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【SSH之旅】一步步学习Struts1框架（二）：Struts实例

2014-10-08 21:05 441 查看

从上篇博客可以看到，其实Struts1框架就是封装了一些页面的转向、数据类型的转换，去除冗余的if else判断，除了这些，其实还封装了一些我们平常用的JSTL标签库，文件上传等等。

下面看如何运用Strut是实现登陆和添加用户实例。

项目目录结构：

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">

<title>My JSP 'MyJsp.jsp' starting page</title>

<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
</head>

<body>
<form action="Login.do?command=Login" method="post">
姓名:<input type="text" name="username"><br>
密码:<input type="password" name="password"></br>
<input type="submit" value="登录">
</form>
</body>
</html>

user_input.jsp 添加页面

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"
pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030">
<title>添加用户</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../style/drp.css">
<script type="text/javascript">

function addUser() {
with (document.getElementById("userForm")) {
method = "post";
action = "Login.do?command=Add";
submit();
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body class="body1">
<form name="userForm" target="_self" id="userForm">
<div align="center">
<table width="95%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td width="22%" height="29">
<div align="right">用户代码: </div>
</td>
<td width="78%">
<input name="userId" type="text" class="text1" id="userId"
size="10" maxlength="10">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="26">
<div align="right">用户名称: </div>
</td>
<td>
<input name="username" type="text" class="text1" id="userName"
size="20" maxlength="20">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="26">
<div align="right">密码: </div>
</td>
<td>
<input name="password" type="password" class="text1"
id="password" size="20" maxlength="20">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="26">
<div align="right">联系电话: </div>
</td>
<td>
<input name="contactTel" type="text" class="text1"
id="contactTel" size="20" maxlength="20">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="26">
<div align="right">email: </div>
</td>
<td>
<input name="email" type="text" class="text1" id="email"
size="20" maxlength="20">
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div align="center">
<input name="btnAdd" class="button1" type="button" id="btnAdd"
value="添加" onClick="addUser()">
</div>
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>

struts-config.xml：

配置ActionForm, ActionBean,异常的转向，国际化资源文件的位置，插件（便于和Spring集成）等

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd">
<struts-config>
<form-beans>
<form-bean name="loginactionform" type="userloginpackage.loginactionform"></form-bean>
</form-beans>
<action-mappings>
<action path="/Login"
type="userloginpackage.loginaction"
name="loginactionform"
scope="request"
parameter="command"
>
<forward name="success" path="/Addsuccess.jsp"></forward>
<forward name="error" path="/loginerror.jsp"></forward>
<forward name="LoginToAdd" path="/user_input.jsp"></forward>
</action>
</action-mappings>
</struts-config>

UserManager类：

与数据库打交道，实现增删改查操作。

package userloginpackage;
public class UserManager {
public User Login(User user){
return user;
}
public String Add(User user ) {
return ("UserManager.Add");
}
}

LoginAction类：

执行具体业务操作，接收ActionForm对象，接收表单属性参数，一个Action相当于Servlet，从ActionForm中取得相关用户输入参数后，保存在request范围中，使用ActionMappting中的findForward方法进行跳转。

package userloginpackage;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtils;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
import org.apache.struts.actions.DispatchAction;

public class loginaction extends DispatchAction {

public ActionForward Login(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
loginactionform fo=(loginactionform)form;
UserManager userManager=new UserManager();
User user=new User();
user.setUserName(fo.getUsername());
user.setPassword(fo.getPassword());
User Flag=userManager.Login(user);
if(fo.getUsername().equals(Flag.getUserName()) && fo.getPassword().equals(Flag.getPassword())){
return mapping.findForward("LoginToAdd");
}else{
return mapping.findForward("error");
}
}

public ActionForward Add(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
loginactionform fo=(loginactionform)form;
String flag="";
UserManager userManager=new UserManager();
User user=new User();
loginactionform laf=(loginactionform)form;
BeanUtils.copyProperties(user, laf);
flag=userManager.Add(user);
if("UserManager.Add".equals(flag)){
return mapping.findForward("success");
}else{
return mapping.findForward("error");
}
}

}

loginactionform类：

封装属性参数与表单中的参数一致，提供getter、setter方法，进行业务验证等。

package userloginpackage;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;

public class loginactionform extends ActionForm {
private String username;
private String password;
private Integer userId;
private String contactTel;
private String email;

public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public Integer getUserId() {
return userId;
}
public void setUserId(Integer userId) {
this.userId = userId;
}
public String getContactTel() {
return contactTel;
}
public void setContactTel(String contactTel) {
this.contactTel = contactTel;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}

web.xml：

程序启动首先读取的xml，是web程序入口，定义struts-config.xml。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> <display-name></display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>

<servlet>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

另外再加一个User实体类，这样，就完成了一个利用Struts框架，完成了功能实现。虽然如此，Struts框架与原始MVC模式有什么区别，Struts框架下，整个运行过程又是如何的，我们应该如何理解Struts的实现理念，看下一篇博客吧。。。。。。

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