nagios监控软件的安装部署

1.平台及所用组件,
监控服务器:RHEL4(192.168.1.211)+nagios-3.2.0+ nagios-plugins-1.4.14+ nrpe-2.12
被监控端RHEL4 (192.168.1.212)+ nagios-plugins-1.4.14+ nrpe_2.12
内容简介
本文档介绍nagios监控linux服务器, 因为监控都是依靠插件去完成的，而监控linux主要使用NRPE插件,本文首先简单介绍一下NRPE监控基础,及监控过程,然后一步步的配置一个实例实现监控linux服务器
1.NRPE监控插件基础
NRPE总共由两部分组成:
check_nrpe插件,运行在监控主机上。
NRPE daemon,运行在远程的linux主机上(通常就是被监控机)
整个的监控过程:(如下图)
当Nagios需要监控某个远程linux主机的服务或者资源情况时：
1).nagios运行check_nrpe插件,我们要在nagios配置文件中告诉它要检查什么.
2).check_nrpe插件会通过SSL连接到远程的NRPE daemon.
3).NRPE daemon会运行相应的nagios插件来执行检查本地资源或服务.
4).NRPE daemon将检查的结果返回给check_nrpe插件,插件将其递交给nagios做处理.
注意:NRPE daemon需要nagios插件安装在远程被监控linux主机上,否则,daemon不能做任何的监控. 别外因为它们间的通信是加密的SSL,所以在编译安装时都要加上选项, ./configure --enable-ssl --with-ssl-lib=/lib/,否则也会出错.

一.配置监控端
1.1 安装nagios
useradd -r nagios -s /sbin/nologin

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios-4.0.8
make all
make install
make install-init
make install-config
make install-commandmode
(make install-webconf #可以自动配置httpd.conf)
cp sample-config/httpd.conf /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/nagios.conf
/usr/local/apache/bin/htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagiosadmin
(nagiosadmin 要与 /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg 里的 contact_name 相同)
chkconfig --add nagios
chkconfig --levels 345 nagios on
chown -R nagios.nagios nagios-4.0.8
ln -s nagios-4.0.8 nagios

1.2 安装nagios-plugins
cd nagios-plugins-1.4.12
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios-4.0.8 --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios --enable-redhat-pthread-workaround
make
make install
1.3 安装NRPE
cd nagios-nrpe_2.12
./configure #默认自动添加了openssl
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios-4.0.8 --enable-ssl --with-ssl-lib=/lib/
make all
make install-plugin
make install-daemon
make install-daemon-config
1.4 commands.cfg定义外部构件nrpe
vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg
#添加
#check nrpe
define command{
command_name check_nrpe
command_line $USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$
}

1.5.配置要监控的linux主机
vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
#中间添加
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/mylinux.cfg

vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/mylinux.cfg
define host{
use linux-server
host_name mylinux
alias mylinux
# 客户端IP
address 192.168.1.212
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name mylinux
service_description check-swap
check_command check_nrpe!check_swap
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name mylinux
service_description check-load
check_command check_nrpe!check_load
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name mylinux
service_description check-disk
check_command check_nrpe!check_hda1 }
define service{
use generic-service
host_name mylinux
service_description check-users
check_command check_nrpe!check_users
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name mylinux
service_description otal_procs
check_command check_nrpe!check_total_procs
}
1.6.其它设置
chkconfig --add nagios #配置机器启动时自动启动Nagios
chkconfig nagios on
/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg #检查Nagios配置文件
vi /etc/selinux/config #关闭SELinux
SELINUX=disabled
service iptables stop #关闭SELinux,或打开80,5666端口
service nagios start
二. 配置WEB服务:
2.1 安装httpd和php
yum install httpd php -y
2.2配置nagios的web服务:
在/etc/httpd/http.d中建立nagios.conf文件:
[root@yucheng22 tmp]# cat nagios.conf
# SAMPLE CONFIG SNIPPETS FOR APACHE WEB SERVER
#
# This file contains examples of entries that need
# to be incorporated into your Apache web server
# configuration file. Customize the paths, etc. as
# needed to fit your system.

ScriptAlias /nagios/cgi-bin "/usr/local/nagios-4.0.8/sbin"

<Directory "/usr/local/nagios-4.0.8/sbin">
# SSLRequireSSL
Options ExecCGI
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
# Order deny,allow
# Deny from all
# Allow from 127.0.0.1
AuthName "Nagios Access"
AuthType Basic
AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios-4.0.8/etc/htpasswd.users
Require valid-user
</Directory>

Alias /nagios "/usr/local/nagios-4.0.8/share"

<Directory "/usr/local/nagios-4.0.8/share">
# SSLRequireSSL
Options None
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
# Order deny,allow
# Deny from all
# Allow from 127.0.0.1
AuthName "Nagios Access"
AuthType Basic
AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios-4.0.8/etc/htpasswd.users
Require valid-user
</Directory>

在/etc/http/conf的http.conf中找到:
DirectoryIndex index.html index.html.var
修改为:
DirectoryIndex index.html index.html.var index.php

产生密码文件:
htpasswd -mb -c /usr/local/nagios-4.0.8/etc/htpasswd.users1 nagios nagios

三. 配置被监控端
3.1.安装nagios-plugin
useradd nagios -r -s /sbin/nologin
tar -zxvf nagios-plugins-2.0.3.tar.gz
cd nagios-plugins-2.0.3
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios-plugins-2.0.3 --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios --enable-redhat-pthread-workaround
make
make install
ln -s nagios-plugins-2.0.3 nagios-plugins

3.2 改变主目录权限
chown -R nagios:nagios /usr/local/nagios-plugins
[root@client nagios]# ll
drwxr-xr-x 2 nagios nagios 4096 Jun 1 00:07 libexec
drwxr-xr-x 3 nagios nagios 4096 Jun 1 00:07 share
3.3安装客户端的nrpe
tar -zxvf nrpe_2.12.tar.gz
cd nrpe_2.12
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios-plugins-2.0.3 --enable-ssl --with-ssl-lib
make all
make install-plugin
make install-daemon
make install-daemon-config
3.4.配置nrpe信息
vi /usr/local/nagios-plugins/etc/nrpe.cfg
allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1,192.168.1.211
3.5.启动nrpe
/usr/local/nagios-plugins/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios-plugins/etc/nrpe.cfg -d
#或
vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local
/usr/local/nagios-plugins/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios-plugins/etc/nrpe.cfg -d
3.6.验证nrpe
netstat -an | grep 5666
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5666 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
/usr/local/nagios-plugins/libexec/check_nrpe -H 127.0.0.1
NRPE v2.8.12
#服务端测试
/usr/local/nagios-plugins/libexec/check_nrpe -H l92.168.1.212 -p 5666 -c check_load
NRPE v2.8.12
3.7.配置监控对像(关键)
由监控原理可知被监控端做监控然后传给监控服务器绘总,设置监控详细参数主要是设置被监控端的nrpe.cfg文件
可以看到里面监控对象
vi /usr/local/nagios-plugins/etc/nrpe.cfg
command[check_users]=/usr/local/nagios-plugins/libexec/check_users -w 5 -c 10
command[check_load]=/usr/local/nagios-plugins/libexec/check_load -w 15,10,5 -c 30,25,20
command[check_hda1]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec-plugins/check_disk -w 20 -c 10 -p /dev/hda1
command[check_zombie_procs]=/usr/local/nagios-plugins/libexec/check_procs -w 5 -c 10 -s Z
command[check_total_procs]=/usr/local/nagios-plugins/libexec/check_procs -w 150 -c 200
command[check_swap]=/usr/local/nagios-plugins/libexec/check_swap -w 20% -c 10%

3.8.常用启动命令:
监控端进程启动方式:
/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d
/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -d /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
service ngios start
被监控端进程启动方式:
/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d