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Java 的swing.GroupLayout布局管理器的使用方法和实例（转）

2015-05-25 23:20 357 查看
The following builds a panel consisting of two labels in one column, followed by two textfields in the next column:

JComponent panel = ...;
GroupLayout layout = new GroupLayout(panel);
panel.setLayout(layout);

// Turn on automatically adding gaps between components
layout.setAutoCreateGaps(true);

// Turn on automatically creating gaps between components that touch
// the edge of the container and the container.
layout.setAutoCreateContainerGaps(true);

// Create a sequential group for the horizontal axis.

GroupLayout.SequentialGroup hGroup = layout.createSequentialGroup();

// The sequential group in turn contains two parallel groups.
// One parallel group contains the labels, the other the text fields.
// Putting the labels in a parallel group along the horizontal axis
   // positions them at the same x location.
//
// Variable indentation is used to reinforce the level of grouping.
hGroup.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup().
addComponent(label1).addComponent(label2));
hGroup.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup().
addComponent(tf1).addComponent(tf2));
layout.setHorizontalGroup(hGroup);

// Create a sequential group for the vertical axis.
GroupLayout.SequentialGroup vGroup = layout.createSequentialGroup();

// The sequential group contains two parallel groups that align
// the contents along the baseline. The first parallel group contains
// the first label and text field, and the second parallel group contains
// the second label and text field. By using a sequential group
// the labels and text fields are positioned vertically after one another.
vGroup.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(Alignment.BASELINE).
addComponent(label1).addComponent(tf1));
vGroup.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(Alignment.BASELINE).
addComponent(label2).addComponent(tf2));
layout.setVerticalGroup(vGroup);


GroupLayout
是一个 
LayoutManager
，它将组件按层次分组，以决定它们在 
Container
中的位置。
GroupLayout
主要供生成器使用，但也可以手工编码。分组由 
Group
 类的实例来完成。
GroupLayout
支持两种组。串行组 (sequential group) 按顺序一个接一个地放置其子元素。并行组 (parallel group) 能够以四种方式对齐其子元素。

每个组可以包含任意数量的元素，其中元素有 
Group
、
Component
或间隙 (gap)。间隙可被视为一个具有最小大小、首选大小和最大大小的不可见组件。此外，
GroupLayout
还支持其值取自 
LayoutStyle
的首选间隙。

GroupLayout是一个很重要的是额布局管理器，在jdk 1.6才加入，配合其它的管理器可以实现很好的界面。


GroupLayout必须要设置它的GroupLayout.setHorizontalGroup和GroupLayout.setVerticalGroup。


GroupLayout.setHorizontalGroup是指按照水平来确定，下面例子“账号”和“密码”是一个级别的，其它的组件也是一个级别的。详情请看代码

GroupLayout.setVerticalGroup。是按照垂直来确定的。他们的级别是按照Group去设置组件的优先级别，级别越高就显示越上面。

GroupLayout.setHorizontalGroup(SequentialGroup(ParallelGroup(component)));

大概就是按照这个顺序去添加,当然不是就这么简单设置，多个component添加到ParallelGroup，然后多个ParallelGroup添加到SequentialGroup里面，

然后就设置到GroupLayout

下面的实例，设置GroupLayout.setHorizontalGroup，就是把2和4添加到一个ParallelGroup.addComponent(component)，其它1,3,5,6,7,8添加到另一个ParallelGroup，然后把这两个ParallelGroup按照顺序添加到SequentialGroup.addGrou(ParallelGroup);





import javax.swing.GroupLayout;
import javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPasswordField;
import javax.swing.JRadioButton;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
public class MyFrame extends javax.swing.JFrame {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyFrame f = new MyFrame();
}

JLabel label1;
JLabel label2;
JLabel label3;
JTextField tf;
JPasswordField psf;
JRadioButton rb1;
JRadioButton rb2;

JButton bt1;
JButton bt2;

public MyFrame() {
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(250, 220);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setLocation(400, 200);

label1 = new JLabel("快捷登陆");
label2 = new JLabel("账号：");
label3 = new JLabel("密码：");
tf = new JTextField();
psf = new JPasswordField();
rb1 = new JRadioButton("记住密码");
rb2 = new JRadioButton("自动登陆");
bt1 = new JButton("登陆");
// 为指定的 Container 创建 GroupLayout
GroupLayout layout = new GroupLayout(this.getContentPane());
this.getContentPane().setLayout(layout);
//创建GroupLayout的水平连续组，，越先加入的ParallelGroup，优先级级别越高。
GroupLayout.SequentialGroup hGroup = layout.createSequentialGroup();
hGroup.addGap(5);//添加间隔
hGroup.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup().addComponent(label2)
.addComponent(label3));
hGroup.addGap(5);
hGroup.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup().addComponent(label1)
.addComponent(psf).addComponent(rb1).addComponent(rb2)
.addComponent(tf).addComponent(bt1));
hGroup.addGap(5);
layout.setHorizontalGroup(hGroup);
//创建GroupLayout的垂直连续组，，越先加入的ParallelGroup，优先级级别越高。
GroupLayout.SequentialGroup vGroup = layout.createSequentialGroup();
vGroup.addGap(10);
vGroup.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup().addComponent(label1));
vGroup.addGap(10);
vGroup.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup().addComponent(label2)
.addComponent(tf));
vGroup.addGap(5);
vGroup.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup().addComponent(label3)
.addComponent(psf));
vGroup.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup().addComponent(rb1));

vGroup.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup().addComponent(rb2));
vGroup.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(Alignment.TRAILING)
.addComponent(bt1));
vGroup.addGap(10);
//设置垂直组
layout.setVerticalGroup(vGroup);
}
}

http://www.cnblogs.com/taoweiji/archive/2012/12/10/2812221.html 
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalStateException: javax.swing.JButton
[..]
is not attached to a vertical group


Add a vertical group and add the components to it.

From the JavaDocs:


GroupLayout
treats each axis independently. That is, there is a group representing the horizontal axis, and a group representing the vertical axis. The horizontal group is responsible for determining the minimum, preferred and maximum size along the horizontal axis as well as setting the x and width of the components contained in it. The vertical group is responsible for determining the minimum, preferred and maximum size along the vertical axis as well as setting the y and height of the components contained in it. Each 
Component
must exist in both a horizontal and vertical group, otherwise an 
IllegalStateException
is thrown during layout, or when the minimum, preferred or maximum size is requested.



http://stackoverflow.com/questions/10472044/regarding-group-layout

GroupLayout gl_composite = new GroupLayout(composite);
91.        gl_composite.setHorizontalGroup(gl_composite.createParallelGroup(
92.                GroupLayout.LEADING).add(canvas, GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, 468,
93.                Short.MAX_VALUE).add(
94.                GroupLayout.TRAILING,
95.                gl_composite.createSequentialGroup().addContainerGap(125,
96.                        Short.MAX_VALUE).add(button_1).add(68).add(btnbutton)
97.                        .add(131)));
98.        gl_composite.setVerticalGroup(gl_composite.createParallelGroup(
99.                GroupLayout.LEADING).add(
100.                gl_composite.createSequentialGroup().add(canvas,
101.                        GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, 479, Short.MAX_VALUE).add(48)
102.                        .add(
103.                                gl_composite.createParallelGroup(
104.                                        GroupLayout.BASELINE).add(btnbutton)
105.                                        .add(button_1)).add(81)));


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