Spring Boot开发之明月千城（一）

Spring Boot提供了一个强大的一键式Spring的集成开发环境，能够单独进行一个Spring应用的开发，其中：

（1）集中式配置（application.properties）+注解，大大简化了开发流程

（2）内嵌的Tomcat和Jetty容器，可直接打成jar包启动，无需提供Java war包以及繁琐的Web配置

（3）提供了Spring各个插件的基于Maven的pom模板配置，开箱即用，便利无比。

（4）可以在任何你想自动化配置的地方，实现可能

（5）提供更多的企业级开发特性，如何系统监控，健康诊断，权限控制

（6） 无冗余代码生成和XML强制配置

（7）提供支持强大的Restfult风格的编码，非常简洁

下面看一个入门级的例子：

pom依赖：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

<groupId>com.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>springboot</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.2.3.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>

核心代码：

package controller;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

/**
* Created by 三劫散仙 on 2015/4/24.
*/
@Controller
@EnableAutoConfiguration
public class HellowController {

@RequestMapping("/hellow")
@ResponseBody
public String hellow(){

return "哈喽，Spring Boot ！";
}

public static void main(String[] args) {
//第一个简单的应用，
SpringApplication.run(HellowController.class,args);

}

}

控制台输出：

D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\bin\java -Didea.launcher.port=7532 "-Didea.launcher.bin.path=D:\idea\ideainstall\IntelliJ IDEA 14.0.2\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath "D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\jre\lib\charsets.jar;D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\jre\lib\deploy.jar;D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\jre\lib\javaws.jar;D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\jre\lib\jce.jar;D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\jre\lib\jfr.jar;D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\jre\lib\jsse.jar;D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\jre\lib\management-agent.jar;D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\jre\lib\plugin.jar;D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\jre\lib\resources.jar;D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\jre\lib\rt.jar;D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\jre\lib\ext\dnsns.jar;D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\jre\lib\ext\localedata.jar;D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\jre\lib\ext\sunec.jar;D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\jre\lib\ext\sunjce_provider.jar;D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\jre\lib\ext\sunmscapi.jar;D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\jre\lib\ext\zipfs.jar;D:\idea\ideaworkspace\Springboot\target\classes;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-starter-web\1.2.3.RELEASE\spring-boot-starter-web-1.2.3.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-starter\1.2.3.RELEASE\spring-boot-starter-1.2.3.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot\1.2.3.RELEASE\spring-boot-1.2.3.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-autoconfigure\1.2.3.RELEASE\spring-boot-autoconfigure-1.2.3.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-starter-logging\1.2.3.RELEASE\spring-boot-starter-logging-1.2.3.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\slf4j\jcl-over-slf4j\1.7.11\jcl-over-slf4j-1.7.11.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\slf4j\slf4j-api\1.7.11\slf4j-api-1.7.11.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\slf4j\jul-to-slf4j\1.7.11\jul-to-slf4j-1.7.11.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\slf4j\log4j-over-slf4j\1.7.11\log4j-over-slf4j-1.7.11.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\ch\qos\logback\logback-classic\1.1.3\logback-classic-1.1.3.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\ch\qos\logback\logback-core\1.1.3\logback-core-1.1.3.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\yaml\snakeyaml\1.14\snakeyaml-1.14.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-starter-tomcat\1.2.3.RELEASE\spring-boot-starter-tomcat-1.2.3.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\apache\tomcat\embed\tomcat-embed-core\8.0.20\tomcat-embed-core-8.0.20.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\apache\tomcat\embed\tomcat-embed-el\8.0.20\tomcat-embed-el-8.0.20.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\apache\tomcat\embed\tomcat-embed-logging-juli\8.0.20\tomcat-embed-logging-juli-8.0.20.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\apache\tomcat\embed\tomcat-embed-websocket\8.0.20\tomcat-embed-websocket-8.0.20.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\com\fasterxml\jackson\core\jackson-databind\2.4.5\jackson-databind-2.4.5.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\com\fasterxml\jackson\core\jackson-annotations\2.4.5\jackson-annotations-2.4.5.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\com\fasterxml\jackson\core\jackson-core\2.4.5\jackson-core-2.4.5.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\hibernate\hibernate-validator\5.1.3.Final\hibernate-validator-5.1.3.Final.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\javax\validation\validation-api\1.1.0.Final\validation-api-1.1.0.Final.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\jboss\logging\jboss-logging\3.1.3.GA\jboss-logging-3.1.3.GA.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\com\fasterxml\classmate\1.0.0\classmate-1.0.0.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-core\4.1.6.RELEASE\spring-core-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-web\4.1.6.RELEASE\spring-web-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-aop\4.1.6.RELEASE\spring-aop-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\aopalliance\aopalliance\1.0\aopalliance-1.0.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-beans\4.1.6.RELEASE\spring-beans-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-context\4.1.6.RELEASE\spring-context-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-webmvc\4.1.6.RELEASE\spring-webmvc-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-expression\4.1.6.RELEASE\spring-expression-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar;D:\idea\ideainstall\IntelliJ IDEA 14.0.2\lib\idea_rt.jar" com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain controller.HellowController

.   ____          _            __ _ _
/\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
\\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
'  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
=========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
:: Spring Boot ::        (v1.2.3.RELEASE)

2015-04-24 01:12:41.399  INFO 4428 --- [           main] controller.HellowController              : Starting HellowController on qin-PC with PID 4428 (D:\idea\ideaworkspace\Springboot\target\classes started by qin in D:\idea\ideaworkspace\Springboot)
2015-04-24 01:12:41.458  INFO 4428 --- [           main] ationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@2923a47c: startup date [Fri Apr 24 01:12:41 CST 2015]; root of context hierarchy
2015-04-24 01:12:42.393  INFO 4428 --- [           main] o.s.b.f.s.DefaultListableBeanFactory     : Overriding bean definition for bean 'beanNameViewResolver': replacing [Root bean: class [null]; scope=; abstract=false; lazyInit=false; autowireMode=3; dependencyCheck=0; autowireCandidate=true; primary=false; factoryBeanName=org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration$WhitelabelErrorViewConfiguration; factoryMethodName=beanNameViewResolver; initMethodName=null; destroyMethodName=(inferred); defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/web/ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration$WhitelabelErrorViewConfiguration.class]] with [Root bean: class [null]; scope=; abstract=false; lazyInit=false; autowireMode=3; dependencyCheck=0; autowireCandidate=true; primary=false; factoryBeanName=org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.WebMvcAutoConfiguration$WebMvcAutoConfigurationAdapter; factoryMethodName=beanNameViewResolver; initMethodName=null; destroyMethodName=(inferred); defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/web/WebMvcAutoConfiguration$WebMvcAutoConfigurationAdapter.class]]
2015-04-24 01:12:44.399  INFO 4428 --- [           main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
2015-04-24 01:12:44.959  INFO 4428 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service Tomcat
2015-04-24 01:12:44.973  INFO 4428 --- [           main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.0.20
2015-04-24 01:12:45.332  INFO 4428 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2015-04-24 01:12:45.332  INFO 4428 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader            : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 3880 ms
2015-04-24 01:12:46.274  INFO 4428 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.e.ServletRegistrationBean        : Mapping servlet: 'dispatcherServlet' to [/]
2015-04-24 01:12:46.295  INFO 4428 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.embedded.FilterRegistrationBean  : Mapping filter: 'characterEncodingFilter' to: [/*]
2015-04-24 01:12:46.296  INFO 4428 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.embedded.FilterRegistrationBean  : Mapping filter: 'hiddenHttpMethodFilter' to: [/*]
2015-04-24 01:12:46.481  INFO 4428 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter : Looking for @ControllerAdvice: org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@2923a47c: startup date [Fri Apr 24 01:12:41 CST 2015]; root of context hierarchy
2015-04-24 01:12:46.542  INFO 4428 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/hellow],methods=[],params=[],headers=[],consumes=[],produces=[],custom=[]}" onto public java.lang.String controller.HellowController.hellow()
2015-04-24 01:12:46.544  INFO 4428 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error],methods=[],params=[],headers=[],consumes=[],produces=[],custom=[]}" onto public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity<java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.Object>> org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.error(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)
2015-04-24 01:12:46.545  INFO 4428 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error],methods=[],params=[],headers=[],consumes=[],produces=[text/html],custom=[]}" onto public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.errorHtml(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)
2015-04-24 01:12:46.595  INFO 4428 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2015-04-24 01:12:46.596  INFO 4428 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/webjars/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2015-04-24 01:12:46.639  INFO 4428 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**/favicon.ico] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2015-04-24 01:12:46.708  INFO 4428 --- [           main] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter        : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup
2015-04-24 01:12:46.829  INFO 4428 --- [           main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http)
2015-04-24 01:12:46.830  INFO 4428 --- [           main] controller.HellowController              : Started HellowController in 5.978 seconds (JVM running for 6.739)
2015-04-24 01:13:29.470  INFO 4428 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2015-04-24 01:13:29.470  INFO 4428 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet': initialization started
2015-04-24 01:13:29.486  INFO 4428 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet': initialization completed in 16 ms

默认的内嵌容器，为tomcat，当然这个我们可以随便指定，包括端口号，http访问

ok，至此，我们一个简单的http应用就开发完毕了，给人的感觉就是简直比用Python的Django和PHP还轻，而且还是我们十分熟悉的JAVA开发，所以与很多其他的JAVA开源项目相结合非常容易，比如Apache Lucene，Solr，Hadoop，Spark，ElasticSearch等，支持很多好处，不言而喻！