Docker常用命令

1.查看Docker版本

[root@localhost ~]# docker version
Client version: 1.7.1
Client API version: 1.19
Go version (client): go1.4.2
Git commit (client): 786b29d/1.7.1
OS/Arch (client): linux/amd64
Server version: 1.7.1
Server API version: 1.19
Go version (server): go1.4.2
Git commit (server): 786b29d/1.7.1
OS/Arch (server): linux/amd64

2.搜索可用的Docker镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker search centos
NAME                                        DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
centos                                      The official build of CentOS.                   1314      [OK]
ansible/centos7-ansible                     Ansible on Centos7                              55                   [OK]
jdeathe/centos-ssh-apache-php               CentOS-6 6.6 x86_64 / Apache / PHP / PHP m...   11                   [OK]
blalor/centos                               Bare-bones base CentOS 6.5 image                9                    [OK]
torusware/speedus-centos                    Always updated official CentOS docker imag...   6                    [OK]
openshift/wildfly-8-centos                  DEPRECATED - see openshift/wildfly-81-centos7   6                    [OK]
jdeathe/centos-ssh                          CentOS-6 6.6 x86_64 / EPEL/IUS Repos / Ope...   6                    [OK]
million12/centos-supervisor                 Base CentOS-7 with supervisord launcher, h...   6                    [OK]
nimmis/java-centos                          This is docker images of CentOS 7 with dif...   5                    [OK]
nathonfowlie/centos-jre                     Latest CentOS image with the JRE pre-insta...   2                    [OK]
jdeathe/centos-ssh-mysql                    CentOS-6 6.6 x86_64 / MySQL.                    2                    [OK]
feduxorg/centos                                                                             1                    [OK]
layerworx/centos                            CentOS container with etcd, etcdctl, confd...   1                    [OK]
centos/mariadb55-centos7                                                                    1                    [OK]
nathonfowlie/centos-jira                    JIRA running on the latest version of CentOS    1                    [OK]
lighthopper/orientdb-centos                 A Dockerfile for creating an OrientDB imag...   1                    [OK]
yajo/centos-epel                            CentOS with EPEL and fully updated              1                    [OK]
lighthopper/openjdk-centos                  A Dockerfile for creating an OpenJDK image...   0                    [OK]
jasonish/centos-suricata                    Suricata base image based on CentOS 7.          0                    [OK]
insaneworks/centos                          CentOS 6.5 x86_64 + @update                     0                    [OK]
blacklabelops/centos                        Blacklabelops Centos 7.1.503 base image wi...   0                    [OK]
pdericson/centos                            Docker image for CentOS                         0                    [OK]
radiantbluetechnologies/rialtobase-centos   rialtobase-centos                               0                    [OK]
feduxorg/centos-rack                        Centos to run rack applications like Ruby ...   0                    [OK]
jsmigel/centos-epel                         Docker base image of CentOS w/ EPEL installe

仓库名/镜像 介绍 热度 是否官方提供 自动创建

3.下载docker镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker pull ansible/centos7-ansible
latest: Pulling from ansible/centos7-ansible
8eeda73d87df: Pull complete
8f137f6d38c1: Pull complete
1a50897796a7: Pull complete
88555f28b7e7: Pull complete
4bbeb012a7d7: Pull complete
3f5df08205ea: Pull complete
9c7646887b8a: Pull complete
719604feb5a5: Pull complete
25a4ad4731e3: Pull complete
f240103e8c02: Pull complete
231b24a3be84: Pull complete
231b24a3be84: Pulling fs layer
47d44cb6f252: Already exists
f6f39725d938: Already exists
f9a8cbc8dd13: Already exists
f37e6a610a37: Already exists
Digest: sha256:4c949411e556a423d6e95affda4908d4d295f3a5d59443925e9db30c400473ac
Status: Downloaded newer image for ansible/centos7-ansible:latest

4.查看所有Docker镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             VIRTUAL SIZE
ansible/centos7-ansible   latest              231b24a3be84        11 hours ago        400.5 MB
centos                    latest              0f73ae75014f        2 days ago          172.3 MB
ubuntu                    latest              91e54dfb1179        2 weeks ago         188.3 MB

5.启动、关闭容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker start bea707b2a8fe
bea707b2a8fe
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
bea707b2a8fe        centos:latest       "/bin/bash"         About an hour ago   Up 7 seconds                            gloomy_lovelace

[root@localhost ~]# docker stop bea707b2a8fe
bea707b2a8fe
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES

docker ps是查看正在运行中的容器

6.docker镜像的导入

cat   centos.tar | docker import  -  centos6

7.docker镜像的导出

[root@localhost ~]# docker export b277a4166ab8 >centosipshow
[root@localhost ~]# find / -name centosipshow
/root/centosipshow

8.运行centos容器输出“hello，world”

[root@localhost ~]# docker images | grep centos
ansible/centos7-ansible   latest              231b24a3be84        11 hours ago        400.5 MB
centos                    latest              0f73ae75014f        2 days ago          172.3 MB
[root@localhost ~]# docker run centos:latest echo "hello,world"
hello,world

9.查看centos latest的版本信息和网络信息

[root@localhost ~]# docker run centos:latest cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.1.1503 (Core)
[root@localhost ~]# docker run centos:latest ip addr show
22: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP
link/ether 02:42:ac:11:00:07 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.17.0.7/16 scope global eth0
inet6 fe80::42:acff:fe11:7/64 scope link tentative
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
24: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

10.在容器里启动一个交互式容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -i -t centos:latest /bin/bash
[root@bea707b2a8fe /]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.1.1503 (Core)

-t 表示打开一个终端的意思，-i表示可以交互输入

11.创建一个后台型容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d centos:latest /bin/bash -c "while true;do echo hello;sleep 1;done "
90eab2a7e8ececb30882627363407b471a4f0119f8771091bf45023d09bff10d
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
90eab2a7e8ec        centos:latest       "/bin/bash -c 'while   7 seconds ago       Up 3 seconds                            naughty_pike
2b3347837a45        ubuntu              "/bin/bash -c 'while   About an hour ago   Up About an hour                        modest_brattain
[root@localhost ~]# docker attach 90eab2a7e8ec
hello
hello
hello

　　

12.查看最后一个容器的状态

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -l
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS                      PORTS               NAMES
bea707b2a8fe        centos:latest       "/bin/bash"         12 minutes ago      Exited (1) 10 seconds ago                       gloomy_lovelace

13.查看所有容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                CREATED             STATUS                         PORTS               NAMES
bea707b2a8fe        centos:latest       "/bin/bash"            57 minutes ago      Exited (1) 45 minutes ago                          gloomy_lovelace
b277a4166ab8        centos:latest       "ip addr show"         About an hour ago   Exited (0) About an hour ago                       serene_wozniak
73c047bbe330        centos:latest       "cat /etc/redhat-rel   About an hour ago   Exited (0) About an hour ago                       grave_engelbart
bede20e06f63        centos:latest       "ip addr list"         About an hour ago   Exited (0) About an hour ago                       backstabbing_archimedes
c020c244cf45        centos:latest       "/bin/bash/ifconfig"   About an hour ago                                                      drunk_poitras
c0c0cd10496a        centos:latest       "ifconfig"             About an hour ago                                                      insane_feynman
c556e811dd9e        centos:latest       "echo hello,world"     About an hour ago   Exited (0) About an hour ago                       thirsty_curie
17c79f9e410f        centos:latest       "echo hello,world"     About an hour ago   Exited (0) About an hour ago                       backstabbing_galileo

　　容器ID 镜像 执行的命令 创建时间 状态 对外端口号 昵称

14.删除镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             VIRTUAL SIZE
ansible/centos7-ansible   latest              231b24a3be84        12 hours ago        400.5 MB
centos                    latest              0f73ae75014f        2 days ago          172.3 MB
ubuntu                    latest              91e54dfb1179        2 weeks ago         188.3 MB
<none>                    <none>              f1b10cd84249        4 months ago        0 B
[root@localhost ~]# docker rmi f1b10cd84249
Deleted: f1b10cd842498c23d206ee0cbeaa9de8d2ae09ff3c7af2723a9e337a6965d639

15.删除容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                CREATED             STATUS                         PORTS               NAMES
bea707b2a8fe        centos:latest       "/bin/bash"            About an hour ago   Exited (1) 50 minutes ago                          gloomy_lovelace
b277a4166ab8        centos:latest       "ip addr show"         About an hour ago   Exited (0) About an hour ago                       serene_wozniak
c020c244cf45        centos:latest       "/bin/bash/ifconfig"   About an hour ago                                                      drunk_poitras
[root@localhost ~]# docker rm c020c244cf45
c020c244cf45

16.删除所有容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker rm `docker ps -a -q`
1a73fe793f0a
c41b97e2fe06
101b802d8c5c

-a 列出所有容器 -q只列出容器的ID