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数据库表的查询操作实践演练(实验三)

2015-08-07 00:00 585 查看

继前两次的实验,本次实验以熟练掌握利用select语句进行各种查询操作:单表查询、多表连接及查询、嵌套查询、集合查询等,巩固数据库查询操作。

下面就跟着小编一起练习吧!

在实验一创建并插入数据的表(Student, Course,SC,Teacher,TC)的基础上,完成以下操作。

(1)将教师‘罗莉'的名字改为‘罗莉莉'。

update Teacher set tname='罗莉莉' where tname='罗莉'


(2)将两个同学(数据自己临时设置,用后即删除)的两门课程的成绩以运行sql程序文件的形式插入score表中。该题用以验证、理解和掌握关系模型的完整性规则;

插入:

insert into Score(sno,cno,grade) values ('04261006','C003','64')

insert into Score(sno,cno,grade) values('04261007','C004','79')


查询:

select sno 学号,cno 课程号,grade 分数from Score where sno=04261006 or sno=04261007;


删除:

delete from Score where sno=04261006 or sno=04261007;


(3)求每门课的平均成绩,并把结果存入average表(自行设计并创建);

CREATE TABLE average

(

cno CHAR(8),

avscore numeric(5,2),

constraint a1 primary key (cno),

constraint a2 foreign key (cno) references Course(cno),

)

insert into average(cno,avscore)

select distinct cno ,avg(grade) from Score group by cno


(4)将学生“马丽”的年龄改为24;

Update Student set 2014-year(Sbirth) 年龄 where Sname=' 马丽'


(5)将所有学生的szipcode属性列值填补上;

update Student set szipcode='221000'


(6)将average表中的所有课程的平均成绩置零;

update average set avscore='0'


(7)删除average表中的课程号为‘C007'的平均成绩记录;

delete from average where cno='C007'


(8)删除所有average表中平均成绩记录;

delete from average;


(9)建立一个临时学生信息表(tstudent),删除该表中的学号含‘101'的所有学生记录。

create  table  tstudent   ( Sno  char(8)  primary  key,     Sname  varchar(8)  unique );  

Delete  from  tstudent  where  Sno  like '001011%';


(10)查询全体学生的学号与姓名;

select sno 学号,sname 姓名from Student


(11)查询全体学生的学号、姓名、所属系;

select sno 学号,sname 姓名,sdept 系from Student


(12)查询全体学生的详细记录;

select * from Student


(13)查询全体学生的姓名及其年龄;

select sname 姓名,2014-year(sbirth) 年龄from Student


(14)查询全体学生的姓名、出生年份;

select sname 姓名,year(sbirth) 出生年份from Student


(15)查询所有修过课的学生的学号;

select distinct sno from Score

select distinct student.sno from Student,Score where Student.sno=Score.sno and Score.grade>0 ;


(16)查询“计算机系”班全体学生名单;

select sno,sname from Student where sdept='计算机系'


(17)查询查询所有年龄在23岁以下的学生姓名及其年龄;

select sname 姓名,2014-year(sbirth) 年龄from Student where 2014-year(sbirth)<23;


(18)查询考试成绩有不及格的学生的学号;

select distinct sno from Score where grade<60;


(19)查询年龄在20至22岁之间的学生姓名、系和年龄;

select sname 姓名,sdept 系,2014-year(sbirth) 年龄from student where 2014-year(sbirth) between 20 and 22;


(20)查询年龄不在20至22岁之间的学生姓名、系和年龄;

select sname 姓名,sdept 系,2014-year(sbirth) 年龄from student where 2014-year(sbirth) not between 20 and 22;


(21)查询“计算机系”和“电商系”的学生的姓名;

select sname from Student where sdept='计算机系' or sclass='电商系'


(22)查询既不是“计11”也不是“计61”班的学生的姓名和班级信息;

select sname,sclass from Student where sclass not in('计','计');

(23)查询学号为“04262002”的学生的详细情况;

select student.sno,sname,ssex,2014-year(sbirth),sclass,grade from Student,Score where Student.sno=Score.sno and Student.sno='04262002';


(24)查询学号以“04262”打头的学生信息;

select * from Student where sno like '04262%'


(25)查询所有姓“张”学生的学号、姓名、性别、年龄;

select sno 学号,sname 姓名,ssex 性别,2011-year(sbirth) 年龄from Student where sname like'王%'


(26)查询名字中第二个字有“海”字的学生的学号、姓名、性别、年龄;

select sno 学号,sname 姓名,ssex 性别,2011-year(sbirth) 年龄from Student where sname like '_田%'


(27)查询所有不姓“刘”学生的姓名;

select sname 姓名from Student where sname not like '刘%'


(28)查询课程号以“C”开头的最后两个字母为“05”的课程号和课程名;

select cno,cname from Course where cno like 'C%05'


(29)某些学生选修某门课程后没有参加考试,所以有选修课记录,但没有考试成绩,试查找缺少考试成绩的学生和相应的课程号;

select Student.sno,sname,cno from Student,Score where Student.sno=Score.sno and grade is NULL;


(30)查找全部有成绩记录的学生学号、课程号;

select sno, cno from Score where grade is not NULL;


(31)查找“计算机系”年龄在22岁以下的学生学号、姓名;

select sno ,sname from Student where sdept='计算机系' and 2014-year(sbirth)<22


(32)查找选修了“C001”号课程的学生学号及其成绩,查询结果按分数降序排序;

select student.sno,grade from student,Score where Student.sno=Score.sno and cno='C001' order by grade desc;


(33)查询全体学生情况,查询结果按所在系升序排列,对同一系中的学生按年龄降序排列;

select * from student order by sdept asc,2014-year(sbirth) desc;


(34)查询学生总人数;

select count(*) 人数from Student;


(35)查询选修了课程的学生人数;

select count(distinct sno)人数from Score;


(36)在所有课程中查询最高分的学生学号和成绩;

select sno,grade from Score where grade =(select max(grade)from Score )


select distinct a.* from Score a where a.sno IN (select top 1 Score.sno from Score where Score.cno = a.cno order by grade desc)


(37)查询学习“C001”课程的学生最高分数;

select max(grade)最高分数from Score where cno='C001'


(38)计算各个课程号与相应的选课人数;

select count(sno) 选课人数from Score group by cno;


(39)查询“计算机系”选修了两门课程以上的学生学号、姓名;

select Student.sno,sname from Student where Student.sno in

(select Student.sno from Student,Score where 

sdept='计算机系'and Student.sno=Score.sno group by Student.sno having count(cno)>=2);


(40)自然连接student和score表;

select student.*,Score.grade from student ,Score where student.sno=Score.sno;


(41)使用自身连接查询每一门课程的间接先行课(即先行课的先行课)

select a.cno,b.cpno from Course a,Course b where a.cpno=b.cno;


(42)使用复合条件连接查询选修“c001”号课程且成绩在90分以上的所有同学;

select sname,grade from student,Score where Student.sno=Score.sno and cno='C001' and grade>=90;


(43)使用复合条件连接查询每个学生选修的课程名及其成绩;

select Student.sno,sname,cname,grade from Course,Score,Student where Course.cno=Score.cno and student.sno=Score.sno;


(44)查询选修了全部课程的学生;

select Sname from Student where not exists (select *  from Course where not exists(select *  from Score where Sno=Student.Sno and Cno=Course.Cno))


(45)查询所有选修了C001号课程的学生学号、姓名;

select student.sno,sname from student,Score where student.sno=Score.sno and cno='C001';

(46)查询选修了课程C001或C007的学生学号、姓名;

[code]select student.sno,sname,cno from student,Score where student.sno=Score.sno and cno in ('C001','C007');


(47)查询“计算机系”的学生及年龄不大于23岁的学生;

select sno ,sname,2014-year(sbirth) age ,sclass from student where sdept='计算机系' or 2014-year(sbirth)<=23;


(48)查询既选修了课程C001又选修了课程C007的所有学生学号、姓名;

select student.sno,sname from student,Score where student.sno=Score.sno and cno='C001' and student.sno in (select student.sno from student,Score where student.sno=Score.sno and cno='C007')


(49)查询选修了课程名为“数据库原理”的学生的学号、姓名、性别、年龄;

select student.sno ,sname,ssex,cname,2011-year(sbirth) age from student,Score,Course where student.sno=Score.sno and Score.cno=Course.cno and cname='数据库原理';


(50)查询其他班中比“计算机系”所有学生年龄都小的学生名单;

select sno,sname ,2014-year(sbirth) age from student where 2014-year(sbirth)<(select min(2014-year(sbirth)) from student where sclass='计61')and sclass !='计61';


(51)查询与“夏天”在同一个系学习的学生学号、姓名、性别、年龄;

select sno,sname,ssex,2014-year(sbirth) age from student where sdept=(select sdept from student where sname='夏天') and sname!='夏天'


(52)建立“计算机系”学生的视图1;

create view view_student

as select sno,sname,ssex,sbirth,sclass from student where sclass='13z网络'


(53)建立“计算机系”学生的视图2,并要求进行修改与插入时,仍须保证该视图只有“计算机系”班学生;

create view view_student2

as select sno,sname,ssex,sbirth,sclass from student where sclass='13z网络' with check option;


(54)建立“计算机系”选修了“C001”课程的学生的视图,定义视图名为“v_cs_C001_student1”;

create view v_cs_C001_student1

as select student.sno,sname,ssex,sbirth,sclass from Student ,Score where 

student.sno=Score.sno and sclass='13z网络' and cno='C001';


(55)建立“计算机系”班选修了“C001”课程且成绩在90分以上的学生的视图,定义视图名为“cs_c001_student2”;

create view cs_c001_student2

as 

select student.sno,sname ,ssex,sbirth,sclass,cno from student,Score where 

student.sno=Score.sno and cno='C001' and sclass='13z网络'and student.sno in (select student.sno from student,Score where student.sno=Score.sno and grade>90)


(56)定义一个反映学生年龄的视图,定义视图名为“v_birth_student”;

create view v_birth_student

as

select sno,sname,2014-year(sbirth) age from student


(57)将学生表中所有女生记录定义为一个视图,视图名为“v_female_student”;

create view v_female_student 

as 

select * from student where ssex='女';


(58)将学生的学号及其平均成绩定义为一个视图,视图名为“v_average_student”;

create view v_average_student

as

select sno,avg(grade) avscore from Score group by sno;


(59)在“计算机系”学生视图中找出年龄小于22岁的学生;

select * from view_student where 2014-year(sbirth)<=22;


(60)利用视图查询“计算机系”选修了“C001”课程的学生;

select * from v_cs_C001_student1;


(61)通过(52)中的“计算机系”视图修改某个学生的名字;

update view_student set sname='王某某'where sno=04261001;


(62)通过(53)中的“计算机系”视图,插入一个新学生记录。

insert into view_student2(sno,sname,ssex,sbirth,sclass) values ('04262004','张某某','男','1987/11/09','计');


(63)通过(53)中的“计算机系”视图,删除一个学生记录。

delete from view_student2 where sno='04262004'and sname='张某某';


实验课结束了,相信通过本节课的实践操作,小伙伴们都对数据库表的操作有了更进一步的了解。

以上就是查询数据库表的基本操作,几乎涵盖了各种查询操作所遇到的情况,值得大家亲自操作一下,相信对大家的学习有所帮助。
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