Spring中依赖注入的使用和配置

使用方法1：

//在执行此实例化的时候就会完成所有注入
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");

UserService service = (UserService)ctx.getBean("userService");

使用方法2：

public class SocketRequest {

/**
* 默认实例
*/
private static final SocketRequest INSTANCE = new SocketRequest();

/**
* 获取默认实例
*
* @return 默认实例
*/
public static SocketRequest get() {
return INSTANCE;
}

/**
* 处理系统控制器操作方法
*
* @param context
* spring上下文
*/
public void methodHolder(ApplicationContext context) {
String[] beans = context.getBeanDefinitionNames();//通过此方法可以获得所有的注入类

} }

public class GameServer implements ApplicationContextAware{
@Override
public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext arg0)
throws BeansException {
SocketRequest.get().methodHolder(arg0);
}
}

public class mainServer {

public static void main(String[] args) {

//在执行此实例化的时候就会完成所有注入，同时会调用GameServer的setApplicationContext方法

GameServer server = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("server.xml").getBean(GameServer.class);

}
}

[b]Spring配置[/b]

1.属性中引用另外的bean

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd"> <!-- IoC控制反转 -->
<bean id="u" class="com.bjsxt.dao.impl.UserDAOImpl">
</bean>
<!-- 属性中引用另外的bean-->
<bean id="userService" class="com.bjsxt.service.UserService">
<property name="userDAO" ref="u" />
</bean>
</beans>

2.有构造函数的注入

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd"> <!-- IoC控制反转 -->
<bean id="u" class="com.bjsxt.dao.impl.UserDAOImpl">
</bean>
<bean id="userService" class="com.bjsxt.service.UserService">
<!-- 有构造函数的注入 -->
<constructor-arg>
<ref bean="u" />
</constructor-arg>
</bean>
</beans>

3.有属性的注入,直接把属性写入，很少用到

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd"> <!-- IoC控制反转 -->
<bean name="u" class="com.bjsxt.dao.impl.UserDAOImpl">
<!-- 有属性的注入,直接把属性写入，很少用到 -->
<property name="daoId" value="123"></property>
<property name="daoStatus" value="DDD"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 可以写id也可以写name(如果是name则可以写特殊字符) -->
<bean id="userService" class="com.bjsxt.service.UserService">
<constructor-arg>
<ref bean="u" />
</constructor-arg>
</bean>
</beans>

4.scope范围，默认是singleton即单例，如果是prototype则每次是新实例

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd"> <!-- IoC控制反转 -->
<bean name="u" class="com.bjsxt.dao.impl.UserDAOImpl">
<property name="daoId" value="123"></property>
<property name="daoStatus" value="DDD"></property>
</bean>
<!-- scope范围，默认是singleton即单例，如果是prototype则每次是新实例 -->
<bean id="userService" class="com.bjsxt.service.UserService" scope="prototype">
<constructor-arg>
<ref bean="u" />
</constructor-arg>
</bean>
</beans>

5.可以注入集合类型

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd"> <!-- IoC控制反转 -->
<bean name="u" class="com.bjsxt.dao.impl.UserDAOImpl">
<!-- 可以注入集合类型 -->
<property name="sets">
<set>
<value>1</value>
<value>2</value>
</set>
</property>
<property name="lists">
<list>
<value>1</value>
<value>2</value>
<value>3</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="maps">
<map>
<entry key="1" value="1"></entry>
<entry key="2" value="2"></entry>
<entry key="3" value="3"></entry>
<entry key="4" value="4"></entry>
</map>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="userService" class="com.bjsxt.service.UserService"
scope="prototype">
<constructor-arg>
<ref bean="u" />
</constructor-arg>
</bean>
</beans>

6.自动装配

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd"> <!-- IoC控制反转 -->
<bean name="userDAO" class="com.bjsxt.dao.impl.UserDAOImpl">
<property name="name" value="myname"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 自动装配(用的不多)：
byName按名称自动匹配（即要装配的bean中的属性名称和配置中的bean名称相同就会自动装配，如UserService类中的属性和userDAO的bean名称相同就自动装配）
byType按类型自动匹配 （即要装配的bean中的属性类型和配置中的bean的类型相同就会自动装配，如UserService类中的属性类型和userDAO的bean类型相同就自动装配）
-->
<bean id="userService" class="com.bjsxt.service.UserService"
autowire="default">
</bean>

</beans>

7.初始化bean时执行init-method方法和销毁的时候执行destroy-method方法

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd" default-autowire="byName" >
<!-- IoC控制反转 -->
<bean name="userDAO" class="com.bjsxt.dao.impl.UserDAOImpl">
<property name="name" value="myname"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 初始化bean时执行init-method方法和销毁的时候执行destroy-method方法 -->
<bean id="userService" class="com.bjsxt.service.UserService"
init-method="init" destroy-method="destroy">
</bean>
</beans>

8.使用注解

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd"> <context:annotation-config></context:annotation-config>
</beans>

9.扫描包名，包名下的类都可以注入。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="com.bjsxt"></context:component-scan>
</beans>

10.实际项目配置参考

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jdbc="http://www.eelpo.com/schema/jdbc" xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.eelpo.com/schema/jdbc http://www.eelpo.com/schema/jdbc/jdbc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> 
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:system.properties" />

<context:component-scan base-package="com.egaplay.foi.controller" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.egaplay.foi.core.listener" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.egaplay.foi.tools.controller" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.egaplay.foi.module.*.service" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.egaplay.foi.module" resource-pattern="Context.class" />

<jdbc:repositories base-package="com.egaplay.foi.module.*.dao"></jdbc:repositories>

<bean class="com.eelpo.framework.socket.server.GameServer">
<property name="port" value="${port}" />
<property name="shutdownPort" value="${shutdownPort}" />
<property name="crossDomainPort" value="${crossDomainPort}" />
<property name="startCrossDomainServer" value="${startCrossDomainServer}" />
<property name="shutdownCommand" value="${shutdownCommand}" />
<property name="executionHandler" ref="executionHandler" />
<property name="socketIdleStateHandler" ref="socketIdleStateHandler" />
<property name="gameServerListener" ref="foiServerListener" />
<property name="socketIdleListener" ref="foiSocketIdleListener" />
<property name="socketSessionListener" ref="foiSocketSessionListener" />
<property name="socketContextListener" ref="foiSocketContextListener" />
<property name="socketRequestListener" ref="foiSocketRequestListener" />
</bean>

<bean id="executionHandler" class="org.jboss.netty.handler.execution.ExecutionHandler">
<constructor-arg index="0">
<bean class="org.jboss.netty.handler.execution.OrderedMemoryAwareThreadPoolExecutor">
<constructor-arg index="0" value="${threadPool.corePoolSize}" type="int" />
<constructor-arg index="1" value="${threadPool.maxChannelMemorySize}" type="long" />
<constructor-arg index="2" value="${threadPool.maxTotalMemorySize}" type="long" />
<constructor-arg index="3" value="${threadPool.keepAliveTime}" type="long" />
<constructor-arg index="4" value="SECONDS" type="java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit" />
<constructor-arg index="5">
<bean class="com.eelpo.framework.utils.concurrent.NamedThreadFactory">
<constructor-arg index="0" value="Business Process #" />
</bean>
</constructor-arg>
</bean>
</constructor-arg>
</bean>

<bean id="socketIdleStateHandler" class="com.eelpo.framework.socket.server.handler.SocketIdleStateHandler">
<constructor-arg index="0" ref="foiSocketIdleListener" />
<constructor-arg index="1">
<bean class="org.jboss.netty.util.HashedWheelTimer">
<constructor-arg index="0" value="${wheelTimer.tickDuration}" type="long" />
<constructor-arg index="1" value="SECONDS" type="java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit" />
<constructor-arg index="2" value="${wheelTimer.ticksPerWheel}" type="int" />
</bean>
</constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg index="2" value="${socketIdle.readerIdleTimeSeconds}" type="int" />
<constructor-arg index="3" value="${socketIdle.writerIdleTimeSeconds}" type="int" />
<constructor-arg index="4" value="${socketIdle.allIdleTimeSeconds}" type="int" />
</bean>

<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
<property name="connectionProperties" value="${jdbc.connectionProperties}" />
<property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="${dbcp.defaultAutoCommit}" />
<property name="defaultCatalog" value="${dbcp.defaultCatalog}" />
<property name="initialSize" value="${dbcp.initialSize}" />
<property name="maxActive" value="${dbcp.maxActive}" />
<property name="maxIdle" value="${dbcp.maxIdle}" />
<property name="minIdle" value="${dbcp.minIdle}" />
<property name="maxWait" value="${dbcp.maxWait}" />
<property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="${dbcp.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis}" />
<property name="numTestsPerEvictionRun" value="${dbcp.numTestsPerEvictionRun}" />
<property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="${dbcp.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis}" />
<property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="${dbcp.poolPreparedStatements}" />
<property name="maxOpenPreparedStatements" value="${dbcp.maxOpenPreparedStatements}" />
<property name="accessToUnderlyingConnectionAllowed" value="${dbcp.accessToUnderlyingConnectionAllowed}" />
<property name="removeAbandoned" value="${dbcp.removeAbandoned}" />
<property name="removeAbandonedTimeout" value="${dbcp.removeAbandonedTimeout}" />
<property name="logAbandoned" value="${dbcp.logAbandoned}" />
</bean>
</beans>