ORACLE PL/SQL 过程

过程
练习 1:导入型形式参数（in类型）
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE raise_salary
(p_id IN emp.empno%TYPE)
IS
--变量声明
BEGIN
UPDATE emp SET sal = sal * 1.1
WHERE empno = p_id;
END raise_salary;
/
--存储过程的调用:
EXECUTE raise_salary (7839);

declare
v_empno emp.empno%type :=&p_empno;
begin
RAISE_SALARY(v_empno);
end;
/

SQL>SHOW ERROR --查看编译错误;

插入数据:
create sequence seq_empno start with 7935;
create or replace procedure p3
(p_ename in emp.ename%type,
p_job emp.job%type default 'CLERK',
p_mgr emp.mgr%type default 7698,
p_hiredate date default sysdate,
p_sal emp.sal%type default 1000,
p_comm emp.comm%type default null,
p_deptno emp.deptno%type default 30)
is
begin
insert into emp values (seq_empno.nextval,
p_ename,
p_job,
p_mgr,
P_HIREDATE,
p_sal,
p_comm,
p_deptno);
end;
/

自治事务:
create or replace procedure p4
(v_sal emp.sal%type,v_empno emp.empno%type)
is
PRAGMA Autonomous_transaction;
begin
update emp set sal=v_sal where empno=v_empno;
commit;
end p4;
/

练习 2:导出型形式参数（out类型）
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE query_emp
(p_id IN emp.empno%TYPE,
p_name OUT emp.ename%TYPE,
p_salary OUT emp.sal%TYPE,
p_comm OUT emp.comm%TYPE)
IS
BEGIN
SELECT ename, sal, comm
INTO p_name, p_salary, p_comm
FROM emp
WHERE empno = p_id;
END query_emp;
/

VARIABLE g_name VARCHAR2(25)
VARIABLE g_sal NUMBER
VARIABLE g_comm NUMBER
EXECUTE query_emp(7369, :g_name, :g_sal, :g_comm);
PRINT

declare
v_empno emp.empno%type:=7499;
v_sal emp.sal%type;
v_ename emp.ename%type;
v_comm emp.comm%type;
begin
query_emp(v_empno,v_ename,v_sal,v_comm);
dbms_output.put_line(v_ename||' '||v_sal||' '||v_comm);
end;
/

练习 3:导入/导出型形式参数（in/out类型）
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE format_phone
(p_phone_no in out VARCHAR2)
IS
BEGIN
p_phone_no := '(' || SUBSTR(p_phone_no,1,3) ||
')' || SUBSTR(p_phone_no,4,3) ||
'-' || SUBSTR(p_phone_no,7);
END format_phone;
/

VARIABLE g_phone_no VARCHAR2(15)

exec :g_phone_no:='8006330575';

PRINT g_phone_no
EXECUTE format_phone (:g_phone_no)
PRINT g_phone_no

练习 4:带有default值的参数
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE add_dept
(p_name IN dept.dname%TYPE DEFAULT 'unknown',
p_loc IN dept.loc%TYPE DEFAULT 'BJ')
IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO dept(deptno,
dname, loc)
VALUES (departments_seq.NEXTVAL, p_name, p_loc);
END add_dept;
/

create sequence departments_seq start with 50;

BEGIN
add_dept;
add_dept ('TRAINING', 'SH');
END;
/

练习 5:校验数据存在否
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE valid_deptno
(v_deptno IN d.deptno%TYPE,V_RETURN OUT BOOLEAN)
IS
v_dummy VARCHAR2(1);
BEGIN
SELECT 'x'
INTO v_dummy
FROM d
WHERE deptno = v_deptno;
IF SQL%FOUND THEN
V_RETURN:=TRUE;
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
V_RETURN:=FALSE;
END valid_deptno;
/

DECLARE
V_FLAG BOOLEAN;
BEGIN
valid_deptno(90,V_FLAG);
if v_flag then
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The department exist!');
else
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The department not exist!');
end if;
END;
/

练习 6:创建增加雇员的过程
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE new_emp
(v_ename emp.ename%TYPE,
v_job emp.job%TYPE DEFAULT 'SALESMAN',
v_mgr emp.mgr%TYPE DEFAULT 7839,
v_sal emp.sal%TYPE DEFAULT 1000,
v_comm emp.comm%TYPE DEFAULT 0,
v_deptno emp.deptno%TYPE DEFAULT 30)
IS
V_FLAG BOOLEAN;
BEGIN
valid_deptno(v_deptno,V_FLAG);
IF V_FLAG THEN
INSERT INTO emp
VALUES (seq_empno.NEXTVAL, v_ename, v_job, v_mgr,
TRUNC (SYSDATE, 'DD'), v_sal, v_comm, v_deptno);
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Invalid Deptno ,try again!');
END IF;
END new_emp;
/

练习 7:分页查询
create or replace procedure TABLEPAGE_SELECT
(v_page_size number,v_current_page number)
as
cursor c(v_page_size number,v_current_page number) is SELECT *
FROM (select rownum rn,emp.*
FROM emp WHERE rownum <= v_page_size*v_current_page)
WHERE rn >= (v_page_size*v_current_page-(v_page_size-1));
begin
dbms_output.put_line('pagesize : '||v_page_size||' rows');
dbms_output.put_line('current page : '||v_current_page||' page');
for r in c(v_page_size,v_current_page) loop
dbms_output.put_line('employee name : '||r.ename||' employee''s salary : '||r.sal);
end loop;
end;
/

exec TABLEPAGE_SELECT(5,2);

练习 8:本地动态SQL语句(execute immediate)
使用动态SQL创建表，建表权限不能通过角色获得！

create or replace procedure proc_test
(
　　table_name in varchar2,　　 --表名
　　field1 in varchar2,　　　　　--字段名
　　datatype1 in varchar2,　　　--字段类型
　　field2 in varchar2,　　　　　--字段名
　　datatype2 in varchar2　　　 --字段类型
) as
　　str_sql varchar2(500);
begin
　　str_sql:='create table '||table_name||'('||field1||' '||datatype1||','||field2||' '||datatype2||')';
　　execute immediate str_sql;　 --动态执行DDL语句
　　exception
　　　　when others then
　　　　　　null;
end ;
/

SQL> execute proc_test('dinya_test','id','number(8) not null','name','varchar2(100)');

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed

SQL> desc dinya_test;
Name Type　　　　　Nullable Default Comments
---- ------------- -------- ------- --------
ID　 NUMBER(8)

NAME VARCHAR2(100) Y

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
create or replace procedure drop_table
(v_table_name in varchar2)
is
dyn_cur number;
dyn_err varchar2(255);
begin
dyn_cur := dbms_sql.open_cursor;
dbms_sql.parse(dyn_cur,'drop table '||
v_table_name||' purge',dbms_sql.native);
dbms_sql.close_cursor(dyn_cur);
exception
when others then dyn_err := sqlerrm;
dbms_sql.close_cursor(dyn_cur);
raise_application_error(-20600,dyn_err);
end drop_table;
/

select object_name,object_type from user_objects where object_type in ('PROCEDURE','FUNCTION');
查看过程的源代码:
select text from user_source where name='TABLEPAGE_SELECT';

为procedure加密:
wrap iname=1.sql
sql>@1.plb