:

/home/oracle/bin

INPUTRC=/etc/inputrc

PWD=/home/oracle

LANG=en_US.UTF-8

SSH_ASKPASS=/usr/libexec/openssh/gnome-ssh-askpass

SHLVL=1

HOME=/home/oracle

LOGNAME=oracle

CVS_RSH=ssh

LESSOPEN=|/usr/bin/lesspipe.sh %s

ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1

G_BROKEN_FILENAMES=1

_=/bin/env

#让环境变量立即生效

[oracle@localhost ~]$ . ./.bash_profile

#回到root用户

[oracle@localhost ~]$ su - root

Password:

#修改hosts文件

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/hosts

# Do not remove the following line, or various programs

# that require network functionality will fail.

127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost

::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6

192.168.1.30 orcl-a

#检查

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/hosts

# Do not remove the following line, or various programs

# that require network functionality will fail.

127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost

::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6

192.168.1.30 orcl-a

#查看版本信息

[root@localhost /]# cat /etc/redhat-release

CentOS release 5.5 (Final)

#启用图形支持

[root@localhost ~]# xhost +

access control disabled, clients can connect from any host

#切换用户

[root@localhost ~]# su - oracle

#切换到安装文件下

[oracle@localhost ~]$ cd /mnt/hgfs/sharefiles/oracle10g/10201_database_linux32/database

[oracle@localhost database]$ ls

doc install response runInstaller stage welcome.html

#开始安装

[oracle@localhost database]$ ./runInstaller

Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

Checking installer requirements...

Checking operating system version: must be redhat-3, SuSE-9, redhat-4, UnitedLinux-1.0,

asianux-1 or asianux-2

Failed <<<<

Exiting Oracle Universal Installer, log for this session can be found at

/tmp/OraInstall2015-09-14_02-27-55AM/installActions2015-09-14_02-27-55AM.log

#说是不支持当前linux版本，修改版本信息

#回到root用户修改版本信息

[root@localhost /]# vi /etc/redhat-release

#CentOS release 5.5 (Final)

CentOS release 4

#回到oracle用户继续安装

[oracle@localhost database]$ ./runInstaller

Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2015-09-14_02-30-04AM.

Please wait ...

[oracle@localhost database]$ Exception in thread "main"

java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError:

/tmp/OraInstall2015-09-14_02-30-04AM/jre/1.4.2/lib/i386/libawt.so:

libXp.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

#原因是缺少了包，装上如下的包就可以了。

# rpm -ivh libXp-1.0.0-8.1.el5.i386.rpm

记录一下以免忘记了。

libXau-devel-1.0.1-3.1.i386.rpm

libXp-1.0.0-8.1.el5.i386.rpm

libXp-devel-1.0.0-8.1.el5.i386.rpm

#安装包

[root@localhost CentOS]# rpm -ivh lib*

[root@localhost CentOS]# yum -y install libXau

[root@localhost CentOS]# yum -y install libXp*

#重新开始安装

[oracle@localhost database]$ ./runInstaller

安装界面出来了。

实例名：orcl

密码：

继续下一步

安装中途报错：

Error in invoking target 'all_no_orcl ihsodbc' of makefile

'/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0

/db_1/rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk'

#经查：是由于缺少compat-libstdc++-33*兼容包所报的错误

#回到root用户补充安装

[root@localhost CentOS]# rpm -ivh compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.i386.rpm

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

1:compat-libstdc++-33 ########################################### [100%]

安装后，retry。正常通过，继续安装。

#临近安装结束，oracle安装程序提示需要在root用户下运行两个脚本

#脚本1

[root@localhost /]# /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

Changing permissions of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory to 770.

Changing groupname of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory to oracle.

The execution of the script is complete

#脚本2

[root@localhost /]# /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/root.sh

Running Oracle10 root.sh script...

The following environment variables are set as:

ORACLE_OWNER= oracle

ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:

Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...

Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

Creating /etc/oratab file...

Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by

Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created

Finished running generic part of root.sh script.

Now product-specific root actions will be performed.

[root@localhost /]#

#查看环境变量之实例名

[oracle@localhost ~]$ echo $ORACLE_SID

orcl

#查看监听

[oracle@localhost ~]$ lsnrctl

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-SEP-2015 04:11:21

Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Welcome to LSNRCTL, type "help" for information.

LSNRCTL> help

The following operations are available

An asterisk (*) denotes a modifier or extended command:

start stop status

services version reload

save_config trace spawn

change_password quit exit

set* show*

LSNRCTL> status

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))

STATUS of the LISTENER

------------------------

Alias LISTENER

Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

Start Date 14-SEP-2015 03:41:44

Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 29 min. 42 sec

Trace Level off

Security ON: Local OS Authentication

SNMP OFF

Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora

Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log

Listening Endpoints Summary...

(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))

(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost.localdomain)(PORT=1521)))

Services Summary...

Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "orclXDB" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "orcl_XPT" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

The command completed successfully

LSNRCTL> quit

#登录数据库

[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus /nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Sep 14 04:12:06 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

SQL> connect / as sysdba

Connected.

SQL> select * from dual;

D

-

X

SQL>

SQL> quit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

#Oracle企业管理器

[oracle@localhost ~]$ emctl

TZ set to US/Pacific

Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Database Control Release 10.2.0.1.0

Copyright (c) 1996, 2005 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

Invalid arguments

Unknown command option

Usage::

Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Database Control commands:

emctl start| stop| status| setpasswd dbconsole

emctl secure <options>

emctl set ssl test|off|on em

emctl set ldap <host> <port> <user dn> <user pwd> <context dn>

emctl blackout options can be listed by typing "emctl blackout"

emctl config options can be listed by typing "emctl config"

emctl secure options can be listed by typing "emctl secure"

emctl ilint options can be listed by typing "emctl ilint"

emctl deploy options can be listed by typing "emctl deploy"

[oracle@localhost ~]$ emctl status dbconsole

TZ set to US/Pacific

Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Database Control Release 10.2.0.1.0

Copyright (c) 1996, 2005 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
http://localhost.localdomain:1158/em/console/aboutApplication
Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g is running.

------------------------------------------------------------------

Logs are generated in directory

/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/localhost.localdomain_orcl/sysman/log

——安装完成

#关机

[root@localhost ~]# init 0

总结：

在实践工作中，安装前的配置和环境检查还是很重要的。简单的说，前期准备工作要做好。

后面还准备测试数据库的创建，创建表空间，建表，删除，闪回，恢复。

转ASM存储，RMAN备份和恢复。

一堆试验。。。。。