（转）分布式中使用Redis实现Session共享(一)

　　上一篇介绍了如何使用nginx+iis部署一个简单的分布式系统，文章结尾留下了几个问题，其中一个是"如何解决多站点下Session共享"。这篇文章将会介绍如何使用Redis，下一篇在此基础上实现Session。

　　这里特别说明一下，其实没有必要使用Redis来解决Session共享。Asp.net提供了StateServer模式来共享Session，这里重复造轮子的目的1:熟悉Redis的基本知识和使用 2.学习和巩固Session的实现原理。

　　3.学习Redis应用场景

阅读目录

Redis安装配置

五种数据类型使用

封装拓展

总结

回到顶部

Redis安装配置

redis是一个key-value存储系统。和Memcached类似，它支持存储的value类型相对更多，包括string(字符串)、list(链表)、set(集合)、zset(sorted set --有序集合)和hash（哈希类型）。这些数据类型都支持push/pop、add/remove及取交集并集和差集及更丰富的操作，而且这些操作都是原子性的。在此基础上，redis支持各种不同方式的排序。与memcached一样，为了保证效率，数据都是缓存在内存中。区别的是redis会周期性的把更新的数据写入磁盘或者把修改操作写入追加的记录文件，并且在此基础上实现了master-slave(主从)同步。

　 最新版本的redis版本为3.0.3，支持集群功能。我这下载的是window版本的，实际场景都是安装在linux系统下的。下载地址：redis-2.8.19.rar 。更多下载地址：　

官网 ：http://redis.io/download MSOpenTech：https://github.com/MSOpenTech/redis dmajkic：https://github.com/dmajkic/redis/downloads

下载完成之后解压运行redis-server.exe就启动了redis了，启动后会在进程里面看到reids。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using ServiceStack.Redis;

namespace Com.Redis
{
/// <summary>
/// 来源：http://blog.wx6.org/2013/349.htm
/// </summary>
public class RedisBase
{
private static string[] ReadWriteHosts = System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["readWriteHosts"].Split(new char[] { ';' });
private static string[] ReadOnlyHosts = System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["readOnlyHosts"].Split(new char[] { ';' });

#region -- 连接信息 --
public static PooledRedisClientManager prcm = CreateManager(ReadWriteHosts, ReadOnlyHosts);

private static PooledRedisClientManager CreateManager(string[] readWriteHosts, string[] readOnlyHosts)
{
// 支持读写分离，均衡负载
return new PooledRedisClientManager(readWriteHosts, readOnlyHosts, new RedisClientManagerConfig
{
MaxWritePoolSize = 5, // “写”链接池链接数
MaxReadPoolSize = 5, // “读”链接池链接数
AutoStart = true,
});
}
#endregion

#region -- Item --
/// <summary>
/// 设置单体
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <param name="t"></param>
/// <param name="timeSpan"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static bool Item_Set<T>(string key, T t)
{
try
{
using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient())
{
return redis.Set<T>(key, t, new TimeSpan(1, 0, 0));
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
// LogInfo
}
return false;
}

/// <summary>
/// 获取单体
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static T Item_Get<T>(string key) where T : class
{
using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient())
{
return redis.Get<T>(key);
}
}

/// <summary>
/// 移除单体
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key"></param>
public static bool Item_Remove(string key)
{
using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient())
{
return redis.Remove(key);
}
}

#endregion

#region -- List --

public static void List_Add<T>(string key, T t)
{
using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient())
{
var redisTypedClient = redis.GetTypedClient<T>();
redisTypedClient.AddItemToList(redisTypedClient.Lists[key], t);
}
}

public static bool List_Remove<T>(string key, T t)
{
using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient())
{
var redisTypedClient = redis.GetTypedClient<T>();
return redisTypedClient.RemoveItemFromList(redisTypedClient.Lists[key], t) > 0;
}
}
public static void List_RemoveAll<T>(string key)
{
using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient())
{
var redisTypedClient = redis.GetTypedClient<T>();
redisTypedClient.Lists[key].RemoveAll();
}
}

public static int List_Count(string key)
{
using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetReadOnlyClient())
{
return redis.GetListCount(key);
}
}

public static List<T> List_GetRange<T>(string key, int start, int count)
{
using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetReadOnlyClient())
{
var c = redis.GetTypedClient<T>();
return c.Lists[key].GetRange(start, start + count - 1);
}
}

public static List<T> List_GetList<T>(string key)
{
using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetReadOnlyClient())
{
var c = redis.GetTypedClient<T>();
return c.Lists[key].GetRange(0, c.Lists[key].Count);
}
}

public static List<T> List_GetList<T>(string key, int pageIndex, int pageSize)
{
int start = pageSize * (pageIndex - 1);
return List_GetRange<T>(key, start, pageSize);
}

/// <summary>
/// 设置缓存过期
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <param name="datetime"></param>
public static void List_SetExpire(string key, DateTime datetime)
{
using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient())
{
redis.ExpireEntryAt(key, datetime);
}
}
#endregion

#region -- Set --
public static void Set_Add<T>(string key, T t)
{
using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient())
{
var redisTypedClient = redis.GetTypedClient<T>();
redisTypedClient.Sets[key].Add(t);
}
}
public static bool Set_Contains<T>(string key, T t)
{
using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient())
{
var redisTypedClient = redis.GetTypedClient<T>();
return redisTypedClient.Sets[key].Contains(t);
}
}
public static bool Set_Remove<T>(string key, T t)
{
using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient())
{
var redisTypedClient = redis.GetTypedClient<T>();
return redisTypedClient.Sets[key].Remove(t);
}
}
#endregion

#region -- Hash --
/// <summary>
/// 判断某个数据是否已经被缓存
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <param name="dataKey"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static bool Hash_Exist<T>(string key, string dataKey)
{
using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetReadOnlyClient())
{
return redis.HashContainsEntry(key, dataKey);
}
}

/// <summary>
/// 存储数据到hash表
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <param name="dataKey"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static bool Hash_Set<T>(string key, string dataKey, T t)
{
using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient())
{
string value = ServiceStack.Text.JsonSerializer.SerializeToString<T>(t);
return redis.SetEntryInHash(key, dataKey, value);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 移除hash中的某值
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <param name="dataKey"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static bool Hash_Remove(string key, string dataKey)
{
using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient())
{
return redis.RemoveEntryFromHash(key, dataKey);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 移除整个hash
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <param name="dataKey"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static bool Hash_Remove(string key)
{
using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient())
{
return redis.Remove(key);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 从hash表获取数据
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <param name="dataKey"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static T Hash_Get<T>(string key, string dataKey)
{
using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetReadOnlyClient())
{
string value = redis.GetValueFromHash(key, dataKey);
return ServiceStack.Text.JsonSerializer.DeserializeFromString<T>(value);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取整个hash的数据
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static List<T> Hash_GetAll<T>(string key)
{
using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetReadOnlyClient())
{
var list = redis.GetHashValues(key);
if (list != null && list.Count > 0)
{
List<T> result = new List<T>();
foreach (var item in list)
{
var value = ServiceStack.Text.JsonSerializer.DeserializeFromString<T>(item);
result.Add(value);
}
return result;
}
return null;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 设置缓存过期
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <param name="datetime"></param>
public static void Hash_SetExpire(string key, DateTime datetime)
{
using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient())
{
redis.ExpireEntryAt(key, datetime);
}
}
#endregion

#region -- SortedSet --
/// <summary>
///  添加数据到 SortedSet
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <param name="t"></param>
/// <param name="score"></param>
public static bool SortedSet_Add<T>(string key, T t, double score)
{
using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient())
{
string value = ServiceStack.Text.JsonSerializer.SerializeToString<T>(t);
return redis.AddItemToSortedSet(key, value, score);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 移除数据从SortedSet
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <param name="t"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static bool SortedSet_Remove<T>(string key, T t)
{
using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient())
{
string value = ServiceStack.Text.JsonSerializer.SerializeToString<T>(t);
return redis.RemoveItemFromSortedSet(key, value);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 修剪SortedSet
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <param name="size">保留的条数</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static int SortedSet_Trim(string key, int size)
{
using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient())
{
return redis.RemoveRangeFromSortedSet(key, size, 9999999);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取SortedSet的长度
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static int SortedSet_Count(string key)
{
using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetReadOnlyClient())
{
return redis.GetSortedSetCount(key);
}
}

/// <summary>
/// 获取SortedSet的分页数据
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <param name="pageIndex"></param>
/// <param name="pageSize"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static List<T> SortedSet_GetList<T>(string key, int pageIndex, int pageSize)
{
using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetReadOnlyClient())
{
var list = redis.GetRangeFromSortedSet(key, (pageIndex - 1) * pageSize, pageIndex * pageSize - 1);
if (list != null && list.Count > 0)
{
List<T> result = new List<T>();
foreach (var item in list)
{
var data = ServiceStack.Text.JsonSerializer.DeserializeFromString<T>(item);
result.Add(data);
}
return result;
}
}
return null;
}

/// <summary>
/// 获取SortedSet的全部数据
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <param name="pageIndex"></param>
/// <param name="pageSize"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static List<T> SortedSet_GetListALL<T>(string key)
{
using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetReadOnlyClient())
{
var list = redis.GetRangeFromSortedSet(key, 0, 9999999);
if (list != null && list.Count > 0)
{
List<T> result = new List<T>();
foreach (var item in list)
{
var data = ServiceStack.Text.JsonSerializer.DeserializeFromString<T>(item);
result.Add(data);
}
return result;
}
}
return null;
}

/// <summary>
/// 设置缓存过期
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <param name="datetime"></param>
public static void SortedSet_SetExpire(string key, DateTime datetime)
{
using (IRedisClient redis = prcm.GetClient())
{
redis.ExpireEntryAt(key, datetime);
}
}
#endregion
}
}

View Code
　使用很简单，几行代码

//会往主服务里面写入
RedisBase.Hash_Set<string>("PooledRedisClientManager", "one", "123");

//从服务里面读取信息
RedisBase.Hash_Get<string>("PooledRedisClientManager", "one");

连接池的初始化

private static string[] ReadWriteHosts = System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["readWriteHosts"].Split(new char[] { ';' });
private static string[] ReadOnlyHosts = System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["readOnlyHosts"].Split(new char[] { ';' });

#region -- 连接信息 --
public static PooledRedisClientManager prcm = CreateManager(ReadWriteHosts, ReadOnlyHosts);

private static PooledRedisClientManager CreateManager(string[] readWriteHosts, string[] readOnlyHosts)
{
// 支持读写分离，均衡负载
return new PooledRedisClientManager(readWriteHosts, readOnlyHosts, new RedisClientManagerConfig
{
MaxWritePoolSize = 5, // “写”链接池链接数
MaxReadPoolSize = 5, // “读”链接池链接数
AutoStart = true,
});
}

　 配置文件



回到顶部

总结

　　1.其实php,java等多种语言都能使用redis,在我接触的项目中见到使用redis做为消息队列和缓存组件，当然它的功能远不止于此。后面的文章将详细介绍redis的几个使用案例。

2.可以使用redis desktop manager管理工具查看服务器缓存中的数据



本篇文章用到的资源打包下载地址：redis_demo

　　svn下载地址：http://code.taobao.org/svn/ResidSessionDemo/

转自：http://www.cnblogs.com/yanweidie/p/4719692.html