在Ubuntu下运行tinyhttpd及其测试例子

需要进行一定的修改，才能运行在ubuntu上面，httpd.c修改如下：

/* J. David's webserver */
/* This is a simple webserver.
* Created November 1999 by J. David Blackstone.
* CSE 4344 (Network concepts), Prof. Zeigler
* University of Texas at Arlington
*/
/* This program compiles for Sparc Solaris 2.6.
* To compile for Linux:
*  1) Comment out the #include <pthread.h> line.
*  2) Comment out the line that defines the variable newthread.
*  3) Comment out the two lines that run pthread_create().
*  4) Uncomment the line that runs accept_request().
*  5) Remove -lsocket from the Makefile.
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <strings.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
//#include <pthread.h>
//需要执行chmod 444 htdocs/index.html,去掉index.html的可执行属性，否则会被当成cgi脚本来执行
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#define ISspace(x) isspace((int)(x))

#define SERVER_STRING "Server: jdbhttpd/0.1.0\r\n"

void accept_request(int);
void bad_request(int);
void cat(int, FILE *);
void cannot_execute(int);
void error_die(const char *);
void execute_cgi(int, const char *, const char *, const char *);
int get_line(int, char *, int);
void headers(int, const char *);
void not_found(int);
void serve_file(int, const char *);
int startup(u_short *);
void unimplemented(int);

/**********************************************************************/
/* A request has caused a call to accept() on the server port to
* return.  Process the request appropriately.
* Parameters: the socket connected to the client */
/**********************************************************************/
void accept_request(int client)
{
char buf[1024];
int numchars;
char method[255];
char url[255];
char path[512];
size_t i, j;
struct stat st;
int cgi = 0;      /* becomes true if server decides this is a CGI
* program */
char *query_string = NULL;

numchars = get_line(client, buf, sizeof(buf));
i = 0; j = 0;
while (!ISspace(buf[j]) && (i < sizeof(method) - 1))
{
method[i] = buf[j];
i++; j++;
}
method[i] = '\0';
/*strcasecmp -- 忽略大小写的字符串比较*/
/*method -- GET or POST*/
if (strcasecmp(method, "GET") && strcasecmp(method, "POST"))
{
unimplemented(client);
return;
}

if (strcasecmp(method, "POST") == 0)
cgi = 1;
/*GET http://photo.test.com/inc/global.js HTTP/1.1*/
/*POST http://www.test.comt/upload_attach?uidl=%3C HTTP/1.1*/
i = 0;
while (ISspace(buf[j]) && (j < sizeof(buf)))
j++;
while (!ISspace(buf[j]) && (i < sizeof(url) - 1) && (j < sizeof(buf)))
{
url[i] = buf[j];
i++; j++;
}
/*url for http://photo.test.com/inc/global.js or http://www.test.comt/upload_attach?uidl=%3C*/ url[i] = '\0';
if (strcasecmp(method, "GET") == 0)
{
query_string = url;
while ((*query_string != '?') && (*query_string != '\0'))
query_string++;
if (*query_string == '?')
{
cgi = 1;
*query_string = '\0';
query_string++;
}
}
/**/
sprintf(path, "htdocs%s", url);
if (path[strlen(path) - 1] == '/')
strcat(path, "index.html");
if (stat(path, &st) == -1) {/*在本地服务器里面查找指定的文件*/
while ((numchars > 0) && strcmp("\n", buf))  /* read & discard headers */
numchars = get_line(client, buf, sizeof(buf));
not_found(client);
}
else
{
if ((st.st_mode & S_IFMT) == S_IFDIR)
strcat(path, "/index.html");
if ((st.st_mode & S_IXUSR) ||
(st.st_mode & S_IXGRP) ||
(st.st_mode & S_IXOTH)    ){
cgi = 1;
}
if (!cgi)
serve_file(client, path);
else
execute_cgi(client, path, method, query_string);
}

close(client);
}

/**********************************************************************/
/* Inform the client that a request it has made has a problem.
* Parameters: client socket */
/**********************************************************************/
void bad_request(int client)
{
char buf[1024];

sprintf(buf, "HTTP/1.0 400 BAD REQUEST\r\n");
send(client, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);
sprintf(buf, "Content-type: text/html\r\n");
send(client, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);
sprintf(buf, "\r\n");
send(client, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);
sprintf(buf, "<P>Your browser sent a bad request, ");
send(client, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);
sprintf(buf, "such as a POST without a Content-Length.\r\n");
send(client, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);
}

/**********************************************************************/
/* Put the entire contents of a file out on a socket.  This function
* is named after the UNIX "cat" command, because it might have been
* easier just to do something like pipe, fork, and exec("cat").
* Parameters: the client socket descriptor
*             FILE pointer for the file to cat */
/**********************************************************************/
void cat(int client, FILE *resource)
{
char buf[1024];

fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), resource);
while (!feof(resource))
{
send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), resource);
}
}

/**********************************************************************/
/* Inform the client that a CGI script could not be executed.
* Parameter: the client socket descriptor. */
/**********************************************************************/
void cannot_execute(int client)
{
char buf[1024];

sprintf(buf, "HTTP/1.0 500 Internal Server Error\r\n");
send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
sprintf(buf, "Content-type: text/html\r\n");
send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
sprintf(buf, "\r\n");
send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
sprintf(buf, "<P>Error prohibited CGI execution.\r\n");
send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
}

/**********************************************************************/
/* Print out an error message with perror() (for system errors; based
* on value of errno, which indicates system call errors) and exit the
* program indicating an error. */
/**********************************************************************/
void error_die(const char *sc)
{
perror(sc);/*打印错误信息*/
exit(1);/*退出当前进程*/
}

/**********************************************************************/
/* Execute a CGI script.  Will need to set environment variables as
* appropriate.
* Parameters: client socket descriptor
*             path to the CGI script */
/**********************************************************************/
void execute_cgi(int client, const char *path,
const char *method, const char *query_string)
{
char buf[1024];
int cgi_output[2];
int cgi_input[2];
pid_t pid;
int status;
int i;
char c;
int numchars = 1;
int content_length = -1;

buf[0] = 'A'; buf[1] = '\0';
if (strcasecmp(method, "GET") == 0)
while ((numchars > 0) && strcmp("\n", buf))  /* read & discard headers */
numchars = get_line(client, buf, sizeof(buf));
else    /* POST */
{
numchars = get_line(client, buf, sizeof(buf));
while ((numchars > 0) && strcmp("\n", buf))
{
buf[15] = '\0';
if (strcasecmp(buf, "Content-Length:") == 0)
content_length = atoi(&(buf[16]));
numchars = get_line(client, buf, sizeof(buf));
}
if (content_length == -1) {
bad_request(client);
return;
}
}

sprintf(buf, "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\n");
send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);

if (pipe(cgi_output) < 0) {
cannot_execute(client);
return;
}
if (pipe(cgi_input) < 0) {
cannot_execute(client);
return;
}

if ( (pid = fork()) < 0 ) {
cannot_execute(client);
return;
}
if (pid == 0)  /* child: CGI script */
{
char meth_env[255];
char query_env[255];
char length_env[255];

dup2(cgi_output[1], 1);
dup2(cgi_input[0], 0);
close(cgi_output[0]);
close(cgi_input[1]);
sprintf(meth_env, "REQUEST_METHOD=%s", method);
putenv(meth_env);
if (strcasecmp(method, "GET") == 0) {
sprintf(query_env, "QUERY_STRING=%s", query_string);
putenv(query_env);
}
else {   /* POST */
sprintf(length_env, "CONTENT_LENGTH=%d", content_length);
putenv(length_env);
}
execl(path, path, NULL);
exit(0);
} else {    /* parent */
close(cgi_output[1]);
close(cgi_input[0]);
if (strcasecmp(method, "POST") == 0)
for (i = 0; i < content_length; i++) {
recv(client, &c, 1, 0);
write(cgi_input[1], &c, 1);
}
while (read(cgi_output[0], &c, 1) > 0)
send(client, &c, 1, 0);

close(cgi_output[0]);
close(cgi_input[1]);
waitpid(pid, &status, 0);
}
}

/**********************************************************************/
/* Get a line from a socket, whether the line ends in a newline,
* carriage return, or a CRLF combination.  Terminates the string read
* with a null character.  If no newline indicator is found before the
* end of the buffer, the string is terminated with a null.  If any of
* the above three line terminators is read, the last character of the
* string will be a linefeed and the string will be terminated with a
* null character.
* Parameters: the socket descriptor
*             the buffer to save the data in
*             the size of the buffer
* Returns: the number of bytes stored (excluding null) */
/**********************************************************************/
int get_line(int sock, char *buf, int size)
{
int i = 0;
char c = '\0';
int n;

while ((i < size - 1) && (c != '\n'))
{
n = recv(sock, &c, 1, 0);
/* DEBUG printf("%02X\n", c); */
if (n > 0)
{
if (c == '\r')
{
n = recv(sock, &c, 1, MSG_PEEK);
/* DEBUG printf("%02X\n", c); */
if ((n > 0) && (c == '\n'))
recv(sock, &c, 1, 0);
else
c = '\n';
}
buf[i] = c;
i++;
}
else
c = '\n';
}
buf[i] = '\0';

return(i);
}

/**********************************************************************/
/* Return the informational HTTP headers about a file. */
/* Parameters: the socket to print the headers on
*             the name of the file */
/**********************************************************************/
void headers(int client, const char *filename)
{
char buf[1024];
(void)filename;  /* could use filename to determine file type */

strcpy(buf, "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\n");
send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
strcpy(buf, SERVER_STRING);
send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
sprintf(buf, "Content-Type: text/html\r\n");
send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
strcpy(buf, "\r\n");
send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
}

/**********************************************************************/
/* Give a client a 404 not found status message. */
/**********************************************************************/
void not_found(int client)
{
char buf[1024];

sprintf(buf, "HTTP/1.0 404 NOT FOUND\r\n");
send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
sprintf(buf, SERVER_STRING);
send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
sprintf(buf, "Content-Type: text/html\r\n");
send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
sprintf(buf, "\r\n");
send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
sprintf(buf, "<HTML><TITLE>Not Found</TITLE>\r\n");
send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
sprintf(buf, "<BODY><P>The server could not fulfill\r\n");
send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
sprintf(buf, "your request because the resource specified\r\n");
send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
sprintf(buf, "is unavailable or nonexistent.\r\n");
send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
sprintf(buf, "</BODY></HTML>\r\n");
send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
}

/**********************************************************************/
/* Send a regular file to the client.  Use headers, and report
* errors to client if they occur.
* Parameters: a pointer to a file structure produced from the socket
*              file descriptor
*             the name of the file to serve */
/**********************************************************************/
void serve_file(int client, const char *filename)
{
FILE *resource = NULL;
int numchars = 1;
char buf[1024];

buf[0] = 'A'; buf[1] = '\0';
while ((numchars > 0) && strcmp("\n", buf))  /* read & discard headers */
numchars = get_line(client, buf, sizeof(buf));

resource = fopen(filename, "r");
if (resource == NULL)
not_found(client);
else
{
headers(client, filename);
cat(client, resource);
}
fclose(resource);
}

/**********************************************************************/
/* This function starts the process of listening for web connections
* on a specified port.  If the port is 0, then dynamically allocate a
* port and modify the original port variable to reflect the actual
* port.
* Parameters: pointer to variable containing the port to connect on
* Returns: the socket */
/**********************************************************************/
int startup(u_short *port)
{
int httpd = 0;
struct sockaddr_in name;

httpd = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);/*创建一个TCP套接字*/
if (httpd == -1)
error_die("socket");
memset(&name, 0, sizeof(name));
name.sin_family = AF_INET;
name.sin_port = htons(11000);/*若端口为0,则系统随机选择一个未被使用的端口号,这里改为指定一个空闲的端口号*/
name.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);/*系统自动填入本机IP*/
if (bind(httpd, (struct sockaddr *)&name, sizeof(name)) < 0)/*socket绑定到制定的IP地址和端口号*/
error_die("bind");
if (*port == 0)  /* if dynamically allocating a port */
{
int namelen = sizeof(name);
/*获取主机名,从而获取分配的端口号*/
if (getsockname(httpd, (struct sockaddr *)&name, (socklen_t *)&namelen) == -1)
error_die("getsockname");
*port = ntohs(name.sin_port);
}
if (listen(httpd, 5) < 0)/*监听连接请求。5--backlog:系统维护的一个跟踪握手未完成的连接的队列的大小*/
error_die("listen");
return(httpd);
}

/**********************************************************************/
/* Inform the client that the requested web method has not been
* implemented.
* Parameter: the client socket */
/**********************************************************************/
void unimplemented(int client)
{
char buf[1024];

sprintf(buf, "HTTP/1.0 501 Method Not Implemented\r\n");
send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
sprintf(buf, SERVER_STRING);
send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
sprintf(buf, "Content-Type: text/html\r\n");
send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
sprintf(buf, "\r\n");
send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
sprintf(buf, "<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Method Not Implemented\r\n");
send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
sprintf(buf, "</TITLE></HEAD>\r\n");
send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
sprintf(buf, "<BODY><P>HTTP request method not supported.\r\n");
send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
sprintf(buf, "</BODY></HTML>\r\n");
send(client, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
}

/**********************************************************************/

int main(void)
{
int server_sock = -1;
u_short port = 0;
int client_sock = -1;
struct sockaddr_in client_name;
int client_name_len = sizeof(client_name);
//pthread_t newthread;

server_sock = startup(&port);/*创建一个socket,并监听TCP数据包.*/
printf("httpd running on port %d\n", port);

while (1)
{
client_sock = accept(server_sock,
(struct sockaddr *)&client_name,
(socklen_t *)&client_name_len);/*接收数据,并生成一个新的socket用于接收和发送数据*/
if (client_sock == -1)
error_die("accept");
accept_request(client_sock);
//if (pthread_create(&newthread , NULL, accept_request, client_sock) != 0)/*新建一个线程处理数据*/
//perror("pthread_create");
}

close(server_sock);/*关闭socket*/

return(0);
}

all: httpd

httpd: httpd.c
gcc -W -Wall -lpthread -o httpd httpd.c
clean:
rm httpd

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int sockfd;
int len;
struct sockaddr_in address;
int result;
char buf[] = "GET / HTTP/1.1\n\n\n";
char get[1024] = {0};
sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
address.sin_family = AF_INET;
address.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");/*本机IP地址*/
address.sin_port = htons(11000);/*tinyhttpd的端口*/
len = sizeof(address);
result = connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&address, len);
if (result == -1)
{
perror("oops:client:");
_exit(1);
}
write(sockfd,buf, sizeof(buf));/*发送请求*/
read(sockfd,get, sizeof(get));/*接收返回数据*/
/*打印返回数据*/
printf("-----------------------------show buffer -----------------------------\n");
printf("%s",get);
printf("----------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
close(sockfd);
_exit(0);
}