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企业实战nginx动静分离安装配置

2015-04-10 17:15 681 查看
Nginx Web服务器目前在IT企业中应用最广泛,为什么它会如此让人热爱呢,因为它的高性能、稳定性,而且越来越发展,那Nginx在企业中是如何来应用的呢?Nginx动静分离是如何来配置的呢,今天我们将跟大家一起来构建一个Nginx动静分离的架构。

一、实践环境:
系统版本:CentOS6.0 X86_64
Nginx版本:Nginx-1.2.6
Tomcat版本:Tomcat-6.0.18
二、Nginx安装:
实际环境中安装Nginx,首先需要安装pcre库,然后再安装Nginx:
#安装pcre支持rewrite库,也可以安装源码,注*安装源码时,指定pcre路径为解压源码的路径,而不是编译后的路径,否则会报错。
yum install pcre-devel pcre -y
#下载Nginx源码包
cd /usr/src ;wget -c http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.2.6.tar.gz #解压Nginx源码包
tar -xzf nginx-1.2.6.tar.gz
#进入解压目录,然后sed修改Nginx版本信息为TDTWS
cd nginx-1.2.6 ; sed -i -e 's/1.2.6//g' -e 's/nginx\//TDTWS/g' -e 's/"NGINX"/"TDTWS"/g' src/core/nginx.h
#预编译Nginx
./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module
#.configure预编译成功后,执行make命令进行编译
make
#make执行成功后,执行make install 正式安装
make install
#自此Nginx安装完毕!!!
三、配置Nginx:
这里鉴于我的51CTO博客已经有Tomcat安装和配置了,这里忽略,只配置Nginx。
#进入Nginx应用目录
cd /usr/local/nginx/conf
#备份原nginx.conf文件
mv  nginx.conf  nginx.bak
创建 vi nginx.conf ,并写入如下内容:
user www www;
worker_processes 8;
worker_cpu_affinity 00000001 00000010 00000100 00001000 00010000 00100000 01000000 10000000;
pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 102400;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 102400;
}
http
{
include       mime.types;
default_type  application/octet-stream;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
charset  utf-8;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 4k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
client_max_body_size 300m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush     on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;
client_body_buffer_size  512k;
proxy_connect_timeout    5;
proxy_read_timeout       60;
proxy_send_timeout       5;
proxy_buffer_size        16k;
proxy_buffers            4 64k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 128k;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length  1k;
gzip_buffers     4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types       text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
###2012-12-19 change nginx logs
log_format  main  '$http_x_forwarded_for - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent"  $request_time $remote_addr';
#这里为后端服务器wugk应用集群配置,根据后端实际情况修改即可,tdt_wugk为负载均衡名称,可以任意指定
#但必须跟vhosts.conf虚拟主机的pass段一致,否则不能转发后端的请求。
upstream tdt_wugk {
server   10.10.141.30:8080 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s;
server   10.10.141.30:8081 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s;
server   10.10.141.31:8080 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s;
server   10.10.141.31:8081 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s;
server   10.10.141.32:8080 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s;
server   10.10.141.32:8081 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s;
}
#这里为后端APP应用负载均衡配置,根据后端实际情况修改即可。tdt_app为负载均衡名称,可以任意指定
upstream tdt_app {
server   10.10.141.40:8080 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s;
server   10.10.141.40:8081 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s;
server   10.10.141.41:8080 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s;
server   10.10.141.41:8081 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s;
server   10.10.141.42:8080 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s;
server   10.10.141.42:8081 weight=1max_fails=2fail_timeout=30s;
}
#include引用vhosts.conf,该文件主要用于配置Nginx 虚拟主机
include vhosts.conf;
}
如上nginx.conf配置完毕,继续配置nginx虚拟主机,继续在当前目录创建vhosts.conf
vi vhosts.conf 内容如下:
####www.wuguangke.cn
server
{
listen       80;
server_name  www.wuguangke.cn;
index index.html index.htm;
#配置发布目录为/data/www/wugk
root  /data/www/wugk;
location /
{
proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header;
proxy_set_header Host  $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_pass http://tdt_wugk; expires      3d;
}
#动态页面交给http://tdt_wugk,也即我们之前在nginx.conf定义的upstream tdt_wugk 均衡
location ~ .*\.(php|jsp|cgi)?$
{
proxy_set_header Host  $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_pass http://tdt_wugk; }
#配置Nginx动静分离,定义的静态页面直接从Nginx发布目录读取。
location ~ .*\.(html|htm|gif|jpg|jpeg|bmp|png|ico|txt|js|css)$
{
root /data/www/wugk;
#expires定义用户浏览器缓存的时间为3天,如果静态页面不常更新,可以设置更长,这样可以节省带宽和缓解服务器的压力
expires      3d;
}
#定义Nginx输出日志的路径
access_log  /data/logs/nginx_wugk/access.log main;
error_log   /data/logs/nginx_wugk/error.log  crit;
}
##########chinaapp.sinaapp.com 2012-12-19
server
{
listen       80;
server_name  chinaapp.sinaapp.com;
index index.html index.htm;
root  /data/www;
location /
{
proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header;
proxy_set_header Host  $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_pass http://tdt_app; expires      3d;
}
location ~ .*\.(php|jsp|cgi)?$
{
proxy_set_header Host  $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_pass http://tdt_app; }
location ~ .*\.(html|htm|gif|jpg|jpeg|bmp|png|ico|txt|js|css)$
{
root /data/www/app;
expires      3d;
}
access_log  /data/logs/nginx_app/access.log main;
error_log   /data/logs/nginx_app/error.log  crit;
}
四、部署测试:
后端配置好Tomcat服务,并启动,发布的程序需同步到Nginx的/data/www对应的目录,因为配置动静分离后,用户请求你定义的静态页面,默认会去nginx的发布目录请求,而不会到后端请求,所以这时候你要保证后端跟前端的程序保持一致,可以使用Rsync做服务端自动同步或者使用NFS、MFS分布式共享存储。

#检查Nginx配置文件是否配置正确,提示Ok and successful表示正确,如下:
[root@WEB-11-151 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
#启动Nginx服务
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
#查看Nginx进程是否启动
ps -ef |grep nginx
自此,Nginx动静分离配置完毕,欢迎大家一起交流!
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