win7平台下QT软件的打包与发布 (利用NSIS脚本制作安装包)

接上文：/article/11234400.html

上文介绍了如何查找Qt程序依耐性，如何利用NSIS 和 .zip文件制作简单的压缩包。上文所用的方法制作的安装包十分简单，连创建桌面快捷方式都没有。本文介绍如何使用NSIS脚本语言制作一个略微复杂的安装包。

下面是我使用的NSIS脚本语言范例，含有简单全面的功能，包括：

设置安装文件版本，公司，版权信息
安装拷贝指定文件
创建开始菜单，桌面快捷方式
创建卸载程序，并能在windows控制面板添加删除程序里卸载程序

脚本语言如下，程序名为Terminal：

; Terminal.nsi
;
; This script is based on example2.nsi,
; has uninstall support and (optionally) installs start menu shortcuts.
;
; It will install Terminal.nsi into a directory that the user selects,

;--------------------------------

; The name of the installer
Name "Terminal"

; The file to write
OutFile "Installer\TerminalInstaller.exe"

; The default installation directory
InstallDir C:\Terminal

; Registry key to check for directory (so if you install again, it will
; overwrite the old one automatically)
InstallDirRegKey HKLM "Software\NSIS_Terminal" "Install_Dir"

; Request application privileges for Windows Vista
RequestExecutionLevel admin

LoadLanguageFile "${NSISDIR}\Contrib\Language files\English.nlf"
;--------------------------------
;Version Information

VIProductVersion "0.0.0.1"
VIAddVersionKey /LANG=${LANG_ENGLISH} "ProductName" "Terminal"
VIAddVersionKey /LANG=${LANG_ENGLISH} "Comments" "A RS232 Terminal"
VIAddVersionKey /LANG=${LANG_ENGLISH} "CompanyName" "XXX Company"
VIAddVersionKey /LANG=${LANG_ENGLISH} "LegalTrademarks" "YYY is a trademark of XXX Company."
VIAddVersionKey /LANG=${LANG_ENGLISH} "LegalCopyright" "2015 (c) XXX company."
VIAddVersionKey /LANG=${LANG_ENGLISH} "FileDescription" "A RS232 Terminal"
VIAddVersionKey /LANG=${LANG_ENGLISH} "FileVersion" "0.0.1"

;--------------------------------

;--------------------------------

; Pages

Page components
Page directory
Page instfiles

UninstPage uninstConfirm
UninstPage instfiles

;--------------------------------

; The stuff to install
Section "Terminal (required)"

SectionIn RO

; Set output path to the installation directory.
SetOutPath $INSTDIR   ; root folder

; Put file there
File icudt53.dll
File icuin53.dll
File icuuc53.dll
File Terminal.exe
File qt_ca.qm
File qt_cs.qm
File qt_de.qm
File qt_fi.qm
File qt_hu.qm
File qt_it.qm
File qt_ja.qm
File qt_ru.qm
File qt_sk.qm
File qt_uk.qm
File Qt5Core.dll
File Qt5Gui.dll
File Qt5SerialPort.dll
File Qt5Svg.dll
File Qt5Widgets.dll
SetOutPath "$INSTDIR\iconengines"
File "iconengines\*.*"
SetOutPath "$INSTDIR\imageformats"
File "imageformats\*.*"
SetOutPath "$INSTDIR\platforms"
File "platforms\*.*"

; Write the installation path into the registry
WriteRegStr HKLM SOFTWARE\NSIS_Terminal "Install_Dir" "$INSTDIR"

; Write the uninstall keys for Windows
WriteRegStr HKLM "Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\Terminal" "DisplayName" "NSIS_Terminal"
WriteRegStr HKLM "Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\Terminal" "UninstallString" '"$INSTDIR\uninstall.exe"'
WriteRegDWORD HKLM "Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\Terminal" "NoModify" 1
WriteRegDWORD HKLM "Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\Terminal" "NoRepair" 1
WriteUninstaller "uninstall.exe"

SectionEnd

; Optional section (can be disabled by the user)
Section "Start Menu Shortcuts"

CreateDirectory "$SMPROGRAMS\Terminal"
CreateShortcut "$SMPROGRAMS\Terminal\Uninstall.lnk" "$INSTDIR\uninstall.exe" "" "$INSTDIR\uninstall.exe" 0
CreateShortcut "$SMPROGRAMS\Terminal\Terminal (MakeNSISW).lnk" "$INSTDIR\Terminal.nsi" "" "$INSTDIR\Terminal.nsi" 0

SectionEnd

Section "Desktop Shortcuts"

CreateShortCut "$DESKTOP\Terminal.lnk" "$INSTDIR\Terminal.exe" ""

SectionEnd

;--------------------------------

; Uninstaller

Section "Uninstall"

; Remove registry keys
DeleteRegKey HKLM "Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\Terminal"
DeleteRegKey HKLM SOFTWARE\NSIS_Terminal

; Remove files and uninstaller
Delete "$INSTDIR\*.*"
Delete "$INSTDIR\scripts\*.*"
Delete "$INSTDIR\iconengines\*.*"
Delete "$INSTDIR\imageformats\*.*"
Delete "$INSTDIR\platforms\*.*"

; Remove shortcuts, if any
Delete "$SMPROGRAMS\Terminal\*.*"
Delete "$DESKTOP\Terminal.lnk"

; Remove directories used
RMDir "$INSTDIR\iconengines"
RMDir "$INSTDIR\imageformats"
RMDir "$INSTDIR\platforms"
RMDir "$SMPROGRAMS\Terminal"
RMDir "$INSTDIR\scripts"
RMDir "$INSTDIR"

SectionEnd

解释：

11行，设定程序名

14行，指定生成的安装程序名和路径

17行，指定安装程序的默认安装路径

30-37行，指定安装程序的版本，公司名称，版权信息

56-102行，主安装选项，括号里的required表示这是必选安装选项。该栏目内指示安装程序安装指定文件，写入指定注册表值

103-109行，第二安装选项，开始菜单快捷方式，可选

111-115行， 第三安装选项，桌面快捷方式，可选

122往后，卸载步骤。注意一般要把一个目录内的文件都删除后才能删除该目录。所以先用delete命令，再用RMDir命令

使用说明：

把脚本文件XXX.nsi放于完整所需拷贝文件的源目录中

运行NSIS，主界面中选择左上角的Compile NSI scripts 。



之后的界面中选择file-load script，或单击左上角的打开按钮。



选择nsis脚本文件，nsis会自动执行该文件，如果没有语法错误，会自动生成TerminalInstaller.exe安装文件到Installer文件夹中。