搭建Docker私有仓库的详细教程

1.Docker registry 说明
本文记录的个人完整搭建docker registry操作过程，官方虽然提供了Docker Hub作为一个公开的集中仓库，但是天朝的网络可想而知，第一次pull一个镜像不是失败就是时间很长，为了解决这个问题需要创建一个私有的仓库在本地pull 本地push。我使用的docker版本是:1.5.0

2、安装docker-registry

docker run -d -e SETTINGS_FL***OR=dev -e STORAGE_PATH=/tmp/registry -v /alidata/registry:/tmp/registry  -p 5000:5000 registry

# 如果本地没有下载过docker-registry，则首次会pull registry 运行时会映射路径和端口，以后就可以从/data/registry下找到私有仓库

3、客户端上的操作
#从本地仓库上获取有哪些镜像

curl -X GET http://registry.wpython.com:5000/v1/search  
curl http://registry.wpython.com:5000/v1/search {"num_results": 1, "query": "", "results": [{"description": "", "name": "library/centos6"}]}

# 拉取到本地

docker pull library/centos6

# tag 一个镜像

docker tag 8552ea9a16f9  registry.wpython.com:5000/centos6_x86_64.mini

# 将新的docker images push 到本地仓库

docker push registry.wpython.com:5000/centos6_x86_64.mini

4、加入nginx认证
Docker 启动监听端口后，使用的是 http，可以远程来管理 Docker 主机。
这样的场景存在弊端，API 层面是没有提供用户验证、Token 之类身份验证功能，任何人都可以通过地址加端口来控制 Docker 主机，为了避免这样的情况发生，Docker 官方也支持 https 方式，不过需要我们自己来生成证书。
新版本的docker 也强制必须使用https否则会报错

# 安装nginx过程略
创建一个登陆用户(如果没有htpasswd命令 请安装httpd-tools这个包)

htpasswd -c /alidata/server/nginx/docker-registry.htpasswd admin
New password: 
Re-type new password: 
Adding password for user admin

# 生成根密钥

cd /etc/pki/CA/
openssl genrsa -out private/cakey.pem 2048

# 生成根证书

openssl req -new -x509 -key private/cakey.pem -out cacert.pem

Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:Brijing
Locality Name (eg, city) []:Chaoyang
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:
Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) []:registry.wpython.com
Email Address []:

# 为nginx服务器生成ssl密钥

cd /alidata/server/nginx/ssl 
openssl genrsa -out nginx.key 2048

# 为nginx生成的证书签署请求

openssl req -new -key nginx.key -out nginx.csr

You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:Beijing
Locality Name (eg, city) []:Chaoyang
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:
Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) []:registry.wpython.com
Email Address []:

Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:
An optional company name []:

# 私有CA根据请求来签发证书

openssl ca -in nginx.csr -out nginx.crt

# 如果报如下错误：
Using configuration from /usr/local/ssl/openssl.cnf
/etc/pki/CA/index.txt: No such file or directory
unable to open '/etc/pki/CA/index.txt'
140137408210600:error:02001002:system library:fopen:No such file or directory:bss_file.c:398:fopen('/etc/pki/CA/index.txt','r')
140137408210600:error:20074002:BIO routines:FILE_CTRL:system lib:bss_file.c:400:

# 执行以下命令

cd /etc/pki/CA/
mkdir newcerts 
touch index.txt 
touch serial 
echo 01 > serial
cd -
 
openssl ca -in nginx.csr -out nginx.crt

Using configuration from /usr/local/ssl/openssl.cnf
Check that the request matches the signature
Signature ok
Certificate Details:
Serial Number: 1 (0x1)
Validity
Not Before: May 12 04:15:08 2015 GMT
Not After : May 11 04:15:08 2016 GMT
Subject:
countryName = CN
stateOrProvinceName = Beijing
organizationName = Internet Widgits Pty Ltd
commonName = registry.wpython.com
emailAddress = 739827282@qq.com
X509v3 extensions:
X509v3 Basic Constraints:
CA:FALSE
Netscape Comment:
OpenSSL Generated Certificate
X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:
B5:20:C7:47:26:D9:26:54:12:F7:36:7E:4E:3A:F0:D9:0E:2C:F7:BD
X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:
keyid:93:F7:86:72:1B:2B:24:CD:AF:24:EF:53:F4:E1:FA:EC:E7:70:1A:90

Certificate is to be certified until May 11 04:15:08 2016 GMT (365 days)
Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y


1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n]y
Write out database with 1 new entries
Data Base Updated

# 发现根证书

# cp /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt{,.bak}    备份以防出错
# cat /etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem >> /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt

# 创建nginx配置文件

# vi /alidata/server/nginx/conf/vhosts/www.wpython.com.conf
upstream docker-registry {
 
    server localhost:5000;
}
 
server {
     listen 8080;
     server_name registry.wpython.com;
 
     # enabled ssl
     ssl on;
     ssl_certificate     /alidata/server/nginx/ssl/nginx.crt;
     ssl_certificate_key /alidata/server/nginx/ssl/nginx.key;
 
     proxy_set_header Host       $http_host;
     proxy_set_header X-Real-IP  $remote_addr;
     client_max_body_size        0;
     chunked_transfer_encoding   on;
 
location / {
      
     auth_basic              "Restricted";
     auth_basic_user_file    docker-registry.htpasswd;
     proxy_pass http://docker-registry;   
 }
 
location /_ping {
  
     auth_basic off;
     proxy_pass http://docker-registry;   
}
 
location /v1/_ping {
     auth_basic off;
     proxy_pass http://docker-registry;  }
}

# 完成测试

# docker login https://registry.wpython.com:8080 Username: admin
Password: 
Email: 739827282@qq.com
Login Succeeded