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Java—解析XML的几种方式

2014-12-08 11:02 281 查看

DOM的全称是Document Object Model，也即文档对象模型。在应用程序中，基于DOM的XML分析器将一个XML文档转换成一个对象模型的集合（通常称DOM树），应用程序正是通过对这个对象模型的操作，来实现对XML文档数据的操作。通过DOM接口，应用程序可以在任何时候访问XML文档中的任何一部分数据，因此，这种利用DOM接口的机制也被称作随机访问机制。

DOM接口提供了一种通过分层对象模型来访问XML文档信息的方式，这些分层对象模型依据XML的文档结构形成了一棵节点树。无论XML文档中所描述的是什么类型的信息，即便是制表数据、项目列表或一个文档，利用DOM所生成的模型都是节点树的形式。也就是说，DOM强制使用树模型来访问XML文档中的信息。由于XML本质上就是一种分层结构，所以这种描述方法是相当有效的。

DOM树所提供的随机访问方式给应用程序的开发带来了很大的灵活性，它可以任意地控制整个XML文档中的内容。然而，由于DOM分析器把整个XML文档转化成DOM树放在了内存中，因此，当文档比较大或者结构比较复杂时，对内存的需求就比较高。而且，对于结构复杂的树的遍历也是一项耗时的操作。所以，DOM分析器对机器性能的要求比较高，实现效率不十分理想。不过，由于DOM分析器所采用的树结构的思想与XML文档的结构相吻合，同时鉴于随机访问所带来的方便，因此，DOM分析器还是有很广泛的使用价值的。

Java代码

import java.io.File;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;

import org.w3c.dom.Element;

import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;

public class DomTest1

{

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception

{

// step 1: 获得dom解析器工厂（工作的作用是用于创建具体的解析器）

DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();

// System.out.println("class name: " + dbf.getClass().getName());

// step 2:获得具体的dom解析器

DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();

// System.out.println("class name: " + db.getClass().getName());

// step3: 解析一个xml文档，获得Document对象（根结点）

Document document = db.parse(new File("candidate.xml"));

NodeList list = document.getElementsByTagName("PERSON");

for(int i = 0; i < list.getLength(); i++)

{

Element element = (Element)list.item(i);

String content = element.getElementsByTagName("NAME").item(0).getFirstChild().getNodeValue();

System.out.println("name:" + content);

content = element.getElementsByTagName("ADDRESS").item(0).getFirstChild().getNodeValue();

System.out.println("address:" + content);

content = element.getElementsByTagName("TEL").item(0).getFirstChild().getNodeValue();

System.out.println("tel:" + content);

content = element.getElementsByTagName("FAX").item(0).getFirstChild().getNodeValue();

System.out.println("fax:" + content);

content = element.getElementsByTagName("EMAIL").item(0).getFirstChild().getNodeValue();

System.out.println("email:" + content);

System.out.println("--------------------------------------");

}

}

}

Java代码

import java.io.File;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;

import org.w3c.dom.Attr;

import org.w3c.dom.Comment;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;

import org.w3c.dom.Element;

import org.w3c.dom.NamedNodeMap;

import org.w3c.dom.Node;

import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;

/**

* 使用递归解析给定的任意一个xml文档并且将其内容输出到命令行上

* @author zhanglong

*

*/

public class DomTest3

{

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception

{

DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();

DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();

Document doc = db.parse(new File("student.xml"));

//获得根元素结点

Element root = doc.getDocumentElement();

parseElement(root);

}

private static void parseElement(Element element)

{

String tagName = element.getNodeName();

NodeList children = element.getChildNodes();

System.out.print("<" + tagName);

//element元素的所有属性所构成的NamedNodeMap对象，需要对其进行判断

NamedNodeMap map = element.getAttributes();

//如果该元素存在属性

if(null != map)

{

for(int i = 0; i < map.getLength(); i++)

{

//获得该元素的每一个属性

Attr attr = (Attr)map.item(i);

String attrName = attr.getName();

String attrValue = attr.getValue();

System.out.print(" " + attrName + "=\"" + attrValue + "\"");

}

}

System.out.print(">");

for(int i = 0; i < children.getLength(); i++)

{

Node node = children.item(i);

//获得结点的类型

short nodeType = node.getNodeType();

if(nodeType == Node.ELEMENT_NODE)

{

//是元素，继续递归

parseElement((Element)node);

}

else if(nodeType == Node.TEXT_NODE)

{

//递归出口

System.out.print(node.getNodeValue());

}

else if(nodeType == Node.COMMENT_NODE)

{

System.out.print("");

}

}

System.out.print("</" + tagName + ">");

}

}

sax：SAX的全称是Simple APIs for XML，也即XML简单应用程序接口。与DOM不同，SAX提供的访问模式是一种顺序模式，这是一种快速读写XML数据的方式。当使用SAX分析器对XML文档进行分析时，会触发一系列事件，并激活相应的事件处理函数，应用程序通过这些事件处理函数实现对XML文档的访问，因而SAX接口也被称作事件驱动接口。

Java代码

import java.io.File;

import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;

import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;

import org.xml.sax.Attributes;

import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;

public class SaxTest1

{

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception

{

//step1：获得SAX解析器工厂实例

SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();

//step2: 获得SAX解析器实例

SAXParser parser = factory.newSAXParser();

//step3: 开始进行解析

parser.parse(new File("student.xml"), new MyHandler());

}

}

class MyHandler extends DefaultHandler

{

@Override

public void startDocument() throws SAXException

{

System.out.println("parse began");

}

@Override

public void endDocument() throws SAXException

{

System.out.println("parse finished");

}

@Override

public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName,

Attributes attributes) throws SAXException

{

System.out.println("start element");

}

@Override

public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName)

throws SAXException

{

System.out.println("finish element");

}

}

Java代码

import java.io.File;

import java.util.Stack;

import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;

import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;

import org.xml.sax.Attributes;

import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;

public class SaxTest2

{

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception

{

SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();

SAXParser parser = factory.newSAXParser();

parser.parse(new File("student.xml"), new MyHandler2());

}

}

class MyHandler2 extends DefaultHandler

{

private Stack<String> stack = new Stack<String>();

private String name;

private String gender;

private String age;

@Override

public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName,

Attributes attributes) throws SAXException

{

stack.push(qName);

for(int i = 0; i < attributes.getLength(); i++)

{

String attrName = attributes.getQName(i);

String attrValue = attributes.getValue(i);

System.out.println(attrName + "=" + attrValue);

}

}

@Override

public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length)

throws SAXException

{

String tag = stack.peek();

if("姓名".equals(tag))

{

name = new String(ch, start,length);

}

else if("性别".equals(tag))

{

gender = new String(ch, start, length);

}

else if("年龄".equals(tag))

{

age = new String(ch, start, length);

}

}

@Override

public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName)

throws SAXException

{

stack.pop(); //表示该元素已经解析完毕，需要从栈中弹出

if("学生".equals(qName))

{

System.out.println("姓名：" + name);

System.out.println("性别：" + gender);

System.out.println("年龄：" + age);

System.out.println();

}

}

}

JDOM:

JDOM是一个开源项目，它基于树型结构，利用纯JAVA的技术对XML文档实现解析、生成、序列化以及多种操作。（http://jdom.org）

•JDOM 直接为JAVA编程服务。它利用更为强有力的JAVA语言的诸多特性（方法重载、集合概念等），把SAX和DOM的功能有效地结合起来。

•JDOM是用Java语言读、写、操作XML的新API函数。在直接、简单和高效的前提下，这些API函数被最大限度的优化。

jdom创建xml

Java代码

import java.io.FileWriter;

import org.jdom.Attribute;

import org.jdom.Comment;

import org.jdom.Document;

import org.jdom.Element;

import org.jdom.output.Format;

import org.jdom.output.XMLOutputter;

public class JDomTest1

{

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception

{

Document document = new Document();

Element root = new Element("root");

document.addContent(root);

Comment comment = new Comment("This is my comments");

root.addContent(comment);

Element e = new Element("hello");

e.setAttribute("sohu", "www.sohu.com");

root.addContent(e);

Element e2 = new Element("world");

Attribute attr = new Attribute("test", "hehe");

e2.setAttribute(attr);

e.addContent(e2);

e2.addContent(new Element("aaa").setAttribute("a", "b")

.setAttribute("x", "y").setAttribute("gg", "hh").setText("text content"));

Format format = Format.getPrettyFormat();

format.setIndent(" ");

// format.setEncoding("gbk");

XMLOutputter out = new XMLOutputter(format);

out.output(document, new FileWriter("jdom.xml"));

}

}

JDOM解析xml

Java代码

import java.io.File;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import java.util.List;

import org.jdom.Attribute;

import org.jdom.Document;

import org.jdom.Element;

import org.jdom.input.SAXBuilder;

import org.jdom.output.Format;

import org.jdom.output.XMLOutputter;

public class JDomTest2

{

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception

{

SAXBuilder builder = new SAXBuilder();

Document doc = builder.build(new File("jdom.xml"));

Element element = doc.getRootElement();

System.out.println(element.getName());

Element hello = element.getChild("hello");

System.out.println(hello.getText());

List list = hello.getAttributes();

for(int i = 0 ;i < list.size(); i++)

{

Attribute attr = (Attribute)list.get(i);

String attrName = attr.getName();

String attrValue = attr.getValue();

System.out.println(attrName + "=" + attrValue);

}

hello.removeChild("world");

XMLOutputter out = new XMLOutputter(Format.getPrettyFormat().setIndent(" "));

out.output(doc, new FileOutputStream("jdom2.xml"));

}

}

Dom4j

Java代码

import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import java.io.FileWriter;

import org.dom4j.Document;

import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;

import org.dom4j.Element;

import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat;

import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;

public class Test1

{

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception

{

// 创建文档并设置文档的根元素节点：第一种方式

// Document document = DocumentHelper.createDocument();

//

// Element root = DocumentHelper.createElement("student");

//

// document.setRootElement(root);

// 创建文档并设置文档的根元素节点：第二种方式

Element root = DocumentHelper.createElement("student");

Document document = DocumentHelper.createDocument(root);

root.addAttribute("name", "zhangsan");

Element helloElement = root.addElement("hello");

Element worldElement = root.addElement("world");

helloElement.setText("hello");

worldElement.setText("world");

helloElement.addAttribute("age", "20");

XMLWriter xmlWriter = new XMLWriter();

xmlWriter.write(document);

OutputFormat format = new OutputFormat(" ", true);

XMLWriter xmlWriter2 = new XMLWriter(new FileOutputStream("student2.xml"), format);

xmlWriter2.write(document);

XMLWriter xmlWriter3 = new XMLWriter(new FileWriter("student3.xml"), format);

xmlWriter3.write(document);

xmlWriter3.close();

}

}

Java代码

import java.io.File;

import java.util.Iterator;

import java.util.List;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;

import org.dom4j.Document;

import org.dom4j.Element;

import org.dom4j.io.DOMReader;

import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;

public class Test2

{

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception

{

SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();

Document doc = saxReader.read(new File("student2.xml"));

Element root = doc.getRootElement();

System.out.println("root element: " + root.getName());

List childList = root.elements();

System.out.println(childList.size());

List childList2 = root.elements("hello");

System.out.println(childList2.size());

Element first = root.element("hello");

System.out.println(first.attributeValue("age"));

for(Iterator iter = root.elementIterator(); iter.hasNext();)

{

Element e = (Element)iter.next();

System.out.println(e.attributeValue("age"));

}

System.out.println("---------------------------");

DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();

DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();

org.w3c.dom.Document document = db.parse(new File("student2.xml"));

DOMReader domReader = new DOMReader();

//将JAXP的Document转换为dom4j的Document

Document d = domReader.read(document);

Element rootElement = d.getRootElement();

System.out.println(rootElement.getName());

}

}

Java代码

import java.io.FileWriter;

import org.jdom.Attribute;

import org.jdom.Document;

import org.jdom.Element;

import org.jdom.output.Format;

import org.jdom.output.XMLOutputter;

public class Test3

{

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception

{

Document document = new Document();

Element root = new Element("联系人列表").setAttribute(new Attribute("公司",

"A集团"));

document.addContent(root);

Element contactPerson = new Element("联系人");

root.addContent(contactPerson);

contactPerson

.addContent(new Element("姓名").setText("张三"))

.addContent(new Element("公司").setText("A公司"))

.addContent(new Element("电话").setText("021-55556666"))

.addContent(

new Element("地址")

.addContent(new Element("街道").setText("5街"))

.addContent(new Element("城市").setText("上海"))

.addContent(new Element("省份").setText("上海市")));

XMLOutputter output = new XMLOutputter(Format.getPrettyFormat()

.setIndent(" ").setEncoding("gbk"));

output.output(document, new FileWriter("contact.xml"));

}

}

附：

XML现在已经成为一种通用的数据交换格式,它的平台无关性,语言无关性,系统无关性,给数据集成与交互带来了极大的方便。对于XML本身的语法知识与技术细节,需要阅读相关的技术文献,这里面包括的内容有DOM(Document Object Model),DTD(Document Type Definition),SAX(Simple API for XML),XSD(Xml Schema Definition),XSLT(Extensible
Stylesheet Language Transformations),具体可参阅w3c官方网站文档http://www.w3.org获取更多信息。

XML在不同的语言里解析方式都是一样的,只不过实现的语法不同而已。基本的解析方式有两种,一种叫SAX，另一种叫DOM。SAX是基于事件流的解析,DOM是基于XML文档树结构的解析。假设我们XML的内容和结构如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<employees>
<employee>
<name>ddviplinux</name>
<sex>m</sex>
<age>30</age>
</employee>
</employees>

本文使用JAVA语言来实现DOM与SAX的XML文档生成与解析。

首先定义一个操作XML文档的接口XmlDocument 它定义了XML文档的建立与解析的接口。

package com.alisoft.facepay.framework.bean;
/**
*
* @author hongliang.dinghl
* 定义XML文档建立与解析的接口
*/
public interface XmlDocument {
/**
* 建立XML文档
* @param fileName 文件全路径名称
*/
public void createXml(String fileName);
/**
* 解析XML文档
* @param fileName 文件全路径名称
*/
public void parserXml(String fileName);
}

1.DOM生成和解析XML文档

为 XML 文档的已解析版本定义了一组接口。解析器读入整个文档，然后构建一个驻留内存的树结构，然后代码就可以使用 DOM 接口来操作这个树结构。优点：整个文档树在内存中，便于操作；支持删除、修改、重新排列等多种功能；缺点：将整个文档调入内存（包括无用的节点），浪费时间和空间；使用场合：一旦解析了文档还需多次访问这些数据；硬件资源充足（内存、CPU）。

package com.alisoft.facepay.framework.bean;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
/**
*
* @author hongliang.dinghl
* DOM生成与解析XML文档
*/
public class DomDemo implements XmlDocument {
private Document document;
private String fileName;
public void init() {
try {
DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory
.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
this.document = builder.newDocument();
} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
}
public void createXml(String fileName) {
Element root = this.document.createElement("employees");
this.document.appendChild(root);
Element employee = this.document.createElement("employee");
Element name = this.document.createElement("name");
name.appendChild(this.document.createTextNode("丁宏亮"));
employee.appendChild(name);
Element sex = this.document.createElement("sex");
sex.appendChild(this.document.createTextNode("m"));
employee.appendChild(sex);
Element age = this.document.createElement("age");
age.appendChild(this.document.createTextNode("30"));
employee.appendChild(age);
root.appendChild(employee);
TransformerFactory tf = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
try {
Transformer transformer = tf.newTransformer();
DOMSource source = new DOMSource(document);
transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "gb2312");
transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");
PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(new FileOutputStream(fileName));
StreamResult result = new StreamResult(pw);
transformer.transform(source, result);
System.out.println("生成XML文件成功!");
} catch (TransformerConfigurationException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
} catch (TransformerException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
}
public void parserXml(String fileName) {
try {
DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
Document document = db.parse(fileName);
NodeList employees = document.getChildNodes();
for (int i = 0; i < employees.getLength(); i++) {
Node employee = employees.item(i);
NodeList employeeInfo = employee.getChildNodes();
for (int j = 0; j < employeeInfo.getLength(); j++) {
Node node = employeeInfo.item(j);
NodeList employeeMeta = node.getChildNodes();
for (int k = 0; k < employeeMeta.getLength(); k++) {
System.out.println(employeeMeta.item(k).getNodeName()
+ ":" + employeeMeta.item(k).getTextContent());
}
}
}
System.out.println("解析完毕");
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
} catch (SAXException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
}
}

2.SAX生成和解析XML文档

为解决DOM的问题，出现了SAX。SAX ，事件驱动。当解析器发现元素开始、元素结束、文本、文档的开始或结束等时，发送事件，程序员编写响应这些事件的代码，保存数据。优点：不用事先调入整个文档，占用资源少；SAX解析器代码比DOM解析器代码小，适于Applet，下载。缺点：不是持久的；事件过后，若没保存数据，那么数据就丢了；无状态性；从事件中只能得到文本，但不知该文本属于哪个元素；使用场合：Applet;只需XML文档的少量内容，很少回头访问；机器内存少；

Java代码

package com.alisoft.facepay.framework.bean;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;

import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;
/**
*
* @author hongliang.dinghl
* SAX文档解析
*/
public class SaxDemo implements XmlDocument {

public void createXml(String fileName) {
System.out.println("<<"+filename+">>");
}

public void parserXml(String fileName) {
SAXParserFactory saxfac = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();

try {

SAXParser saxparser = saxfac.newSAXParser();

InputStream is = new FileInputStream(fileName);

saxparser.parse(is, new MySAXHandler());

} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (SAXException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

class MySAXHandler extends DefaultHandler {

boolean hasAttribute = false;

Attributes attributes = null;

public void startDocument() throws SAXException {

System.out.println("文档开始打印了");

}

public void endDocument() throws SAXException {

System.out.println("文档打印结束了");

}

public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName,

Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {

if (qName.equals("employees")) {

return;

}

if (qName.equals("employee")) {

System.out.println(qName);

}

if (attributes.getLength() > 0) {

this.attributes = attributes;

this.hasAttribute = true;

}

}

public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName)

throws SAXException {

if (hasAttribute && (attributes != null)) {

for (int i = 0; i < attributes.getLength(); i++) {

System.out.println(attributes.getQName(0)
+ attributes.getValue(0));

}

}

}

public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length)

throws SAXException {

System.out.println(new String(ch, start, length));

}

}
package com.alisoft.facepay.framework.bean;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;
import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;
/**
*
* @author hongliang.dinghl
* SAX文档解析
*/
public class SaxDemo implements XmlDocument {
public void createXml(String fileName) {
System.out.println("<<"+filename+">>");
}
public void parserXml(String fileName) {
SAXParserFactory saxfac = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
try {
SAXParser saxparser = saxfac.newSAXParser();
InputStream is = new FileInputStream(fileName);
saxparser.parse(is, new MySAXHandler());
} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SAXException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
class MySAXHandler extends DefaultHandler {
boolean hasAttribute = false;
Attributes attributes = null;
public void startDocument() throws SAXException {
System.out.println("文档开始打印了");
}
public void endDocument() throws SAXException {
System.out.println("文档打印结束了");
}
public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName,
Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {
if (qName.equals("employees")) {
return;
}
if (qName.equals("employee")) {
System.out.println(qName);
}
if (attributes.getLength() > 0) {
this.attributes = attributes;
this.hasAttribute = true;
}
}
public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName)
throws SAXException {
if (hasAttribute && (attributes != null)) {
for (int i = 0; i < attributes.getLength(); i++) {
System.out.println(attributes.getQName(0)
+ attributes.getValue(0));
}
}
}
public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length)
throws SAXException {
System.out.println(new String(ch, start, length));
}
}

3.DOM4J生成和解析XML文档

DOM4J 是一个非常非常优秀的Java XML API，具有性能优异、功能强大和极端易用使用的特点，同时它也是一个开放源代码的软件。如今你可以看到越来越多的 Java 软件都在使用 DOM4J 来读写 XML，特别值得一提的是连 Sun 的 JAXM 也在用 DOM4J。

Java代码

package com.alisoft.facepay.framework.bean;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.util.Iterator;

import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;
/**
*
* @author hongliang.dinghl
* Dom4j 生成XML文档与解析XML文档
*/
public class Dom4jDemo implements XmlDocument {

public void createXml(String fileName) {
Document document = DocumentHelper.createDocument();
Element employees=document.addElement("employees");
Element employee=employees.addElement("employee");
Element name= employee.addElement("name");
name.setText("ddvip");
Element sex=employee.addElement("sex");
sex.setText("m");
Element age=employee.addElement("age");
age.setText("29");
try {
Writer fileWriter=new FileWriter(fileName);
XMLWriter xmlWriter=new XMLWriter(fileWriter);
xmlWriter.write(document);
xmlWriter.close();
} catch (IOException e) {

System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}

}

public void parserXml(String fileName) {
File inputXml=new File(fileName);
SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
try {
Document document = saxReader.read(inputXml);
Element employees=document.getRootElement();
for(Iterator i = employees.elementIterator(); i.hasNext();){
Element employee = (Element) i.next();
for(Iterator j = employee.elementIterator(); j.hasNext();){
Element node=(Element) j.next();
System.out.println(node.getName()+":"+node.getText());
}

}
} catch (DocumentException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
System.out.println("dom4j parserXml");
}
}

4.JDOM生成和解析XML

为减少DOM、SAX的编码量，出现了JDOM；优点：20-80原则，极大减少了代码量。使用场合：要实现的功能简单，如解析、创建等，但在底层，JDOM还是使用SAX（最常用）、DOM、Xanan文档。

<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">package com.alisoft.facepay.framework.bean;   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" /><br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />import java.io.FileNotFoundException;   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />import java.io.FileOutputStream;   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />import java.io.IOException;   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />import java.util.List;   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" /><br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />import org.jdom.Document;   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />import org.jdom.Element;   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />import org.jdom.JDOMException;   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />import org.jdom.input.SAXBuilder;   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />import org.jdom.output.XMLOutputter;   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />/**  <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />*   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />* @author hongliang.dinghl  <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />* JDOM 生成与解析XML文档  <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />*   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />*/  <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />public class JDomDemo implements XmlDocument {   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" /><br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />public void createXml(String fileName) {   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />Document document;   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />Element  root;   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />root=new Element("employees");   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />document=new Document(root);   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />Element employee=new Element("employee");   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />root.addContent(employee);   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />Element name=new Element("name");   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />name.setText("ddvip");   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />employee.addContent(name);   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />Element sex=new Element("sex");   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />sex.setText("m");   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />employee.addContent(sex);   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />Element age=new Element("age");   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />age.setText("23");   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />employee.addContent(age);   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />XMLOutputter XMLOut = new XMLOutputter();   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />try {   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />XMLOut.output(document, new FileOutputStream(fileName));   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />e.printStackTrace();   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />} catch (IOException e) {   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />e.printStackTrace();   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />}   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" /><br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />}   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" /><br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />public void parserXml(String fileName) {   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />SAXBuilder builder=new SAXBuilder(false);    <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />try {   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />Document document=builder.build(fileName);   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />Element employees=document.getRootElement();    <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />List employeeList=employees.getChildren("employee");   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />for(int i=0;i<employeelist.size();i++){
Element employee=(Element)employeeList.get(i);   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />List employeeInfo=employee.getChildren();   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />for(int j=0;j<employeeinfo.size();j++){
System.out.println(((Element)employeeInfo.get(j)).getName()+":"+((Element)employeeInfo.get(j)).getValue());   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" /><br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />}   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />}   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />} catch (JDOMException e) {   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" /><br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />e.printStackTrace();   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />} catch (IOException e) {   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" /><br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />e.printStackTrace();   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />}    <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" /><br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />}   <br style="clear: both; width: 0px; height: 0px;" />}  
</span>

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