apache虚拟主机的搭建

apache虚拟主机的搭建

虚拟主机的介绍

虚拟主机

虚拟主机是指在同一台服务器上运行多个web站点，其中的每一个站点实际上并不占用整个服务器，可以充分利用服务器的硬件资源，节省成本。

类型

基于域名 使用不同的域名，但是对应的ip和端口都是一样的
基于IP 使用不同的域名，但是每个域名对应的ip不一样
基于端口 使用不同的域名，但是ip一样，对应的端口不一样，用户访问的时候需要在域名后面指定端口号

三种类型虚拟主机的搭建

（测试环境www.beyondjie.com,bbs.beyondjie.com，由于实验环境没有DNS服务器，所以需要修改hosts文件）

基于域名

1）编辑/usr/local/httpd/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.com文件[root@Apache_Server conf]# catextra/httpd-vhosts.conf NameVirtualHost 192.168.254.100:80<VirtualHost 192.168.254.100:80> ServerAdmin JeckFY@vip.com DocumentRoot "/usr/local/httpd-2.4.4/htdocs/www" ServerName www.beyondjie.com ServerAlias web1 ErrorLog "logs/www.beyondjie.com-error_log" CustomLog "logs/www.beyondjie.com-access_log" common</VirtualHost> <VirtualHost 192.168.254.100:80> ServerAdmin JeckFY@vip.com DocumentRoot "/usr/local/httpd-2.4.4/htdocs/bbs" ServerName bbs.beyondjie.com ErrorLog "logs/bbs.beyondjie.com-error_log" CustomLog "logs/bbs.beyondjie.com-access_log" common</VirtualHost>2）编辑httpd.conf，支持虚拟主机[root@Apache_Server conf]# echo"Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf" >>httpd.conf[root@Apache_Server conf]# tail -1httpd.confInclude conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf 3）创建对应的测试网页文件。重启Apache [root@Apache_Server conf]# cd/usr/local/httpd/htdocs/[root@Apache_Server htdocs]# rm -fr *[root@Apache_Server htdocs]# mkdir www[root@Apache_Server htdocs]# mkdir bbs[root@Apache_Server htdocs]# echo"<h1>www.beyondjie.com</h1>" > www/index.html[root@Apache_Server htdocs]# echo"<h1>bbs.beyondjie.com</h1>" > bbs/index.html [root@Apache_Server htdocs]# catwww/index.html <h1>www.beyondjie.com</h1>[root@Apache_Server htdocs]# catbbs/index.html <h1>bbs.beyondjie.com</h1>重启apache[root@Apache_Server conf]# service httpdrestart停止 httpd： [确定]正在启动 httpd：AH00548:NameVirtualHost has no effect and will be removed in the next release/usr/local/httpd-2.4.4/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf:1 [确定]重启提示NameVirtualHost has no effect and will be removed 意思是httpd-2.4.4版本不用使用NameVirtualHost。所以删掉即可（httpd-2.2.*需要）在客户机上配置hosts解析，并测试[root@Client ~]# echo"192.168.254.100 www.beyondjie.com bbs.beyondjie.com" >>/etc/hosts[root@Client ~]# tail -1 /etc/hosts192.168.254.100 www.beyondjie.combbs.beyondjie.com[root@Client ~]# elinks -dumpwww.beyondjie.com www.beyondjie.com[root@Client ~]# elinks -dumpbbs.beyondjie.com bbs.beyondjie.com基于域名的虚拟主机创建成功

基于IP

1）本机两块网卡，ip如下[root@Apache_Server ~]# ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:F2:1A:88 inet addr:172.16.254.29 Bcast:172.16.254.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fef2:1a88/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:17 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:13 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:1637 (1.5 KiB) TXbytes:1146 (1.1 KiB) eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr00:0C:29:F2:1A:92 inet addr:192.168.254.100 Bcast:192.168.254.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fef2:1a92/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:33 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:36 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:3865 (3.7 KiB) TXbytes:4945 (4.8 KiB)2）编辑/usr/local/httpd/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.com文件[root@Apache_Server ~]# cat /usr/local/httpd/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf <VirtualHost 192.168.254.100:80> ServerAdmin JeckFY@vip.com DocumentRoot "/usr/local/httpd-2.4.4/htdocs/www" ServerName www.beyondjie.com ServerAlias web1 ErrorLog "logs/www.beyondjie.com-error_log" CustomLog "logs/www.beyondjie.com-access_log" common</VirtualHost> <VirtualHost 172.16.254.29:80> ServerAdmin JeckFY@vip.com DocumentRoot "/usr/local/httpd-2.4.4/htdocs/bbs" ServerName bbs.beyondjie.com ErrorLog "logs/bbs.beyondjie.com-error_log" CustomLog "logs/bbs.beyondjie.com-access_log" common</VirtualHost> 3)测试文件上面已经创建，现在需要修改hosts文件[root@Client ~]# tail -1 /etc/hosts192.168.254.100 www.beyondjie.com 172.16.254.29 bbs.beyondjie.com4)重启apache服务，并测试[root@Apache_Server ~]# service httpdrestart停止 httpd： [确定]正在启动 httpd： [确定] [root@Client ~]# elinks -dump www.beyondjie.com www.beyondjie.com[root@Client ~]# elinks -dumpbbs.beyondjie.com bbs.beyondjie.com 基于ip的虚拟主机已经完成

基于端口

1)编辑/usr/local/httpd/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.com文件[root@Apache_Server ~]# cat /usr/local/httpd/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf <VirtualHost 192.168.254.100:80> ServerAdmin JeckFY@vip.com DocumentRoot "/usr/local/httpd-2.4.4/htdocs/www" ServerName www.beyondjie.com ServerAlias web1 ErrorLog "logs/www.beyondjie.com-error_log" CustomLog "logs/www.beyondjie.com-access_log" common</VirtualHost> <VirtualHost 192.168.254.100:8080>ServerAdminJeckFY@vip.comDocumentRoot“/usr/local/httpd-2.4.4/htdocs/bbs”ServerNamebbs.beyondjie.comErrorLog“logs/bbs.beyondjie.com-error_log”CustomLog“logs/bbs.beyondjie.com-access_log” common</VirtualHost>2)测试文件上面已经创建，现在需要修改hosts文件[root@Client ~]# tail -1 /etc/hosts192.168.254.100 www.beyondjie.combbs.beyondjie.com3)编辑httpd.conf文件，加入监听的8080端口Listen 80Listen 8080 4)重启apache服务并测试[root@Apache_Server ~]# service httpdrestart停止 httpd： [确定]正在启动 httpd： [确定] [root@Client ~]# elinks -dumpwww.beyondjie.com:80 www.beyondjie.com[root@Client ~]# elinks -dumpbbs.beyondjie.com:8080 bbs.beyondjie.com基于端口的虚拟主机完成总结：1．三种虚拟主机类型的实现主要是修改<virtualhost >里的参数。
2．基于域名的虚拟主机需要开启NameVirtualhost参数。其他两个用#注释掉即可。
但是注意：httpd-2.4.*版本不需要此参数3．基于ip的虚拟主机至少需要两块网卡
4．基于端口的虚拟主机需要在httpd.conf中添加监听的端口