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Spring+SpringMVC+Springdatajpa+Freemarker

2014-10-10 16:55 369 查看

最近需要使用springMVC 使用 spring data jpa作为dao层。以前没有接触过。赶紧学学。记录一下。

spring data 帮我们封装了很多dao层实现。让我们只需要定义接口就可以直接使用很多基本的查询。

自己从0开始建项目熟悉一下框架的搭建。使用的 eclipse for javaee 。使用 maven管理。

首先建立一个maven项目。

添加 web.xml 作为 web应用的核心配置。这个可不能少。

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0">

<display-name>test2</display-name>



<filter>

<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>

<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>

<init-param>

<param-name>encoding</param-name>

<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>

</init-param>

<init-param>

<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>

<param-value>true</param-value>

</init-param>

</filter>

<filter-mapping>

<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>

<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

</filter-mapping>



<servlet>

<servlet-name>spring-servlet</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>



<init-param>

<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

<param-value>classpath:spring-servlet-config.xml</param-value>

</init-param>

<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>spring-servlet</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

建立 spring-servlet-config.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd">



<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:config.properties"/>

<context:annotation-config />

<mvc:annotation-driven />



<context:component-scan base-package="com.aurora.test2" />



<import resource="spring-mvc.xml"/>

<span style="white-space:pre"> </span><import resource="spring-orm.xml"/>

</beans>

spring-mvc.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

<bean id="viewResolver"

class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerViewResolver">

<property name="cache" value="true" />

<property name="prefix" value="" />

<property name="suffix" value=".ftl" />

<property name="contentType" value="text/html;charset=UTF-8"></property>

<property name="requestContextAttribute" value="request" />

<property name="exposeSpringMacroHelpers" value="true" />

<property name="exposeRequestAttributes" value="true" />

<property name="exposeSessionAttributes" value="true" />

</bean>

<bean id="multipartResolver"

class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">

<property name="maxUploadSize" value="1000000"/>

</bean>

<bean id="freemarkerConfiguration" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean">

<property name="location" value="classpath:freemarker.properties"/>

</bean>

<bean id="freemarkerConfig"

class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer">

<property name="templateLoaderPath" value="/WEB-INF/view/" />

<property name="freemarkerSettings" ref="freemarkerConfiguration"/>

</bean>

<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

<mvc:resources location="/images/**" mapping="/images/"/>

<mvc:resources location="/uploads/**" mapping="/uploads/"/>

</beans>

spring-orm.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"

xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"

xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd" >

<bean

id="dataSource"

class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"

destroy-method="close"

init-method="init" >

<property

name="url"

value="${jdbc.url}" />

<property

name="username"

value="${jdbc.user}" />

<property

name="password"

value="${jdbc.password}" />

<property

name="filters"

value="stat" />

<property

name="maxActive"

value="20" />

<property

name="initialSize"

value="1" />

<property

name="maxWait"

value="60000" />

<property

name="minIdle"

value="1" />

<property

name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis"

value="3000" />

<property

name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis"

value="300000" />

<property

name="validationQuery"

value="SELECT 'x'" />

<property

name="testWhileIdle"

value="true" />

<property

name="testOnBorrow"

value="false" />

<property

name="testOnReturn"

value="false" />

<property

name="poolPreparedStatements"

value="true" />

<property

name="maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize"

value="20" />

</bean>



<bean

id="emf"

class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean"

p:dataSource-ref="dataSource" />



<bean

id="txManager"

class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager"

p:entityManagerFactory-ref="emf" />

<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager" />

<jpa:repositories

base-package="com.aurora.test2.dao"

entity-manager-factory-ref="emf"

transaction-manager-ref="txManager" />

</beans>

config.properties

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#jdbc

jdbc.url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:1521:xxxx

jdbc.user=xxx

jdbc.password=xxx

freemarker.properties

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tag_syntax=auto_detect

template_update_delay=2

default_encoding=UTF-8

output_encoding=UTF-8

locale=zh_CN

date_format=yyyy-MM-dd

time_format=HH:mm:ss

datetime_format=yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss

hibernate.properties

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hibernate.show_sql=true

hibernate.format_sql=true

还需要在 resources/META-INF/ 下面配置 persistence.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<persistence version="2.0"

xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_0.xsd">
<persistence-unit name="xiaoyu" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">

<provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider>

</persistence-unit>

</persistence>

需要在 pom.xml 里面添加依赖包

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<dependencies>

<dependency>

<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>

<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>

<version>1.0.9</version>

</dependency>

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>

<version>3.2.1.RELEASE</version>

</dependency>

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>

<version>3.2.1.RELEASE</version>

</dependency>

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>

<version>3.2.1.RELEASE</version>

</dependency>

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>

<version>3.2.1.RELEASE</version>

</dependency>

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>

<version>3.2.1.RELEASE</version>

</dependency>

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>

<version>3.2.1.RELEASE</version>

</dependency>

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>

<version>3.2.1.RELEASE</version>

</dependency>

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>

<version>1.3.0.RELEASE</version>

</dependency>

<dependency>

<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>

<artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>

<version>4.1.9.Final</version>

</dependency>

<dependency>

<groupId>org.freemarker</groupId>

<artifactId>freemarker</artifactId>

<version>2.3.19</version>

</dependency>

<dependency>

<groupId>javax.inject</groupId>

<artifactId>javax.inject</artifactId>

<version>1</version>

</dependency>

<dependency>

<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>

<artifactId>druid</artifactId>

<version>0.2.11</version>

</dependency>

<dependency>

<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>

<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>

<version>1.2.2</version>

</dependency>

<dependency>

<groupId>mysql</groupId>

<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>

<version>5.1.23</version>

</dependency>

</dependencies>

还需要注意一点之前我们配置freemarker的根目录

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<bean id="freemarkerConfig"

class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer">

<property name="templateLoaderPath" value="/WEB-INF/view/" />

<property name="freemarkerSettings" ref="freemarkerConfiguration"/>

</bean>

所以必须要在 /web-inf/ 目录下建立 view文件夹。

ok 运行一下项目启动了。环境就搭好了。

下面开始添加java代码注意刚刚配置了注解注入的包路径是

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<context:component-scan base-package="com.aurora.test2" />

所以我们的java代码的包路径必须是这个。

在该包下建立 mvc看框架. controller 包. dao包 entity 包 service包

controller

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package com.aurora.test.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller

@RequestMapping(value="/test") //控制器map

public class TestController {

//@Autowired

//private FeedbackService feedbackService; //注入服务

@RequestMapping(value="/list") //请求map

public ModelAndView list() {

ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();

mv.setViewName("test_list");

//mv.addObject("count", feedbackService.count());

//mv.addObject("system",feedbackService.systemFeedback());

//mv.addObject("named",feedbackService.testNamed());

return mv;

}

@RequestMapping(value="/list/{id}")

public ModelAndView userList(@PathVariable Long id) {

ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();

mv.setViewName("user_list");

//mv.addObject("feedbacks", feedbackService.userFeedbacks(id));

return mv;

}

}

service层

FeedbackService.java

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package com.aurora.test.service;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import com.aurora.test.dao.FeedbackRepository;

import com.aurora.test.dao.UserRepository;

import com.aurora.test.entity.Feedback;

import com.aurora.test.entity.User;

@Service

@Transactional

public class FeedbackService {

@Autowired

private FeedbackRepository feedbackRepository;

@Autowired

private UserRepository userRepository;

public long count() {

return feedbackRepository.count();

}

public Feedback systemFeedback() {

return feedbackRepository.systemFeedback();

}

public List<Feedback> userFeedbacks(Long userId) {

User user = userRepository.findOne(userId);

return feedbackRepository.findByUser(user);

}

public Feedback testNamed() {

return feedbackRepository.testNamed();

}

}

entity 建立了2个简单的单表映射就不写了。

主要是dao层。 spring data 是只需要写接口就可以了。

一个简单的例子

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package com.aurora.test2.dao;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;

import com.aurora.test2.entity.User;

public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {

}

这样就可以了可以使用默认的很多方法。绝大部分这就已经足够了。基本的增删查改甚至分页什么的都可以了。但是也许你需要一些特殊的查询。比较复杂需要些sql。你可以这样

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@Query("from Feedback f where f.user.id=?1")

public List<Feedback> listCunstom(Long userId);

一些参数可以这样

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public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {

@Query("select u from User u where u.firstname = :firstname or u.lastname = :lastname")

User findByLastnameOrFirstname(@Param("lastname") String lastname,

@Param("firstname") String firstname);

}

通过注解的 query 来写 hql语句就可以了。

还可以通过查询的方法名来实现一些查询。比如

findByUser(User user)

定义这个方法就可以了不用实现。spring data会自动帮你实现。只要你满足特定的格式。下面是一些关键字


Keyword	Sample	JPQL snippet
And	findByLastnameAndFirstname	… where x.lastname = ?1 and x.firstname = ?2
Or	findByLastnameOrFirstname	… where x.lastname = ?1 or x.firstname = ?2
Between	findByStartDateBetween	… where x.startDate between 1? and ?2
LessThan	findByAgeLessThan	… where x.age < ?1
GreaterThan	findByAgeGreaterThan	… where x.age > ?1
After	findByStartDateAfter	… where x.startDate > ?1
Before	findByStartDateBefore	… where x.startDate < ?1
IsNull	findByAgeIsNull	… where x.age is null
IsNotNull,NotNull	findByAge(Is)NotNull	… where x.age not null
Like	findByFirstnameLike	… where x.firstname like ?1
NotLike	findByFirstnameNotLike	… where x.firstname not like ?1
StartingWith	findByFirstnameStartingWith	… where x.firstname like ?1 (parameter bound with appended % )
EndingWith	findByFirstnameEndingWith	… where x.firstname like ?1 (parameter bound with prepended % )
Containing	findByFirstnameContaining	… where x.firstname like ?1 (parameter bound wrapped in % )
OrderBy	findByAgeOrderByLastnameDesc	… where x.age = ?1 order by x.lastname desc
Not	findByLastnameNot	… where x.lastname <> ?1
In	findByAgeIn(Collection<Age> ages)	… where x.age in ?1
NotIn	findByAgeNotIn(Collection<Age> age)	… where x.age not in ?1
True	findByActiveTrue()	… where x.active = true
False	findByActiveFalse()	… where x.active = false

还有另外一种我不是很喜欢用通过

@NamedQuery 来这个跟以前的一样。就是在entity上面使用 @NamedQuery 定义语句。然后在借口里面也定义这个方法就可以了。

官方例子

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@Entity

@NamedQuery(name = "User.findByEmailAddress",

query = "select u from User u where u.emailAddress = ?1")

public class User {

}

dao层

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public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {

List<User> findByLastname(String lastname);

User findByEmailAddress(String emailAddress);

}

如果这些都不能满足你的需求（一般情况肯定够用了）

想要不适用 springdata 的就用原来的 jpa 就需要这样了。

像普通的 dao 层一样定义一个接口 FeedbackDao.java 实现类 FeedbackRepositoryImpl.java

然后在定义一个接口 UserRepository.java extends JpaRepository<Feedback, Long>,FeedbackDao

我们使用 UserRepository接口就可以使用自定义的方法和自动实现的方法。很方便。

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