vmware ubuntu linux tomcat Xshell Xftp 搭建网站后台——（六）mysql下载安装配置及编码设置

一、下载mysql

最简单方法，直接输入命令：sudo apt-get install mysql-server。装完已经自动配置好环境变量，可以直接使用mysql的命令。

下载安装过程中会提示输入用户名和密码，非常easy!

　　 注：建议将/etc/apt/source.list中的cn改成us，美国的服务器比中国的快很多。

二、配置mysql

1、启动mysql

2、在mydql>中输入：show variables like 'character%'; 查看编码

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| character_set_client | latin1 |

| character_set_connection | latin1 |

| character_set_database | latin1 |

| character_set_results | latin1 |

| character_set_server | latin1 |

| character_set_system | utf8 |

| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

3、设置为utf8mb4编码（生产上多用次编码）

a、 控制台命令：locate my.cnf 查找mysql配置文件：my.cnf

b、 编辑 my.cnf 文件如下（红色为本人改动）：

[client]

port = 3306

socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

default-character-set = utf8mb4

# Here is entries for some specific programs

# The following values assume you have at least 32M ram

# This was formally known as [safe_mysqld]. Both versions are currently parsed.

[mysqld_safe]

socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

nice = 0

[mysqld]

character-set-client-handshake = FALSE

character-set-server = utf8mb4

collation-server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci

#

# * Basic Settings

#

user = mysql

pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

port = 3306

basedir = /usr

datadir = /var/lib/mysql

tmpdir = /tmp

lc-messages-dir = /usr/share/mysql

skip-external-locking

#

# Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on

# localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure.

bind-address = 0.0.0.0

"/etc/mysql/my.cnf" [readonly] 132L, 3675C

4、重启mysql(非常重要)

5、测试配置

在mydql>中输入：show variables like 'character%'; 查看编码应该如下：

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| character_set_client | utf8mb4 |

| character_set_connection | utf8mb4 |

| character_set_database | utf8mb4 |

| character_set_filesystem | binary |

| character_set_results | utf8mb4 |

| character_set_server | utf8mb4 |

| character_set_system | utf8 |

| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

四、修改Xshell编码

1、修改连接编码

xshell中选中要连接的会话=>右击选“属性”=>类别选“终端”=>编码下拉选“unicodeutf-8”=>确定

2、修改Xshell工具栏上“编码”按钮，选择“utf8”

五、修改ubuntu编码

1、查看服务器编码，命令行输入：locale

LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8

LANGUAGE=zh_CN:zh

LC_CTYPE="zh_CN.UTF-8"

LC_NUMERIC=zh_CN

LC_TIME=zh_CN

LC_COLLATE="zh_CN.UTF-8"

LC_MONETARY=zh_CN

LC_MESSAGES="zh_CN.UTF-8"

LC_PAPER=zh_CN

LC_NAME=zh_CN

LC_ADDRESS=zh_CN

LC_TELEPHONE=zh_CN

LC_MEASUREMENT=zh_CN

LC_IDENTIFICATION=zh_CN

LC_ALL=

2、修改服务器编码

a、使用管理员权限进入/etc/default/

b、使用vi编辑文件:locale 如下：

LANG="en_US.UTF-8"

LANGUAGE="en_US:"

~

~

3、重启服务器（虚拟机）

4、再次查看服务器编码、命令行输入：locale

LANG=en_US.UTF-8

LANGUAGE=en_US:

LC_CTYPE="en_US.UTF-8"

LC_NUMERIC="en_US.UTF-8"

LC_TIME="en_US.UTF-8"

LC_COLLATE="en_US.UTF-8"

LC_MONETARY="en_US.UTF-8"

LC_MESSAGES="en_US.UTF-8"

LC_PAPER="en_US.UTF-8"

LC_NAME="en_US.UTF-8"

LC_ADDRESS="en_US.UTF-8"

LC_TELEPHONE="en_US.UTF-8"

LC_MEASUREMENT="en_US.UTF-8"

LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_US.UTF-8"

LC_ALL=

全部设置为utf-8 成功。

通过以上五部设置，所有编码都设置为统一utf8，就可以再Xshell中输入中文，mysql中也可以输入中文，全部搞定！