利用JDBC实现java与MySQL数据库的连接及相关操作

利用JDBC实现java和MySQL数据库的连接，并实现增删改查等操作。

具体步骤分为：

一、将JDBC的驱动包添加到项目的classpath中

下载地址：http://mirrors.ibiblio.org/pub/mirrors/maven2/mysql/mysql-connector-java/5.0.8/mysql-connector-java-5.0.8.jar

二、实现具体的代码操作，打通数据库

1、 加载驱动程序

Class.forName(“com.mysql.jdbc.Driver”);

2、获取数据库连接

System.out.println(“Connecting to database…”);

Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USER, PASSWORD);

System.out.println(“Connected database successfully…”);

3、操作数据库,实现增删改查。

Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();

三、数据库基本操作

String sql = “此处添加SQL语句”;

stmt.executeUpdate(sql);//利用executeUpdate()方法执行。

以下代码示例中实现了数据库的创建、删除；表的创建、删除、插入、查询、更新以及where、like子句的使用。基本语句都一致，只是迭代过程。

package com.helen.jdbc;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.Statement;

/**
* @author helen
* 2015-9-1下午2:54:38
*
*/
public class JdbcRoad1 {
private static final String URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/students?characterEncoding=gbk";
private static final String USER = "root";
private static final String PASSWORD = "901230";

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
//1、加载驱动程序
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
//2、获取数据库连接
System.out.println("Connecting to database...");
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USER, PASSWORD);
System.out.println("Connected database successfully...");
//3、操作数据库,实现增删改查
Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();
//JDBC创建数据库
/*System.out.println("Creating database...");
String create = "CREATE DATABASE STUDENTS";
stmt.executeUpdate(create);
System.out.println("Database created successfully...");*/
//JDBC选择特定数据库：在URL中直接指定！
//JDBC删除数据库
/*String drop = "DROP DATABASE STUDENTS";
stmt.executeUpdate(drop);
System.out.println("Database deleted successfully...");*/
//JDBC创建表
/*String sql = "CREATE TABLE REGISTRATION " +
"(id INTEGER not NULL, " +
" first VARCHAR(255), " +
" last VARCHAR(255), " +
" age INTEGER, " +
" PRIMARY KEY ( id ))";
stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
System.out.println("Created table in given database...");*/
//JDBC删除表
/*String sql = "DROP TABLE REGISTRATION ";
stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
System.out.println("Table  deleted in given database...");*/
//JDBC插入记录
/*String sql = "INSERT INTO Registration " +
"VALUES (100, 'Zara', 'Ali', 18)";
stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
sql = "INSERT INTO Registration " +
"VALUES (101, 'Mahnaz', 'Fatma', 25)";
stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
sql = "INSERT INTO Registration " +
"VALUES (102, 'Zaid', 'Khan', 30)";
stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
sql = "INSERT INTO Registration " +
"VALUES(103, 'Sumit', 'Mittal', 28)";
stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
System.out.println("Inserted records into the table...");*/
//JDBC查询表记录
/*String sql = "SELECT id, first, last, age FROM Registration";
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
while(rs.next()){
//Retrieve by column name
int id  = rs.getInt("id");
int age = rs.getInt("age");
String first = rs.getString("first");
String last = rs.getString("last");
//Display values
System.out.print("ID: " + id);
System.out.print(", Age: " + age);
System.out.print(", First: " + first);
System.out.println(", Last: " + last);
}
rs.close();*/
//JDBC更新表记录
/*String sql = "UPDATE Registration " +
"SET age = 30 WHERE id in (100, 101)";
stmt.executeUpdate(sql);*/
//JDBC删除表记录
/*String sql = "DELETE FROM Registration " +
"WHERE id = 101";
stmt.executeUpdate(sql);*/
//JDBC WHERE字句
/*System.out.println("Fetching records with condition...");
sql = "SELECT id, first, last, age FROM Registration" +
" WHERE id >= 101 ";
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
while(rs.next()){
//Retrieve by column name
int id  = rs.getInt("id");
int age = rs.getInt("age");
String first = rs.getString("first");
String last = rs.getString("last");
//Display values
System.out.print("ID: " + id);
System.out.print(", Age: " + age);
System.out.print(", First: " + first);
System.out.println(", Last: " + last);
}
rs.close();    */
//JDBC LIKE子句
/*System.out.println("Fetching records with condition...");
String sql = "SELECT id, first, last, age FROM Registration" +
" WHERE first LIKE '%za%' ";
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);

while(rs.next()){
//Retrieve by column name
int id  = rs.getInt("id");
int age = rs.getInt("age");
String first = rs.getString("first");
String last = rs.getString("last");

//Display values
System.out.print("ID: " + id);
System.out.print(", Age: " + age);
System.out.print(", First: " + first);
System.out.println(", Last: " + last);
}
rs.close();*/
//JDBC排序
/*System.out.println("Fetching records in ascending order...");
String sql = "SELECT id, first, last, age FROM Registration" +
" ORDER BY first DESC";
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);

while(rs.next()){
//Retrieve by column name
int id  = rs.getInt("id");
int age = rs.getInt("age");
String first = rs.getString("first");
String last = rs.getString("last");

//Display values
System.out.print("ID: " + id);
System.out.print(", Age: " + age);
System.out.print(", First: " + first);
System.out.println(", Last: " + last);
}
rs.close();*/

}
}

笔者在创建数据库连接时，尝试多次都未成功，先期是驱动包未正确导入，解决以后又花费了一个来小时力气，最后查明原因，是数据库的用户名不正确。。。。所以说一定要仔细，要不会带来很大麻烦。