项目实录之集成Spring MVC

摘要: Spring MVC是Java web开发中的瑰宝，本文给出一个使用Spring MVC的demo，一起领略一下Spring MVC的魅力吧！

阅读本文之前建议先阅读如下文章

项目实录之Maven工程搭建

一、Spring上下文配置文件

1、分别在common、dao、service三个模块下New - Source Folder，命名为src/main/resources，在resources目录下新建文件夹context。

2、新增context-*.xml文件

①在bottae-common/src/main/resources/context目录下新建context-common.xml文件，添加如下内容：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
</beans>

②在bottae-dao/src/main/resources/context目录下新建context-dao.xml文件，添加如下内容：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd">
<context:annotation-config />
</beans>

③在bottae-service/src/main/resources/context目录下新建context-service.xml文件，添加如下内容：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd"> 
<context:component-scan base-package="wang.wangci.bottae.service" />
</beans>

④在bottae-web/src/main/resources/context目录下新建context-web.xml文件，添加如下内容：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="wang.wangci.bottae.web" />

</beans>

3、web配置

在bottae-web的src/main/webapp/WEB-INF目录下新建dispatcher.xml文件，添加如下内容：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd"> <mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 注解探测器 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="wang.wangci.bottae">
</context:component-scan>
<!-- annotation默认的方法映射适配器 -->
<bean id="handlerMapping"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping" />
<bean id="handlerAdapter"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />
<bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"
class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 对静态资源文件的访问 -->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler />

<!-- 视图文件解析配置 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>

</beans>

修改web.xml文件的配置，修改之后大致内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
metadata-complete="false" version="3.0"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"> <!-- 加载Spring容器配置 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 设置Spring容器加载配置文件路径 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath*:context/context-*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 配置Spring核心控制器 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/dispatcher.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

<filter>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<async-supported>true</async-supported>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>

二、Spring MVC依赖配置

在父pom.xml中添加jetty插件，便于测试服务。添加如下配置：

<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.6</source>
<target>1.6</target>
<encoding>${project.build.sourceEncoding}</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!-- jetty插件 -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId>
<artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>8.1.11.v20130520</version>
<configuration>
<scanIntervalSeconds>0</scanIntervalSeconds>
<connectors>
<connector implementation="org.eclipse.jetty.server.nio.SelectChannelConnector">
<port>7777</port>
</connector>
</connectors>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>

添加Spring相关依赖，还有JDK依赖。

现在整个父pom.xml看起来是下面这个样子的：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>wang.wangci</groupId>
<artifactId>bottae-parent</artifactId>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<version>1.0</version>
<name>bottae-parent</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<modules>
<module>bottae-common</module>
<module>bottae-dao</module>
<module>bottae-service</module>
<module>bottae-web</module>
</modules>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<spring.version>3.2.3.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.6</source>
<target>1.6</target>
<encoding>${project.build.sourceEncoding}</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!-- jetty插件 -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId>
<artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>8.1.11.v20130520</version>
<configuration>
<scanIntervalSeconds>0</scanIntervalSeconds>
<connectors>
<connector implementation="org.eclipse.jetty.server.nio.SelectChannelConnector">
<port>7777</port>
</connector>
</connectors>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
<dependencies>
<!-- spring start -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- spring 依賴jackson -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
<version>1.9.7</version>
</dependency>
<!-- spring end -->

<dependency>
<groupId>javax</groupId>
<artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
<version>6.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>

三、新增视图文件夹

在web层的src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/下新建views文件夹。

四、测试工程

1、在common层新建类wang.wangci.bottae.common.Guid

package wang.wangci.bottae.common;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.util.UUID;
/**
* Project Name:bottae-common
* File Name:Guid.java
* Package Name:wang.wangci.bottae.common
* Author:huangjia
* Date:2015年7月28日下午5:35:11
*
*/
public class Guid {
private static SecureRandom random = new SecureRandom();
/**
* UUID, 通过Random数字生成, 中间无-分割.
*/
public static String g() {
return g2().replaceAll("-", "");
}
/**
* UUID, 通过Random数字生成, 中间有-分割.
*/
public static String g2() {
return UUID.randomUUID().toString().toUpperCase();
}
/**
* 使用SecureRandom随机生成Long.
*/
public static long randomLong() {
return Math.abs(random.nextLong());
}
}

2、在service层新建接口wang.wangci.bottae.service.UUIDservice

package wang.wangci.bottae.service;
/**
* Project Name:bottae-service
* File Name:UUIDService.java
* Package Name:wang.wangci.bottae.service
* Author:huangjia
* Date:2015年7月28日下午5:38:36
*
*/
public interface UUIDService {
public String uuid();
}

3、在service层新建UUIDService的实现类wang.wangci.bottae.service.impl.UUIDServiceImpl

package wang.wangci.bottae.service.impl;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import wang.wangci.bottae.common.Guid;
import wang.wangci.bottae.service.UUIDService;
/**
* Project Name:bottae-service
* File Name:UUIDService.java
* Package Name:wang.wangci.bottae.service.impl
* Author:huangjia
* Date:2015年7月28日下午5:40:37
*
*/
@Component
public class UUIDServiceImpl implements UUIDService{
public String uuid() {
return Guid.g();
}

}

4、在web层新建wang.wangci.bottae.web.controllers.UUIDController类
package wang.wangci.bottae.web.controllers;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import wang.wangci.bottae.service.UUIDService;
/**
* Project Name:bottae-web
* File Name:UUIDController.java
* Package Name:wang.wangci.bottae.web.controllers
* Author:huangjia
* Date:2015年7月28日下午5:42:44
*
*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/uuid")
public class UUIDController {

@Resource
private UUIDService uuidService;

@RequestMapping("/get")
@ResponseBody
public String get(){
return uuidService.uuid();
}

@RequestMapping("/page")
public String page(ModelMap model){
model.addAttribute("uuid", uuidService.uuid());
return "uuid";
}
}

5、在views目录下新建uuid.jsp

<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>UUID</title>
</head>
<body>
恭喜你，成功得到了該頁面。你拿到的UUID是：

<b>${uuid}</b>
</body>
</html>

五、访问服务

命令行进入bottae目录执行下面两个命令：

mvn clean install
cd bottae-web
mvn jetty:run

服务起来之后：
访问http://localhost:7777/uuid/page ，如果得到了JSP页面的内容，并且${uuid}被uuid内容给替换了，说明成功了。
访问http://localhost:7777/uuid/get ，如果得到了一串uuid，说明成功了。

本文源码：

360云盘下载 访问密码 bae6

进入我的个人网站查看原文