Spring Security使用数据库中的用户进行身份认证

本文在上一篇博文的基础上，将使用数据库中的用户进行身份认证。从本文中你将会看到Spring Security使用数据库中的用户进行身份认证依然是非常简单的事情。

1. 在pom.xml中添加mysql数据库驱动与c3p0数据源的相关的依赖。

<dependency>
           <groupId>mysql</groupId>
           <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
           <version>5.1.21</version>
 </dependency>
<dependency>
            <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.1.2</version>
 </dependency>

2. 准备MySQL数据库及相关数据。

本例子使用到user（用户表）、role（角色表）和user_role（用户角色表）三个表，表之间的关系如下：





为了方便大家进行测试，建表的语句如下：

/*
Navicat MySQL Data Transfer
 
Source Server         : 10.0.0.12
Source Server Version : 50619
Source Host           : 10.0.0.12:3305
Source Database       : favsecurity
 
Target Server Type    : MYSQL
Target Server Version : 50619
File Encoding         : 65001
 
Date: 2015-01-23 10:28:39
*/
 
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
 
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for role
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `role`;
CREATE TABLE `role` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT 'id',
  `name` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'name',
  `descn` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'descn',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='角色表';
 
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of role
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `role` VALUES ('1', 'ROLE_ADMIN', '管理员角色');
INSERT INTO `role` VALUES ('2', 'ROLE_USER', '用户角色');
 
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for user
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;
CREATE TABLE `user` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT 'id',
  `username` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'username',
  `password` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'password',
  `status` varchar(1024) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'status',
  `descn` varchar(1024) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'descd',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  KEY `AK_Key_1` (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='用户表';
 
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of user
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('1', 'admin', 'admin', '1', '管理\r\n员');
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('2', 'user', 'user', '1', '用户\r\n');
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('3', 'favccxx', 'favboy', '1', '帅锅');
 
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for user_role
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user_role`;
CREATE TABLE `user_role` (
  `user_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户表_id',
  `role_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '角色表_id',
  KEY `FK_FK_USER_ROLE_ROLE` (`role_id`),
  KEY `FK_FK_USER_ROLE_USER` (`user_id`),
  CONSTRAINT `FK_FK_USER_ROLE_USER` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `user` (`id`),
  CONSTRAINT `FK_FK_USER_ROLE_ROLE` FOREIGN KEY (`role_id`) REFERENCES `role` (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='用户角色表';
 
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of user_role
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `user_role` VALUES ('1', '1');
INSERT INTO `user_role` VALUES ('1', '2');
INSERT INTO `user_role` VALUES ('2', '2');
INSERT INTO `user_role` VALUES ('3', '1');
INSERT INTO `user_role` VALUES ('3', '2');

3. 修改springSecurity.xml，更改security:authentication-provider提供的用户访问机制。

<security:authentication-manager> <security:authentication-provider> <security:user-service> <security:user name="favccxx" password="favccxx" authorities="ROLE_USER,ROLE_ADMIN"/> <security:user name="super" password="super" authorities="ROLE_SUPERADMIN"/> </security:user-service> </security:authentication-provider> </security:authentication-manager>

将上面的灰色划掉的部分更改为下面绿色的部分。

<security:authentication-manager> <security:authentication-provider> <security:jdbc-user-service data-source-ref="dataSource" users-by-username-query="select username,password,1 as enabled from user WHERE username=?" authorities-by-username-query="select u.username, r.name as role from user u,user_role ur, role r where u.id=ur.user_Id and r.id = ur.role_Id and u.username=?"/> </security:authentication-provider> </security:authentication-manager>

备注：dataSource在springdb.xml中定义，在springSecurity.xml中引用springdb.xml即可。springdb.xml相关的文件如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
     xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd          http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
    ">
     
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>
     
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close">
        <property name="driverClass">
            <value>${dataSource.driverClassName}</value>
        </property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl">
            <value>${dataSource.url}</value>
        </property>
        <property name="user">
            <value>${dataSource.username}</value>
        </property>
        <property name="password">
            <value>${dataSource.password}</value>
        </property>
 
        <!-- 最大连接数 -->
        <property name="maxPoolSize">
            <value>${dataSource.c3p0.max_size}</value>
        </property>
 
        <!-- 最小连接数 -->
        <property name="minPoolSize">
            <value>${dataSource.c3p0.min_size}</value>
        </property>
 
        <!-- 最大空闲时间，超时未被使用则连接被抛弃，单位毫秒 -->
        <property name="maxIdleTime">
            <value>${dataSource.c3p0.max_idle_time}</value>
        </property>
 
        <!-- 获得连接的超时时间,如果超过这个时间,会抛出异常，单位毫秒 -->
        <!-- 
        <property name="checkoutTimeout">
            <value>${dataSource.c3p0.checkout_timeout}</value>
        </property>
       -->
 
        <!-- 最大的PreparedStatement的数量 -->
        <property name="maxStatements">
            <value>${dataSource.c3p0.max_statements}</value>
        </property>
 
        <!-- 每隔120秒检查连接池里的空闲连接 ，单位是秒 -->
        <property name="idleConnectionTestPeriod">
            <value>${dataSource.c3p0.idle_test_period}</value>
        </property>
 
        <!-- 当连接池里面的连接用完的时候，C3P0一下获取的新的连接数 -->
        <property name="acquireIncrement">
            <value>${dataSource.c3p0.acquire_increment}</value>
        </property>
    </bean>
     
</beans>

<![CDATA[
dataSource.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
dataSource.username=favccxx
dataSource.password=favboy
dataSource.url=jdbc:mysql://10.0.0.12:3305/favsecurity?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
 
 
# For c3p0 connect pool
dataSource.c3p0.max_size=200
dataSource.c3p0.min_size=10
dataSource.c3p0.max_idle_time=300
#dataSource.c3p0.checkout_timeout=30000
dataSource.c3p0.max_statements=0
dataSource.c3p0.idle_test_period=120
dataSource.c3p0.acquire_increment=5
 
]]>

4. 工程运行效果如下