HttpWebRequest和HttpWebResponse

HttpWebRequest

　　HttpWebRequest 类对 WebRequest 中定义的属性和方法提供支持，也对使用户能够直接与使用 HTTP 的服务器交互的附加属性和方法提供支持
　　不要使用 HttpWebRequest 构造函数。使用 WebRequest.Create 方法初始化新的 HttpWebRequest 对象

HttpWebResponse

　　决不要直接创建 HttpWebResponse 类的实例。而应当使用通过调用 HttpWebRequest.GetResponse 所返回的实例。您必须调用 Stream.Close 方法或 HttpWebResponse.Close 方法来关闭响应并将连接释放出来供重用。不必同时调用 Stream.Close 和 HttpWebResponse.Close，但这样做不会导致错误

示例代码

public string HttpRequest(string url, string xml)
{
string msg = string.Empty;
byte[] bytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(xml);

HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
request.PreAuthenticate = true;
request.AllowWriteStreamBuffering = true;
request.SendChunked = true;
request.ProtocolVersion = HttpVersion.Version11;
request.UserAgent = "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.2; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)";
request.Method = "POST";
request.ContentLength = bytes.Length;
request.ContentType = "text/xml";
request.Headers.Add("Authorization", "Basic " + Convert.ToBase64String(new ASCIIEncoding().GetBytes("username:password")));

//身份凭证
CredentialCache myCredential = new CredentialCache();
myCredential.Add(new Uri(url), "Basic", new NetworkCredential("username", "password"));
request.Credentials = myCredential;

//发送数据
using (Stream requestStream = request.GetRequestStream())
{
requestStream.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
}

//返回响应
HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();

if (response.StatusCode != HttpStatusCode.OK)
{
msg = String.Format("POST failed {0}", response.StatusCode);
}
else
{
Stream responseStream = response.GetResponseStream();
StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(responseStream,Encoding.GetEncoding("gbk"));
msg = sr.ReadToEnd();

sr.Close();
response.Close();
}

return msg;
}

参考文献：郑阿奇主编的《Visual C#网络编程》、MSDN。