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jqGrid与Struts2的结合应用（一） —— 显示基本Grid表格

2014-12-18 22:31 519 查看
原文地址：http://blog.csdn.net/gengv/article/details/5714834

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根据jqGrid的文档，要想生成一个jqGrid，最直接的方法就是：

$("#grid_id").jqGrid(options);

也就是通过选择符得到一个table的jQuery对象，然后调用jqGrid(options)，得到一个jqGrid对象。

重点就在传入的option选项上了，通过这些选项可以得到各种各样的Grid表格。



1. jqGrid的重要选项



具体的options参考，可以访问jqGrid文档关于option的章节（http://www.trirand.com/jqgridwiki/doku.php?id=wiki:options）。其中有几个是比较常用的，重点介绍一下：



url ：jqGrid控件通过这个参数得到需要显示的数据，具体的返回值可以使XML也可以是Json。

datatype ：这个参数用于设定将要得到的数据类型。我最常用的是“json”，其余的类型还包括：xml、xmlstring、local、javascript、function。

mtype : 定义使用哪种方法发起请求，GET或者POST。

height ：Grid的高度，可以接受数字、%值、auto，默认值为150。

width ：Grid的宽度，如果未设置，则宽度应为所有列宽的之和；如果设置了宽度，则每列的宽度将会根据shrinkToFit选项的设置，进行设置。

shrinkToFit ：此选项用于根据width计算每列宽度的算法。默认值为true。如果shrinkToFit为true且设置了width值，则每列宽度会根据width成比例缩放；如果shrinkToFit为false且设置了width值，则每列的宽度不会成比例缩放，而是保持原有设置，而Grid将会有水平滚动条。

autowidth ：默认值为false。如果设为true，则Grid的宽度会根据父容器的宽度自动重算。重算仅发生在Grid初始化的阶段；如果当父容器尺寸变化了，同时也需要变化Grid的尺寸的话，则需要在自己的代码中调用setGridWidth方法来完成。

pager ：定义页码控制条Page Bar
sortname ：指定默认的排序列，可以是列名也可以是数字。此参数会在被传递到Server端。

viewrecords ：设置是否在Pager Bar显示所有记录的总数。

caption ：设置Grid表格的标题，如果未设置，则标题区域不显示。

caption ：Grid的标题。如果设置了，则将显示在Grid的Header层。

rowNum ：用于设置Grid中一次显示的行数，默认值为20。正是这个选项将参数rows（prmNames中设置的）通过url选项设置的链接传递到Server。注意如果Server返回的数据行数超过了rowNum的设定，则Grid也只显示rowNum设定的行数。

rowList ：一个数组，用于设置Grid可以接受的rowNum值。例如[10,20,30]。

colNames ：字符串数组，用于指定各列的题头文本，与列的顺序是对应的。

colModel ：最重要的数组之一，用于设定各列的参数。（稍后详述）

prmNames ：这是一个数组，用于设置jqGrid将要向Server传递的参数名称。（稍后详述）

jsonReader ：这又是一个数组，用来设定如何解析从Server端发回来的json数据。（稍后详述）



1.1 prmNames选项

prmNames是jqGrid的一个重要选项，用于设置jqGrid将要向Server传递的参数名称。其默认值为：



[javascript]
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prmNames : {
page:"page", // 表示请求页码的参数名称

rows:"rows", // 表示请求行数的参数名称

sort: "sidx", // 表示用于排序的列名的参数名称

order: "sord", // 表示采用的排序方式的参数名称

search:"_search", // 表示是否是搜索请求的参数名称

nd:"nd", // 表示已经发送请求的次数的参数名称

id:"id", // 表示当在编辑数据模块中发送数据时，使用的id的名称

oper:"oper", // operation参数名称（我暂时还没用到）

editoper:"edit", // 当在edit模式中提交数据时，操作的名称

addoper:"add", // 当在add模式中提交数据时，操作的名称

deloper:"del", // 当在delete模式中提交数据时，操作的名称

subgridid:"id", // 当点击以载入数据到子表时，传递的数据名称

npage: null,
totalrows:"totalrows" // 表示需从Server得到总共多少行数据的参数名称，参见jqGrid选项中的rowTotal

} 

[javascript] 
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jsonReader : {  
    root: "rows",   // json中代表实际模型数据的入口
  
    page: "page",   // json中代表当前页码的数据
  
    total: "total", // json中代表页码总数的数据
  
    records: "records", // json中代表数据行总数的数据
  
    repeatitems: true, // 如果设为false，则jqGrid在解析json时，会根据name来搜索对应的数据元素（即可以json中元素可以不按顺序）；而所使用的name是来自于colModel中的name设定。
  
    cell: "cell",  
    id: "id",  
    userdata: "userdata",  
    subgrid: {  
        root:"rows",   
        repeatitems: true,   
        cell:"cell"  
    }  
}  

jsonReader : {
	root: "rows",	// json中代表实际模型数据的入口
    page: "page",	// json中代表当前页码的数据
	total: "total",	// json中代表页码总数的数据
	records: "records", // json中代表数据行总数的数据
	repeatitems: true, // 如果设为false，则jqGrid在解析json时，会根据name来搜索对应的数据元素（即可以json中元素可以不按顺序）；而所使用的name是来自于colModel中的name设定。
	cell: "cell",
	id: "id",
	userdata: "userdata",
	subgrid: {
		root:"rows", 
		repeatitems: true, 
		cell:"cell"
	}
}




可以这样理解，prmNames设置了如何将Grid所需要的参数传给Server，而jsonReader设置了如何去解析从Server端传回来的json数据。如果没有设置jsonReader的话，jqGrid将会根据默认的设置来解析json数据，并显示在表格里。但如果传回来的json数据，不太符合默认设置（比如内部的结构名不太一样），那么就有必要修改这一设置。比如：

[javascript]
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jsonReader: {
root:"gridModel",
page: "page",
total: "total",
records: "record",
repeatitems : false
} 

[javascript] 
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jQuery("#gridid").jqGrid({  
    ...  
    jsonReader : {  
        root:"invdata",  
        page: "currpage",  
        total: "totalpages",  
        records: "totalrecords"  
    },  
    ...  
});  

jQuery("#gridid").jqGrid({
	...
	jsonReader : {
		root:"invdata",
		page: "currpage",
		total: "totalpages",
		records: "totalrecords"
	},
	...
});


json结构为：

[javascript]
view plaincopyprint?

{
"totalpages": "xxx",
"currpage": "yyy",
"totalrecords": "zzz",
"invdata" : [
{"id" :"1", "cell" :["cell11", "cell12", "cell13"]}, // cell中不需要各列的name，只要值就OK了，但是需要保持对应

{"id" :"2", "cell" :["cell21", "cell22", "cell23"]},
...
]
} 

[javascript] 
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jQuery("#gridid").jqGrid({  
    ...  
    jsonReader : {  
        root:"invdata",  
        page: "currpage",  
        total: "totalpages",  
        records: "totalrecords",  
        repeatitems: false,  
        id: "0"  
    },  
    ...  
});  

jQuery("#gridid").jqGrid({
	...
	jsonReader : {
		root:"invdata",
		page: "currpage",
		total: "totalpages",
		records: "totalrecords",
		repeatitems: false,
		id: "0"
	},
	...
});


json结构为：

[javascript]
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{
"totalpages" : "xxx",
"currpage" : "yyy",
"totalrecords" : "zzz",
"invdata" : [
{"invid" : "1","invdate":"cell11", "amount" :"cell12", "tax" :"cell13", "total" :"1234", "note" :"somenote"}, // 数据中需要各列的name，但是可以不按列的顺序

{"invid" : "2","invdate":"cell21", "amount" :"cell22", "tax" :"cell23", "total" :"2345", "note" :"some note"},
...
]
} 

[java] 
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package cn.gengv.struts2ex.jqGrid;  
   
import java.util.Collections;  
import java.util.List;  
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;  
   
@SuppressWarnings("serial")  
public abstract class JqGridBaseAction<T> extends ActionSupport {  
    // 和jqGrid组件相关的参数属性   
    private List<T> gridModel = Collections.emptyList();  
    private Integer rows = 0;  
    private Integer page = 0;  
    private Integer total = 0;  
    private Integer record = 0;  
    private String sord;  
    private String sidx;  
    private String search;  
   
    public abstract int getResultSize();  
   
    public abstract List<T> listResults(int from, int length);  
   
    public String refreshGridModel() {  
        try {  
            List<T> results = Collections.emptyList();  
            record = this.getResultSize();  
            int from = rows * (page - 1);  
            int length = rows;  
            results = this.listResults(from, length);  
            this.setGridModel(results);  
            total = (int) Math.ceil((double) record / (double) rows);  
            return SUCCESS;  
        } catch (Exception e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
            this.addActionError(e.getMessage());  
            return ERROR;  
        }  
    }  
   
    public List<T> getGridModel() {  
        return gridModel;  
    }  
    public void setGridModel(List<T> gridModel) {  
        this.gridModel = gridModel;  
    }  
    public Integer getRows() {  
        return rows;  
    }  
    public void setRows(Integer rows) {  
        this.rows = rows;  
    }  
    public Integer getPage() {  
        return page;  
    }  
    public void setPage(Integer page) {  
        this.page = page;  
    }  
    public Integer getTotal() {  
        return total;  
    }  
    public void setTotal(Integer total) {  
        this.total = total;  
    }  
    public Integer getRecord() {  
        return record;  
    }  
    public void setRecord(Integer record) {  
        this.record = record;  
    }  
    public String getSord() {  
        return sord;  
    }  
    public void setSord(String sord) {  
        this.sord = sord;  
    }  
    public String getSidx() {  
        return sidx;  
    }  
    public void setSidx(String sidx) {  
        this.sidx = sidx;  
    }  
    public String getSearch() {  
        return search;  
    }  
    public void setSearch(String search) {  
        this.search = search;  
    }  
}  

package cn.gengv.struts2ex.jqGrid;
 
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
 
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public abstract class JqGridBaseAction<T> extends ActionSupport {
	// 和jqGrid组件相关的参数属性
	private List<T> gridModel = Collections.emptyList();
	private Integer rows = 0;
	private Integer page = 0;
	private Integer total = 0;
	private Integer record = 0;
	private String sord;
	private String sidx;
	private String search;
 
	public abstract int getResultSize();
 
	public abstract List<T> listResults(int from, int length);
 
	public String refreshGridModel() {
		try {
			List<T> results = Collections.emptyList();
			record = this.getResultSize();
			int from = rows * (page - 1);
			int length = rows;
			results = this.listResults(from, length);
			this.setGridModel(results);
			total = (int) Math.ceil((double) record / (double) rows);
			return SUCCESS;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			this.addActionError(e.getMessage());
			return ERROR;
		}
	}
 
	public List<T> getGridModel() {
		return gridModel;
	}
	public void setGridModel(List<T> gridModel) {
		this.gridModel = gridModel;
	}
	public Integer getRows() {
		return rows;
	}
	public void setRows(Integer rows) {
		this.rows = rows;
	}
	public Integer getPage() {
		return page;
	}
	public void setPage(Integer page) {
		this.page = page;
	}
	public Integer getTotal() {
		return total;
	}
	public void setTotal(Integer total) {
		this.total = total;
	}
	public Integer getRecord() {
		return record;
	}
	public void setRecord(Integer record) {
		this.record = record;
	}
	public String getSord() {
		return sord;
	}
	public void setSord(String sord) {
		this.sord = sord;
	}
	public String getSidx() {
		return sidx;
	}
	public void setSidx(String sidx) {
		this.sidx = sidx;
	}
	public String getSearch() {
		return search;
	}
	public void setSearch(String search) {
		this.search = search;
	}
}




说明：

其中的成员变量对应着jqGrid的prmNames和jsonReader中的设置。


成员变量
对应 prmNames
对应 jsonReader
注释
rows rows - 每页中现实的记录行数
search search - 是否是用于查询的请求
sidxsort-用于排序的列名
sordorder-排序的方式
page page page 当前页码
gridModel - root 用于得到实际数据的数组名称
total - total 总页数
record - records 总记录数
refreshGridModel()方法中，主要工作就是为gridModel、record、total赋值，这些值也将会传回客户端。



具体的一个实现类：

[java]
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package cn.gengv.struts2ex.jqGrid;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class ListContactsAction extends JqGridBaseAction<Contact> {

private ContactService contactService;

@Override
public String execute() {
return this.refreshGridModel();
}

@Override
public int getResultSize() {
return this.contactService.queryResultsCount();
}

@Override
public List<Contact> listResults(int from, int length) {
List<Contact> results = Collections.emptyList();

results = this.contactService.queryByPage(from, length);

return results;
}
public void setContactService(ContactService contactService) {
this.contactService = contactService;
}

} 

[xhtml] 
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<action name="jqGrid01" class="cn.gengv.struts2ex.jqGrid.ListContactsAction">  
    <result name="success" type="json">  
        <param name="includeProperties">  
            ^gridModel/[/d+/]/./w+,  
            rows, page, total, record  
        </param>  
        <param name="noCache">true</param>  
        <param name="ignoreHierarchy">false</param>  
    </result>  
</action>  

<action name="jqGrid01" class="cn.gengv.struts2ex.jqGrid.ListContactsAction">
	<result name="success" type="json">
		<param name="includeProperties">
			^gridModel/[/d+/]/./w+,
			rows, page, total, record
		</param>
		<param name="noCache">true</param>
		<param name="ignoreHierarchy">false</param>
	</result>
</action>




3.2 客户端（浏览器）



javascript部分：

[javascript]
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$(function(){
// 配置jqGrid组件
$("#gridTable").jqGrid({
url: "jqGrid01.action",
datatype: "json",
mtype: "GET",
height: 350,
autowidth: true,
colModel: [
{name:"id",index:"id",label:"ID",width:40},
{name:"lastName",index:"lastName",label:"Last Name",width:80,sortable:false},
{name:"firstName",index:"firstName",label:"First Name",width:80,sortable:false},
{name:"email",index:"email",label:"E-mail",width:160,sortable:false},
{name:"telNo",index:"telNo",label:"Tel No",width:120,sortable:false}
],
viewrecords: true,
rowNum: 15,
rowList: [15,50,100],
prmNames: {search: "search"}, //(1)

jsonReader: {
root:"gridModel", // (2)

records: "record", // (3)

repeatitems : false // (4)

},
pager: "#gridPager",
caption: "联系人列表",
hidegrid: false
});
}); 

[xhtml] 
view plaincopyprint?

<!DOCTYPE html  
PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"  
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">  
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="zh-CN" lang="zh-CN">  
    <head>  
        <title>jqGrid01</title>  
        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" href="../css/themes/aero/jquery-ui-1.8.1.custom.css" mce_href="css/themes/aero/jquery-ui-1.8.1.custom.css" />  
        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" href="../css/themes/aero/ui.jqgrid.custom.css" mce_href="css/themes/aero/ui.jqgrid.custom.css" />  
          
        <mce:script type="text/javascript" src="../js/jquery-1.4.2.min.js" mce_src="js/jquery-1.4.2.min.js"></mce:script>  
        <mce:script src="../js/jquery-ui-1.8.1.custom.min.js" mce_src="js/jquery-ui-1.8.1.custom.min.js" type="text/javascript"></mce:script>  
        <mce:script src="../js/i18n/grid.locale-zh-CN.js" mce_src="js/i18n/grid.locale-zh-CN.js" type="text/javascript"></mce:script>  
        <mce:script src="../js/jquery.jqGrid.min.js" mce_src="js/jquery.jqGrid.min.js" type="text/javascript"></mce:script>  
          
        <mce:script src="js/jqGrid01.js" mce_src="js/jqGrid01.js" type="text/javascript"></mce:script>    
    </head>  
    <body>  
        <h2>  
            jqGrid测试 01  
        </h2>  
        <div>  
            <table id="gridTable"></table>  
            <div id="gridPager"></div>  
        </div>  
    </body>  
</html>  

<!DOCTYPE html
PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="zh-CN" lang="zh-CN">
	<head>
		<title>jqGrid01</title>
		<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" href="../css/themes/aero/jquery-ui-1.8.1.custom.css" mce_href="css/themes/aero/jquery-ui-1.8.1.custom.css" />
		<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" href="../css/themes/aero/ui.jqgrid.custom.css" mce_href="css/themes/aero/ui.jqgrid.custom.css" />
		
		<mce:script type="text/javascript" src="../js/jquery-1.4.2.min.js" mce_src="js/jquery-1.4.2.min.js"></mce:script>
		<mce:script src="../js/jquery-ui-1.8.1.custom.min.js" mce_src="js/jquery-ui-1.8.1.custom.min.js" type="text/javascript"></mce:script>
		<mce:script src="../js/i18n/grid.locale-zh-CN.js" mce_src="js/i18n/grid.locale-zh-CN.js" type="text/javascript"></mce:script>
		<mce:script src="../js/jquery.jqGrid.min.js" mce_src="js/jquery.jqGrid.min.js" type="text/javascript"></mce:script>
		
		<mce:script src="js/jqGrid01.js" mce_src="js/jqGrid01.js" type="text/javascript"></mce:script>	
	</head>
	<body>
		<h2>
			jqGrid测试 01
		</h2>
		<div>
			<table id="gridTable"></table>
			<div id="gridPager"></div>
		</div>
	</body>
</html>




HTML中的代码，异常简洁。









3.3 整个流程



通过Firebug监测request和response就可以看出Server和浏览器之间的数据交互。当打开页面的时候，jqGrid初始化，会向Server发送url中定义的request，并传递参数。如下：


http://localhost:8085/Hare/jqGridTest/jqGrid01.action?search=false&nd=1278331032140&rows=15&page=1&sidx=&sord=asc


jqGrid会根据prmNames中的定义，向Server传递参数，例如将jqGrid选项中rowNum的值，作为参数rows传递到Server。

由于我将prmNames中的search设为“search”，所以参数里表中出现了这个参数；否则仍会根据原来的默认值，出现“_search”参数。

再看看response，Server发送来的json数据，格式是这样的：

[javascript]
view plaincopyprint?

{
"gridModel": [
{
"address": "ADDR-yjfrot4i008toqlrl4dfq9",
"email": "vl3@jv36.com",
"firstName": "FN-gn7po9c9m",
"fullName": "LN-3h6d1q FN-gn7po9c9m",
"id": 23016,
"idCardNo": "CARD-28ew6dekrv9g8dml4n",
"lastName": "LN-3h6d1q",
"nationality": "NAT-6z1xhty2",
"telNo":: "TEL-x3i4a625i"
},
{
"address": "ADDR-9zeiasrr",
"email": "wba@6ym4.com",
"firstName": "FN-8mwhw7n",
"fullName": "LN-yaontk FN-8mwhw7n",
"id": 23015,
"idCardNo": "CARD-gqqbd9s4zjexj05sus",
"lastName": "LN-yaontk",
"nationality": "NAT-0phliht",
"telNo":: "TEL-jf4c31"
},
{
"address": "ADDR-o4ml00d98j7xgktl",
"email": "m7j@dwy.com",
"firstName": "FN-etzsxbaq4",
"fullName": "LN-uedrek8 FN-etzsxbaq4",
"id": 23014,
"idCardNo": "CARD-md9bcyef7wvcc7om6b",
"lastName": "LN-uedrek8",
"nationality": "NAT-okbb5",
"telNo":: "TEL-pp0d00"
},
{
"address": "ADDR-obzar7v7z58uux",
"email": "sqj@44wfo.com",
"firstName": "FN-f1qnbw0x",
"fullName": "LN-20ug4vxfc FN-f1qnbw0x",
"id": 23013,
"idCardNo": "CARD-kzil6hhtpo68izim0b",
"lastName": "LN-20ug4vxfc",
"nationality": "NAT-dxidrf",
"telNo":: "TEL-eug8ydessk"
},
{
"address": "ADDR-r7954tumxw133a9os90l",
"email": "2in@tw7.com",
"firstName": "FN-pw1yl8ux",
"fullName": "LN-nk7qg6by FN-pw1yl8ux",
"id": 23012,
"idCardNo": "CARD-0cx02jpey6nivhkr29",
"lastName": "LN-nk7qg6by",
"nationality": "NAT-85tl0a",
"telNo":: "TEL-4aa404"
},
{
"address": "ADDR-jxmudykwu7kcu",
"email": "0um@ut9yh.com",
"firstName": "FN-cjxxxds3",
"fullName": "LN-3iviu7o FN-cjxxxds3",
"id": 23011,
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}



jqGrid根据jsonReader中的设置，解析json数据。根据jsonReader中的root（我设置的是“gridModel”），得到数据记录数组；根据rows得到每页显示的行数；根据page设置当前页数；根据records（我设置的是“record”）得到所有记录数量；根据total得到所有页数。

由此，jqGrid完成一个request，并将得到的response，解析为所需的数据，显示到Grid表格中。
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