c++/tcl编程总结

一、 给Tcl脚本直接传递char*参数，Tcl脚本中的所有参数和结果都是char*类型
test.tcl

proc add {a b c} {
set d [expr $a + $b + $c]
return $d
}

test.cpp

// gettclvalueofvariable.cpp
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "iostream"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "string"
#include "tcl.h"
#include "assert.h"
#include "tclDecls.h"

#pragma comment(lib,"tcl85.lib")

using namespace std;

#define STRCMD_SIZE 50

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
         Tcl_Main(argc,argv,Tcl_AppInit);

         return 0;
}

int Tcl_AppInit(Tcl_Interp *interp)
{
         if (Tcl_Init(interp)==(TCL_ERROR))
         {
                   return TCL_ERROR;
         }
         if(Tcl_EvalFile(interp,"test.tcl")==TCL_ERROR)
         {
                   return TCL_ERROR;
         }

         char *str = "10";
         char *str1 = "11";
         char *str12 = "12";
         char strcmd[STRCMD_SIZE] = {0};
         sprintf(strcmd,"add %s %s %s",str,str1,str12);

         Tcl_eval_r(interp,strcmd);
         Tcl_GetVar(interp,"d",TCL_GLOBAL_ONLY);
         cout<<interp->result<<endl;
         char *p = NULL;
         p = interp->result;
         assert(p != NULL);
         cout<<"the value of p is: "<<p<<endl;
         return 1;
}

二、 由于tcl的参数是char*类型的，所以在本程序中直接传递的char*类型参数，但是在实际过程中，往往c++函数需要接收string类型的参数，并传递给tcl脚本，这就涉及到string转换成char*以及char*转换成string。这样从tcl中获得的值可以转换成string，并传递给其他c++模块。
三、 接收string类型的实参，转换成char*类型，传递给Tcl脚本；从Tcl脚本接收到char*类型的结

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "iostream"
#include "string"
using namespace std;
int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
         char* p = "hello";
         cout<<"the value of p is: "<<p<<endl;
         char m[10] = {0};
         string result;
         memcpy(m,p,sizeof(p)+1);
         result = string(m);
         cout<<"the value of m is: "<<m<<endl;
         cout<<"the value of result is: "<<result<<endl;
         return 0;
}

果后，转换成string，传递给其他c++函数。Tcl脚本同上例。

// 0906.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application.
//
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "tcl.h"
#include "string"
#include "iostream"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "assert.h"
#pragma comment(lib,"tcl85.lib")
#define ARRAYSIZE 30
using namespace std;
string callTcl()
{      
         Tcl_Interp *interp = Tcl_CreateInterp();
         //change string to char*
         string a = "123";                          //change a to char*
         char* str1 = const_cast<char*>(a.c_str());
         cout<<"the value of str1 is "<<str1<<endl;
         string b = "13";                          //change b to char*
         char* str2 = const_cast<char*>(b.c_str());
         cout<<"the value of str2 is: "<<str2<<endl;
         string c = "26";                            //change c to char*
         char* str3 = const_cast<char*>(c.c_str());
         cout<<"the value of str3 is: "<<str3<<endl;
         //call tcl and trans the char* to string and return
         if (Tcl_EvalFile(interp,"test.tcl") == TCL_ERROR)
         {
                   //return TCL_ERROR;
                   cout<<"call tcl error"<<endl;
         }
         char strcmd[ARRAYSIZE] = {0} ;
         sprintf(strcmd, "add %s %s %s", str1,str2,str3);
         Tcl_eval_r(interp,strcmd);
         char *p = NULL;
         Tcl_GetVar(interp,"d",TCL_GLOBAL_ONLY);
         cout<<"the value of interp->result is: "<<interp->result<<endl;
         p = interp->result;
         assert(p != NULL);
         cout<<"the value of p is: "<<p<<endl;
         //trans p to string type
         char result[60] = {0};
         memcpy(result,p,sizeof(p)+1);
         string sresult = string(result);
         return(sresult);
}
 
int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
         Tcl_Main(argc,argv,Tcl_AppInit);
         return 0;
} 

int Tcl_AppInit(Tcl_Interp *interp)
{
         if (Tcl_Init(interp)==TCL_ERROR)
         {
                   return TCL_ERROR;
         }
         string a;
         a = callTcl();//call callTcl function
         callTcl();
         cout<<"the value of a is: "<<a<<endl;
         return TCL_OK;
}

运行结果如下图： 四、 取名字空间中的值test1.tcl

package provide test1 1.0
namespace eval test1 {
         namespace export a
         variable n 5
         proc a {} {
                   variable n
                   set n 6
                   return $n
                   #puts $n
         }
}

test2.tcl

package provide test2 1.0
package require test1 1.0
namespace import test1::a
namespace eval test2 {
set b [a]
puts $b
}

用active tcl 可以运行test2.tcl，返回b的值为6，要想取得名字空间变量的值用set b test1::n即可。 五、 在调用tcl脚本并取值时没必要遵循int _tmain(int argc,_TCHAR* argv[] ){ Tcl_Main(argc,argv,Tcl_AppInit); return 0;} Int Tcl_AppInit(Tcl_Interp *interp){ call .tcl and get variable value}层次结构 只要在一般的函数里遵循初始化interp→调用tcl脚本→取值即可，下面是实例代码：test.tcl代码如下：puts "hello"proc test {} {set a 4return $a} C++代码如下： #include "stdafx.h"#include "iostream"#include "stdio.h"#include "string"#include "tcl.h"#include "assert.h"#include "tclDecls.h"#include "assert.h" #pragma comment(lib,"tcl85.lib") using namespace std;#pragma comment (lib,"tcl85.lib") int calltcl(); int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]){ calltcl(); return 0;} int calltcl() { Tcl_Interp *interp = Tcl_CreateInterp(); if (Tcl_Init(interp)==TCL_ERROR) { return TCL_ERROR; } if (Tcl_EvalFile(interp,"test.tcl")==TCL_ERROR) { return TCL_ERROR; } char strcmd[30] = {0}; sprintf(strcmd,"test");//get the value of a variable in namespace //sprintf(strcmd,"add %s %s %s",str,str1,str12);//get the value of a variable in proc Tcl_eval_r(interp,strcmd); Tcl_GetVar(interp,"a",TCL_GLOBAL_ONLY); cout<<interp->result<<endl; char *p = NULL; p = interp->result; assert(p != NULL); cout<<"the value of p is: "<<p<<endl;}运行结果截图： 【注】本部分中的.tcl脚本均和.exe在同一目录下，如果.tcl在某一个文件夹下，比如，test.tcl在testlib文件夹中，则：if (Tcl_EvalFile(interp,"test.tcl")==TCL_ERROR)改为if (Tcl_EvalFile(interp,"./testlib/test.tcl")==TCL_ERROR)即可 【Tcl同一个名字空间中两个不同过程实现变量共享】Tcl代码：namespace eval test { global b global testResult global c #---------------- proc test1 {} { global b global testResult set b 30123 set testResult 400 return $testResult } proc print {} { global b global c set c $b return $b } } #test::test1#test::print C++代码：#include "stdafx.h"#include "iostream"#include "stdio.h"#include "string"#include "tcl.h"#include "assert.h"#include "tclDecls.h"#include "assert.h" using namespace std;#pragma comment (lib,"tcl85.lib") int calltcl(); int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]){ calltcl(); return 0;} int calltcl(){ Tcl_Interp *interp = Tcl_CreateInterp();//interp负o责e获?取¨?b的Ì?值¦Ì if (Tcl_Init(interp)==TCL_ERROR) { return TCL_ERROR; } if (Tcl_EvalFile(interp,"tes01t.tcl")==TCL_ERROR) { return TCL_ERROR; } Tcl_Interp *interp1 = Tcl_CreateInterp(); if (Tcl_Init(interp1)==TCL_ERROR) { return TCL_ERROR; } if (Tcl_EvalFile(interp1,"tes01t.tcl")==TCL_ERROR) { return TCL_ERROR; } char strcmd[30] = {0}; char strcmd1[30] = {0}; sprintf(strcmd1,"test::test1"); sprintf(strcmd,"test::print");//get the value of b variable in namespace Tcl_eval_r(interp1,strcmd1);//获?取¨?testResult值¦Ì Tcl_eval_r(interp,strcmd1);//获?取¨?b的Ì?值¦Ì，ê?先¨¨执¡ä行D一°?次ä?test1过y程¨¬ Tcl_eval_r(interp,strcmd); Tcl_GetVar(interp1,"testResult",TCL_GLOBAL_ONLY); Tcl_GetVar(interp,"b",TCL_GLOBAL_ONLY); char *p = NULL; p = interp->result; assert(p != NULL); string value(p); cout<<"the value of b is: "<<p<<endl; char *p1 = NULL; p1 = interp1->result; assert(p1 != NULL); string value1(p1); cout<<"the value of testResult is: "<<p1<<endl;} 返回值： 【注】以下代码用同一个解释器一样获取相同结果#include "stdafx.h"#include "iostream"#include "stdio.h"#include "string"#include "tcl.h"#include "assert.h"#include "tclDecls.h"#include "assert.h" using namespace std;#pragma comment (lib,"tcl85.lib") int calltcl(); int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]){ calltcl(); return 0;} int calltcl({ Tcl_Interp *interp = Tcl_CreateInterp();//interp负o责e获?取¨?b的Ì?值¦Ì if (Tcl_Init(interp)==TCL_ERROR) { return TCL_ERROR; } if (Tcl_EvalFile(interp,"tes01t.tcl")==TCL_ERROR) { return TCL_ERROR; } char strcmd[30] = {0}; sprintf(strcmd,"test::test1"); Tcl_eval_r(interp,strcmd); Tcl_GetVar(interp,"testResult",TCL_GLOBAL_ONLY); char *p = NULL; p = interp->result; assert(p != NULL); string value(p); cout<<"the value of testResult is: "<<p<<endl; sprintf(strcmd,"test::print"); Tcl_eval_r(interp,strcmd); Tcl_GetVar(interp,"b",TCL_GLOBAL_ONLY); char *pb = NULL; pb = interp->result; assert(pb != NULL); string bvalue(pb); cout<<"the b value is:"<<endl<<bvalue<<endl; }