您的位置:首页 > 运维架构 > Nginx

debian 系统python+uwsgi+nginx实现web环境

2015-01-20 16:59 337 查看
1,python web部署的实现:

python+uwsgi+nginx实现web。

本文测试环境:

服务器:树莓派B+
操作系统:
root@node100:~# cat /etc/issue
Raspbian GNU/Linux 7 \n \l
IP:

root@node100:~# ip ad s
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether b8:27:eb:ed:b8:e5 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.137.100/24 brd 192.168.137.255 scope global eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
软件需求:
python2.7.3
django-1.7.2
rpyc-3.3.0
uwsgi-2.0.9
nginx-1.6.2
mysql-5.5.40
都是目前稳定版本最新版本。

2,创建相应目录:
root@node100:~# mkdir /data
root@node100:~# mkdir /data/logs    #所有日志存放位置
root@node100:~# mkdir /data/www    #页面代码
root@node100:~# mkdir /data/server    #软件安装位置,后面nginx貌似装到/data下面了,这个目录就没用了。
root@node100:~# mkdir /soft    #下载软包位置


3,安装必须的软件包
# apt-get update#更新下系统
安装相应的库文件,有些系统以及安装了就不用重新安装了:
# apt-get install libpcre3-dev libssl-dev libpcre3 libssl build-essential zlib1g zlib1g-dev

build-essential    #可以解决包间的依赖关系等,很重要,raspbian默认安装。


----------------------- 安装nginx --------------------------
下载软件包:
# cd /soft/
# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz[/code]创建nginx运行用户和组: 
# groupadd -g 5000 www
# useradd -u 5000 -g 5000 www
# tar -zxf nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
# cd nginx-1.6.2/
# ./configure --prefix=/data/nginx --user=www --group=www --with-http_stub_status_module
## --with-http_stub_status_module    #启用Nginx状态监控模块,默认不开启。
# make
# make install


----------------------- 安装mysql --------------------------
# aptitude search mysql|grep ^i#查看系统中是否有mysql相应包,有则删除
# apt-get remove mysqlxxx#删除系统自带mysql相关包
# apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client python-mysqldb(python链接mysql支持包)#默认会安装许多依赖包,并且会让你设置mysql root账号密码。
默认安装完成自动启动,测试:
# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 43
Server version: 5.5.40-0+wheezy1 (Debian)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)


测试python-mysqldb是否安装成功:
root@node100:~# python
Python 2.7.3 (default, Mar 18 2014, 05:13:23)
[GCC 4.6.3] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import MySQLdb
>>>
不报错则成功。
----------------------- 安装rpyc --------------------------

rpyc模块用于平台与主控端做数据通讯交互,获取最新版:https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/r/rpyc
# cd /soft/
# wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/r/rpyc/rpyc-3.3.0.tar.gz # tar -zxf rpyc-3.3.0.tar.gz
# cd rpyc-3.3.0/
# python setup.py install
无报错则成功。

----------------------- 安装uwsgi --------------------------

#### tar包安装:

获取最新版:http://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.org/en/latest/Download.html
可以在百度百科里面查到uwsgi的有关信息。
# apt-get install python-dev    #编译时需要python相关库文件
# cd /soft
# wget http://projects.unbit.it/downloads/uwsgi-2.0.9.tar.gz # tar -zxf uwsgi-2.0.9.tar.gz
# cd uwsgi-2.0.9/
# python uwsgiconfig.py --build    #看服务器配置,等待时间可能比较长。

### apt-get源安装
# apt-get install uwsgi#这种安装会解决包的依赖关系,不用担心安装遇到依赖包错误。
看到下面代码,表示安装成功:
[ ok ] Starting app server(s): uwsgi (omitted; missing conffile(s) in /etc/uwsgi/apps-enabled).
----------------------- 安装Django --------------------------

参考:http://chongzi100.blog.51cto.com/340243/1600754
版本:Django-1.7.2

4,创建django工程:
# cd /data/www/
# django-admin startproject web04
# tree web04
web04
├── manage.py
└── web04
├── __init__.py
├── settings.py
├── urls.py
├── wsgi.py
1 directory, 5 files
django测试,可以看参考文章。

5,配置nginx:
# pwd
/data/nginx/conf
# cat nginx.conf
user  www;
worker_processes  1;
pid /data/logs/nginx/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
include       mime.types;
default_type  application/octet-stream;
sendfile        on;
keepalive_timeout  65;
gzip  on;
server {
listen       80;
server_name  web01.test.com;
location / {
uwsgi_pass 192.168.137.100:8000;
uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR  /data/www/web04/web04;
uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT wsgi;
include uwsgi_params;
access_log /data/logs/nginx_access.log;    #打开日志功能方便排错。
}
}
}
6,配置uwsgi,创建uwsgi配置文件/data/nginx/conf/uwsgi.ini
# cat uwsgi.ini
[uwsgi]
socket = 192.168.137.100:8000
master = true
pidfile = /data/logs/uwsgi.pid
processes = 4      #指定进程数
workers = 1      #分配CPU核数
chdir = /data/www/web04/web04    #项目主目录
pythonpath = /data/www/web04    #项目上层目录
profiler = true
memory-report = true
enable-threads = true
logdate = true
limit-as = 512    #内存限制512k
daemonize = /data/logs/django.log    #开启日志,方便排错
gid = www
uid = www
vhost = false    #如果是多站点,可改为true
plugins = python    #指定uwsgi将使用python


更多的参数说明,可参考官方说明。

http://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.org/en/latest/Configuration.html

7,测试:
启动uwsgi:
uwsgi --ini /data/nginx/conf/uwsgi.ini
启动nginx:
/data/nginx/sbin/nginx






8,遇到的错误:
"unavailable modifier requested"
该错误在网上搜了下,多数是uwsgi配置文件无法找到python导致的。

解决方法:
确认已经安装了uwsgi-plugin-python:
# aptitude search uwsgi-plugin-python
i   uwsgi-plugin-python            - Python WSGI plugin for uWSGI
p   uwsgi-plugin-python3           - Python 3 WSGI plugin for uWSGI
两个参数都表示软件包的当前状态。
i #表示已安装
p #表示清除软件包

修改配置文件:
# vim uwsgi.ini
plugins = python    #添加该行,指定uwsgi用的是python


9,结束语:
文中没有做python再去链接mysql的测试,在以后的文章中写入吧。如果有哪里错了,请留言给我。
本文出自 “daemonSA” 博客,请务必保留此出处http://daemonsa.blog.51cto.com/340243/1606216
内容来自用户分享和网络整理,不保证内容的准确性,如有侵权内容,可联系管理员处理 点击这里给我发消息
标签: