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C# 图片Base64 编码,图片格式转换

2015-08-31 17:46 399 查看
http://www.cnblogs.com/lindana/archive/2009/03/25/1421345.html

一. Base64的编码规则

Base64编码的思想是是采用64个基本的ASCII码字符对数据进行重新编码。它将需要编码的数据拆分成字节数组。以3个字节为一组。按顺序排列24 位数据,再把这24位数据分成4组,即每组6位。再在每组的的最高位前补两个0凑足一个字节。这样就把一个3字节为一组的数据重新编码成了4个字节。当所要编码的数据的字节数不是3的整倍数,也就是说在分组时最后一组不够3个字节。这时在最后一组填充1到2个0字节。并在最后编码完成后在结尾添加1到2个 “=”。

例:将对ABC进行BASE64编码:

1、首先取ABC对应的ASCII码值。A(65)B(66)C(67);

2、再取二进制值A(01000001)B(01000010)C(01000011);

 3、然后把这三个字节的二进制码接起来(010000010100001001000011);

4、 再以6位为单位分成4个数据块,并在最高位填充两个0后形成4个字节的编码后的值,(00010000)(00010100)(00001001)(00000011),其中蓝色部分为真实数据;

 5、再把这四个字节数据转化成10进制数得(16)(20)(9)(3);

 6、最后根据BASE64给出的64个基本字符表,查出对应的ASCII码字符(Q)(U)(J)(D),这里的值实际就是数据在字符表中的索引。

注:BASE64字符表:ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/

二.解码规则

解码过程就是把4个字节再还原成3个字节再根据不同的数据形式把字节数组重新整理成数据。

三. C#中的实现

 编码:

byte[] bytes = Encoding.Default.GetBytes("要转换的字符");
string str = Convert.ToBase64String(bytes);

解码:

byte[] outputb = Convert.FromBase64String(str);
string orgStr = Encoding.Default.GetString(outputb);

C#图片的Base64编码和解码 

图片的Base64编码:

System.IO.MemoryStream m = new System.IO.MemoryStream();

System.Drawing.Bitmap bp = new System.Drawing.Bitmap(@“c:\demo.GIF”);

bp.Save(m, System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Gif);
byte[]b= m.GetBuffer();
string base64string=Convert.ToBase64String(b);

Base64字符串解码:

byte[] bt = Convert.FromBase64String(base64string);

System.IO.MemoryStream stream = new System.IO.MemoryStream(bt);

Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(stream);

pictureBox1.Image = bitmap;

http://www.weste.net/html/200408/20040803QBI163429.html

把bmp图片转换为jpg图片(C#)

using System.IO;
using System.Drawing.Imaging;

public class imgConvert
{
private void BMPToJPG(string bmpFileName,string jpgFileName)
{

System.Drawing.Image img;
img=ReturnPhoto(bmpFileName);

img.Save(jpgFileName,ImageFormat.Jpeg);
}

private Image ReturnPhoto(string bmpFileName)
{
System.IO.FileStream stream ;
stream=File.OpenRead(bmpFileName);
Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap(stream);
System.Drawing.Image image = bmp;//得到原图
//创建指定大小的图
System.Drawing.Image newImage = image.GetThumbnailImage(bmp.Width, bmp.Height,null, new IntPtr());
Graphics g=Graphics.FromImage(newImage);
g.DrawImage(newImage,0,0, newImage.Width, newImage.Height); //将原图画到指定的图上
g.Dispose();
stream.Close();
return newImage;
}
}

http://www.csframework.com/archive/2/arc-2-20110617-1635.htm

 PNG ->JPG, BMP -> PNG按比例缩小图片

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.IO;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Drawing.Imaging;

namespace www.CSFramework.com
{
public class CImageLibrary
{
public enum ValidateImageResult { OK, InvalidFileSize, InvalidImageSize }

//检查图片大小
public static ValidateImageResult ValidateImage(string file, int MAX_FILE_SIZE, int MAX_WIDTH, int MAX_HEIGHT)
{
byte[] bs = File.ReadAllBytes(file);

double size = (bs.Length / 1024);
//大于50KB
if (size > MAX_FILE_SIZE) return ValidateImageResult.InvalidFileSize;
Image img = Image.FromFile(file);
if (img.Width > MAX_WIDTH || img.Height > MAX_HEIGHT) return ValidateImageResult.InvalidImageSize;
return ValidateImageResult.OK;
}

//按宽度比例缩小图片
public static Image GetOutputSizeImage(Image imgSource, int MAX_WIDTH)
{
Image imgOutput = imgSource;

Size size = new Size(imgSource.Width, imgSource.Height);
if (imgSource.Width <= 3 || imgSource.Height <= 3) return imgSource; //3X3大小的图片不转换

if (imgSource.Width > MAX_WIDTH || imgSource.Height > MAX_WIDTH)
{
double rate = MAX_WIDTH / (double)imgSource.Width;

if (imgSource.Height * rate > MAX_WIDTH)
rate = MAX_WIDTH / (double)imgSource.Height;

size.Width = Convert.ToInt32(imgSource.Width * rate);
size.Height = Convert.ToInt32(imgSource.Height * rate);

imgOutput = imgSource.GetThumbnailImage(size.Width, size.Height, null, IntPtr.Zero);
}

return imgOutput;
}

//按比例缩小图片
public static Image GetOutputSizeImage(Image imgSource, Size outSize)
{
Image imgOutput = imgSource.GetThumbnailImage(outSize.Width, outSize.Height, null, IntPtr.Zero);
return imgOutput;
}

/// <summary>
/// 由图片文件转字节
/// </summary>
public static byte[] GetImageBytes(string imageFileName)
{
Image img = Image.FromFile(imageFileName);
return GetImageBytes(img);
}

/// <summary>
/// 图片转字节
/// </summary>
public static byte[] GetImageBytes(Image img)
{
if (img == null) return null;
try
{
System.IO.MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
img.Save(ms, ImageFormat.Jpeg);
byte[] bs = ms.ToArray();
ms.Close();
return bs;
}
catch { return null; }
}

/// <summary>
/// 字节转图片
/// </summary>
public static Image FromBytes(byte[] bs)
{
if (bs == null) return null;
try
{
MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(bs);
Image returnImage = Image.FromStream(ms);
ms.Close();
return returnImage;
}
catch { return null; }
}

/// <summary>
/// 将其它格式的图片转为JPG文件
/// </summary>
public static Image ToJPG(Image source)
{
//注意,先定义Bitmap类,否则会报A generic error occurred in GDI+
Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap(source);
MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
bmp.Save(ms, ImageFormat.Jpeg);
return Bitmap.FromStream(ms);
}

/// <summary>
/// 将其它格式的图片转为PNG文件
/// </summary>
public static Image ToPNG(Image source)
{
//注意,先定义Bitmap类,否则会报A generic error occurred in GDI+
Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap(source);
MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
bmp.Save(ms, ImageFormat.Png);
return FromBytes(ms.ToArray());
}

//保存文件
public static void SaveFile(string fileName, Image source)
{
source.Save(fileName, source.RawFormat);
}

}
}
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