第二章：MongoDB简单的增删改查



一： Insert操作

① 单条插入

var single={

"name":"tom",
"password":"123456",
"age":24,
"address":{"province":"hubei","city":"shiyan"},
"loves":["eat","play","drink"]

}

var single2={

"name":"tom2",
"password":"123456",
"age":20,
"address":{"province":"shenzhen","city":"dong guan"},
"loves":["eat","play","drink"]

}

var single3={

"name":"tom3",
"password":"123456",
"age":20,
"address":{"province":"hunan","city":"changsha"},
"loves":["eat","play","drink"]

}

var single4={

"name":"tom4",
"password":"123456",
"age":20,
"address":{"province":"guangdong","city":"shiyan"},
"loves":["eat","play","drink"]

}

var single5={

"name":"tom",
"password":"123456",
"age":44,
"address":{"province":"hubei","city":"shiyan"},
"loves":["eat","play","drink"]

}

> single.name='tom' 修改name为tom

tom
> single.age=22 修改年龄为22

> db.user.insert(single)

WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })

> db.user.find()

{ "_id" : ObjectId("55472bc5dd647b87c8344725"), "name" : "tom", "password" : "123456", "age" : 36, "address" : { "province" : "hubei", "city" : "shiyan" }, "loves" : [ "eat", "play", "drink" ] }

二：Find操作
日常开发中，查询用的比较多。

①： >, >=, <, <=, !=, =。

②：And，OR，In，NotIn

这些操作在mongodb里面都封装好了，下面就一一介绍：

<1>"$gt", "$gte", "$lt", "$lte", "$ne", "没有特殊关键字"，这些跟上面是一一对应的，举几个例子。

/ * find age>22 */

> db.user.find({"age":{$gt:22}})

{ "_id" : ObjectId("55472bc5dd647b87c8344725"), "name" : "tom", "password" : "123456", "age" : 36, "address" : { "province" : "hubei", "city" : "shiyan" }, "loves" : [ "eat", "play", "drink" ] }

/ * find age<22 */
> db.user.find({"age":{$lt:22}})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5547302ddd647b87c8344727"), "name" : "tom2", "password" : "123456", "age" : 20, "address" : { "province" : "hubei", "city" : "shiyan" }, "loves" : [ "eat", "play", "drink" ] }

/ * find age!=22 */

> db.user.find({"age":{$ne:22}})

{ "_id" : ObjectId("55472bc5dd647b87c8344725"), "name" : "tom", "password" : "123456", "age" : 36, "address" : { "province" : "hubei", "city" : "shiyan" }, "loves" : [ "eat", "play", "drink" ] }

{ "_id" : ObjectId("55472fa6dd647b87c8344726"), "name" : "tom", "password" : "123456", "age" : 36, "address" : { "province" : "hubei", "city" : "shiyan" }, "loves" : [ "eat", "play", "drink" ] }

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5547302ddd647b87c8344727"), "name" : "tom2", "password" : "123456", "age" : 20, "address" : { "province" : "hubei", "city" : "shiyan" }, "loves" : [ "eat", "play", "drink" ] }

/ * find age==22 */

> db.user.find({"age":20})

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5547302ddd647b87c8344727"), "name" : "tom2", "password" : "123456", "age" : 20, "address" : { "province" : "hubei", "city" : "shiyan" }, "loves" : [ "

eat", "play", "drink" ] }

<2> "无关键字“, "$or", "$in"，"$nin" 同样我也是举几个例子

/* find name='tom' && province='hubei'*/ 查询名字为tom 并且 province=湖北的记录

> db.user.find({"name":"tom2","address.province":"hubei"})

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5547302ddd647b87c8344727"), "name" : "tom2", "password" : "123456", "age" : 20, "address" : { "province" : "hubei", "city" : "shiyan" }, "loves" : [ "eat", "play", "drink" ] }

/* find province='hubei' || province='hunan'*/ 查询 province='hubei' 或者 province='hunan' 的记录

> db.user.find({$or:[{"address.province":"hubei"},{"address.province":"hunan"}]})

{ "_id" : ObjectId("55472bc5dd647b87c8344725"), "name" : "tom", "password" : "123456", "age" : 36, "address" : { "province" : "hubei", "city" : "shiyan" }, "loves" : [ "eat", "play", "drink" ] }

{ "_id" : ObjectId("55472fa6dd647b87c8344726"), "name" : "tom", "password" : "123456", "age" : 36, "address" : { "province" : "hubei", "city" : "shiyan" }, "loves" : [ "eat", "play", "drink" ] }

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5547302ddd647b87c8344727"), "name" : "tom2", "password" : "123456", "age" : 20, "address" : { "province" : "hubei", "city" : "shiyan" }, "loves" : [ "eat", "play", "drink" ] }

{ "_id" : ObjectId("55473380f2122f816c6dec17"), "name" : "tom2", "password" : "123456", "age" : 20, "address" : { "province" : "hunan", "city" : "shiyan" }, "loves" : [ "eat", "play", "drink" ] }

/* find province in ["hubei","hunan"]*/

> db.user.find({"address.province":{$in:["hubei","hunan"]}})

{ "_id" : ObjectId("55472bc5dd647b87c8344725"), "name" : "tom", "password" : "123456", "age" : 36, "address" : { "province" : "hubei", "city" : "shiyan" }, "loves" : [ "eat", "play", "drink" ] }

{ "_id" : ObjectId("55472fa6dd647b87c8344726"), "name" : "tom", "password" : "123456", "age" : 36, "address" : { "province" : "hubei", "city" : "shiyan" }, "loves" : [ "eat", "play", "drink" ] }

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5547302ddd647b87c8344727"), "name" : "tom2", "password" : "123456", "age" : 20, "address" : { "province" : "hubei", "city" : "shiyan" }, "loves" : [ "eat", "play", "drink" ] }

{ "_id" : ObjectId("55473380f2122f816c6dec17"), "name" : "tom2", "password" : "123456", "age" : 20, "address" : { "province" : "hunan", "city" : "shiyan" }, "loves" : [ "eat", "play", "drink" ] }

{ "_id" : ObjectId("55473382f2122f816c6dec18"), "name" : "tom2", "password" : "123456", "age" : 20, "address" : { "province" : "hunan", "city" : "shiyan" }, "loves" : [ "eat", "play", "drink" ] }

/* find province not in ["hubei","hunan"]*/

> db.user.find({"address.province":{$nin:["hubei","hunan"]}})

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5547369cf2122f816c6dec19"), "name" : "tom3", "password" : "123456", "age" : 20, "address" : { "province" : "guangdong", "city" : "shiyan" }, "loves" :[ "eat", "play", "drink" ] }

<3> 在mongodb中还有一个特殊的匹配，那就是“正则表达式”，功能很强大。

/* find name startwith 't' and endwith 'm' */

> db.user.find({"name":/^t/,"name":/m$/})

{ "_id" : ObjectId("55472bc5dd647b87c8344725"), "name" : "tom", "password" : "123456", "age" : 36, "address" : { "province" : "hubei", "city" : "shiyan" }, "loves" : [ "eat", "play", "drink" ] }

{ "_id" : ObjectId("55472fa6dd647b87c8344726"), "name" : "tom", "password" : "123456", "age" : 36, "address" : { "province" : "hubei", "city" : "shiyan" }, "loves" : [ "eat", "play", "drink" ] }

<4>$where 处理很复杂。

/* find name='tom2' */

> db.user.find({"name":"tom2"})

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5547302ddd647b87c8344727"), "name" : "tom2", "password" : "123456", "age" : 20, "address" : { "province" : "hubei", "city" : "shiyan" }, "loves" : [ "eat", "play", "drink" ] }

{ "_id" : ObjectId("55473380f2122f816c6dec17"), "name" : "tom2", "password" : "123456", "age" : 20, "address" : { "province" : "hunan", "city" : "shiyan" }, "loves" : [ "eat", "play", "drink" ] }

{ "_id" : ObjectId("55473382f2122f816c6dec18"), "name" : "tom2", "password" : "123456", "age" : 20, "address" : { "province" : "hunan", "city" : "shiyan" }, "loves" : [ "eat", "play", "drink" ] }

> db.user.find({$where:function(){return this.name=='tom2'}})

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5547302ddd647b87c8344727"), "name" : "tom2", "password" : "123456", "age" : 20, "address" : { "province" : "hubei", "city" : "shiyan" }, "loves" : [ "eat", "play", "drink" ] }

{ "_id" : ObjectId("55473380f2122f816c6dec17"), "name" : "tom2", "password" : "123456", "age" : 20, "address" : { "province" : "hunan", "city" : "shiyan" }, "loves" : [ "eat", "play", "drink" ] }

{ "_id" : ObjectId("55473382f2122f816c6dec18"), "name" : "tom2", "password" : "123456", "age" : 20, "address" : { "province" : "hunan", "city" : "shiyan" }, "loves" : [ "eat", "play", "drink" ] }

三：Update操作

<1> 整体更新

/* update tom age=33 */

> var tage=db.user.findOne({"name":'tom'})
> tage.age=33
> db.user.update({"name":"tom"},tage)

WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })

> db.user.find()

{ "_id" : ObjectId("55472bc5dd647b87c8344725"), "name" : "tom", "password" : "123456", "age" : 33, "address" : { "province" : "hubei", "city" : "shiyan" }, "loves" : [ "eat", "play", "drink" ] }

{ "_id" : ObjectId("55472fa6dd647b87c8344726"), "name" : "tom", "password" : "123456", "age" : 36, "address" : { "province" : "hubei", "city" : "shiyan" }, "loves" : [ "eat", "play", "drink" ] }

<2>上传大对象文件
mongofiles put testfile

D:\Program Files\mongodb\Server\3.1\bin>mongofiles put c:/quxian.sql 将c盘里面的quanxian.sql 这个文件上传到数据库

2015-05-05T15:25:39.442+0800 connected to: localhost

> show collections

fs.chunks --fs.chunks

fs.files --fs.files

persion

system.indexes

user

users

>

>db.fs.files.find() --查看files的详细信息
{ "_id" : ObjectId("554870730c94ed15dc000001"), "chunkSize" : 261120, "uploadDate" : ISODate("2015-05-05T07:25:39.995Z"), "length" : 223846, "md5" :

0757d86c8677", "filename" : "c:/quxian.sql" }

> db.fs.chunks.find() --查看文件的内容