关于oracle sqlldr control file的格式

摘要: 关于oracle sqlldr control file的格式

1Sqlldr userid=lgone/tiger control=a.ctl
2LOAD DATA
3INFILE 't.dat' // 要导入的文件
4// INFILE 'tt.date' // 导入多个文件
5// INFILE * // 要导入的内容就在control文件里 下面的BEGINDATA后面就是导入的内容, *和't.dat'不能同时存在
6
7INTO TABLE table_name // 指定装入的表
8BADFILE 'c:bad.txt' // 指定坏文件地址
9
10************* 以下是4种装入表的方式
11APPEND // 原先的表有数据 就加在后面
12// INSERT // 装载空表 如果原先的表有数据 sqlloader会停止 默认值
13// REPLACE // 原先的表有数据 原先的数据会全部删除
14// TRUNCATE // 指定的内容和replace的相同 会用truncate语句删除现存数据
15
16************* 指定的TERMINATED可以在表的开头 也可在表的内部字段部分
17FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'
18// 装载这种数据: 10,lg,"""lg""","lg,lg"
19// 在表中结果: 10 lg "lg" lg,lg
20// TERMINATED BY X '09' // 以十六进制格式 '09' 表示的
21// TERMINATED BY WRITESPACE // 装载这种数据: 10 lg lg
22
23TRAILING NULLCOLS ************* 表的字段没有对应的值时允许为空
24
25************* 下面是表的字段
26(
27col_1 , col_2 ,col_filler FILLER // FILLER 关键字 此列的数值不会被装载
28// 如: lg,lg,not 结果 lg lg
29)
30// 当没声明FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' 时
31// (
32// col_1 [interger external] TERMINATED BY ',' ,
33// col_2 [date "dd-mon-yyy"] TERMINATED BY ',' ,
34// col_3 [char] TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY 'lg'
35// )
36// 当没声明FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','用位置告诉字段装载数据
37// (
38// col_1 position(1:2),
39// col_2 position(3:10),
40// col_3 position(*:16), // 这个字段的开始位置在前一字段的结束位置
41// col_4 position(1:16),
42// col_5 position(3:10) char(8) // 指定字段的类型
43// )
44
45BEGINDATA // 对应开始的 INFILE * 要导入的内容就在control文件里
4610,Sql,what
4720,lg,show
48
49=====================================================================================
50/**///////////// 注意begindata后的数值前面不能有空格
51
521 ***** 普通装载
53LOAD DATA
54INFILE *
55INTO TABLE DEPT
56REPLACE
57FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'
58(DEPTNO,
59DNAME,
60LOC
61)
62BEGINDATA
6310,Sales,"""USA"""
6420,Accounting,"Virginia,USA"
6530,Consulting,Virginia
6640,Finance,Virginia
6750,"Finance","",Virginia // loc 列将为空
6860,"Finance",,Virginia // loc 列将为空
69
702 ***** FIELDS TERMINATED BY WHITESPACE 和 FIELDS TERMINATED BY x'09' 的情况
71LOAD DATA
72INFILE *
73INTO TABLE DEPT
74REPLACE
75FIELDS TERMINATED BY WHITESPACE
76-- FIELDS TERMINATED BY x'09'
77(DEPTNO,
78DNAME,
79LOC
80)
81BEGINDATA
8210 Sales Virginia
83
843 ***** 指定不装载那一列
85LOAD DATA
86INFILE *
87INTO TABLE DEPT
88REPLACE
89FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'
90( DEPTNO,
91FILLER_1 FILLER, // 下面的 "Something Not To Be Loaded" 将不会被装载
92DNAME,
93LOC
94)
95BEGINDATA
9620,Something Not To Be Loaded,Accounting,"Virginia,USA"
97
984 ***** position的列子
99LOAD DATA
100INFILE *
101INTO TABLE DEPT
102REPLACE
103( DEPTNO position(1:2),
104DNAME position(*:16), // 这个字段的开始位置在前一字段的结束位置
105LOC position(*:29),
106ENTIRE_LINE position(1:29)
107)
108BEGINDATA
10910Accounting Virginia,USA
110
1115 ***** 使用函数 日期的一种表达 TRAILING NULLCOLS的使用
112LOAD DATA
113INFILE *
114INTO TABLE DEPT
115REPLACE
116FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
117TRAILING NULLCOLS // 其实下面的ENTIRE_LINE在BEGINDATA后面的数据中是没有直接对应
118// 的列的值的 如果第一行改为 10,Sales,Virginia,1/5/2000,, 就不用TRAILING NULLCOLS了
119(DEPTNO,
120DNAME "upper(:dname)", // 使用函数
121LOC "upper(:loc)",
122LAST_UPDATED date 'dd/mm/yyyy', // 日期的一种表达方式 还有'dd-mon-yyyy' 等
123ENTIRE_LINE ":deptno||:dname||:loc||:last_updated"
124)
125BEGINDATA
12610,Sales,Virginia,1/5/2000
12720,Accounting,Virginia,21/6/1999
12830,Consulting,Virginia,5/1/2000
12940,Finance,Virginia,15/3/2001
130
1316 ***** 使用自定义的函数 // 解决的时间问题
132create or replace
133my_to_date( p_string in varchar2 ) return date
134as
135type fmtArray is table of varchar2(25);
136
137l_fmts fmtArray := fmtArray( 'dd-mon-yyyy', 'dd-month-yyyy',
138'dd/mm/yyyy',
139'dd/mm/yyyy hh24:mi:ss' );
140l_return date;
141begin
142for i in 1 .. l_fmts.count
143loop
144begin
145l_return := to_date( p_string, l_fmts(i) );
146exception
147when others then null;
148end;
149EXIT when l_return is not null;
150end loop;
151
152if ( l_return is null )
153then
154l_return :=
155new_time( to_date('01011970','ddmmyyyy') + 1/24/60/60 *
156p_string, 'GMT', 'EST' );
157end if;
158
159return l_return;
160end;
161/
162
163LOAD DATA
164INFILE *
165INTO TABLE DEPT
166REPLACE
167FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
168TRAILING NULLCOLS
169(DEPTNO,
170DNAME "upper(:dname)",
171LOC "upper(:loc)",
172LAST_UPDATED "my_to_date( :last_updated )" // 使用自定义的函数
173)
174BEGINDATA
17510,Sales,Virginia,01-april-2001
17620,Accounting,Virginia,13/04/2001
17730,Consulting,Virginia,14/04/2001 12:02:02
17840,Finance,Virginia,987268297
17950,Finance,Virginia,02-apr-2001
18060,Finance,Virginia,Not a date
181
1827 ***** 合并多行记录为一行记录
183LOAD DATA
184INFILE *
185concatenate 3 // 通过关键字concatenate 把几行的记录看成一行记录
186INTO TABLE DEPT
187replace
188FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
189(DEPTNO,
190DNAME "upper(:dname)",
191LOC "upper(:loc)",
192LAST_UPDATED date 'dd/mm/yyyy'
193)
194BEGINDATA
19510,Sales, // 其实这3行看成一行 10,Sales,Virginia,1/5/2000
196Virginia,
1971/5/2000
198// 这列子用 continueif list="," 也可以
199告诉sqlldr在每行的末尾找逗号 找到逗号就把下一行附加到上一行
200
201LOAD DATA
202INFILE *
203continueif this(1:1) = '-' // 找每行的开始是否有连接字符 - 有就把下一行连接为一行
204// 如 -10,Sales,Virginia,
205// 1/5/2000 就是一行 10,Sales,Virginia,1/5/2000
206// 其中1:1 表示从第一行开始 并在第一行结束 还有continueif next 但continueif list最理想
207INTO TABLE DEPT
208replace
209FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
210(DEPTNO,
211DNAME "upper(:dname)",
212LOC "upper(:loc)",
213LAST_UPDATED date 'dd/mm/yyyy'
214)
215BEGINDATA // 但是好象不能象右面的那样使用
216-10,Sales,Virginia, -10,Sales,Virginia,
2171/5/2000 1/5/2000
218-40, 40,Finance,Virginia,13/04/2001
219Finance,Virginia,13/04/2001
220
2218 ***** 载入每行的行号
222
223load data
224infile *
225into table t
226replace
227( seqno RECNUM //载入每行的行号
228text Position(1:1024))
229BEGINDATA
230fsdfasj //自动分配一行号给载入 表t 的seqno字段 此行为 1
231fasdjfasdfl // 此行为 2
232
2339 ***** 载入有换行符的数据
234注意: unix 和 windows 不同 & /n
235< 1 > 使用一个非换行符的字符
236LOAD DATA
237INFILE *
238INTO TABLE DEPT
239REPLACE
240FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
241TRAILING NULLCOLS
242(DEPTNO,
243DNAME "upper(:dname)",
244LOC "upper(:loc)",
245LAST_UPDATED "my_to_date( :last_updated )",
246COMMENTS "replace(:comments,'n',chr(10))" // replace 的使用帮助转换换行符
247)
248BEGINDATA
24910,Sales,Virginia,01-april-2001,This is the SalesnOffice in Virginia
25020,Accounting,Virginia,13/04/2001,This is the AccountingnOffice in Virginia
25130,Consulting,Virginia,14/04/2001 12:02:02,This is the ConsultingnOffice in Virginia
25240,Finance,Virginia,987268297,This is the FinancenOffice in Virginia
253
254< 2 > 使用fix属性
255LOAD DATA
256INFILE demo17.dat "fix 101"
257INTO TABLE DEPT
258REPLACE
259FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
260TRAILING NULLCOLS
261(DEPTNO,
262DNAME "upper(:dname)",
263LOC "upper(:loc)",
264LAST_UPDATED "my_to_date( :last_updated )",
265COMMENTS
266)
267demo17.dat
26810,Sales,Virginia,01-april-2001,This is the Sales
269Office in Virginia
27020,Accounting,Virginia,13/04/2001,This is the Accounting
271Office in Virginia
27230,Consulting,Virginia,14/04/2001 12:02:02,This is the Consulting
273Office in Virginia
27440,Finance,Virginia,987268297,This is the Finance
275Office in Virginia
276
277// 这样装载会把换行符装入数据库 下面的方法就不会 但要求数据的格式不同
278
279LOAD DATA
280INFILE demo18.dat "fix 101"
281INTO TABLE DEPT
282REPLACE
283FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'
284TRAILING NULLCOLS
285(DEPTNO,
286DNAME "upper(:dname)",
287LOC "upper(:loc)",
288LAST_UPDATED "my_to_date( :last_updated )",
289COMMENTS
290)
291demo18.dat
29210,Sales,Virginia,01-april-2001,"This is the Sales
293Office in Virginia"
29420,Accounting,Virginia,13/04/2001,"This is the Accounting
295Office in Virginia"
29630,Consulting,Virginia,14/04/2001 12:02:02,"This is the Consulting
297Office in Virginia"
29840,Finance,Virginia,987268297,"This is the Finance
299Office in Virginia"
300
301< 3 > 使用var属性
302LOAD DATA
303INFILE demo19.dat "var 3"
304// 3 告诉每个记录的前3个字节表示记录的长度 如第一个记录的 071 表示此记录有 71 个字节
305INTO TABLE DEPT
306REPLACE
307FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
308TRAILING NULLCOLS
309(DEPTNO,
310DNAME "upper(:dname)",
311LOC "upper(:loc)",
312LAST_UPDATED "my_to_date( :last_updated )",
313COMMENTS
314)
315demo19.dat
31607110,Sales,Virginia,01-april-2001,This is the Sales
317Office in Virginia
31807820,Accounting,Virginia,13/04/2001,This is the Accounting
319Office in Virginia
32008730,Consulting,Virginia,14/04/2001 12:02:02,This is the Consulting
321Office in Virginia
32207140,Finance,Virginia,987268297,This is the Finance
323Office in Virginia
324
325< 4 > 使用str属性
326// 最灵活的一中 可定义一个新的行结尾符 win 回车换行 : chr(13)||chr(10)
327
328此列中记录是以 a|rn 结束的
329select utl_raw.cast_to_raw('|'||chr(13)||chr(10)) from dual;
330结果 7C0D0A
331
332LOAD DATA
333INFILE demo20.dat "str X'7C0D0A'"
334INTO TABLE DEPT
335REPLACE
336FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
337TRAILING NULLCOLS
338(DEPTNO,
339DNAME "upper(:dname)",
340LOC "upper(:loc)",
341LAST_UPDATED "my_to_date( :last_updated )",
342COMMENTS
343)
344demo20.dat
34510,Sales,Virginia,01-april-2001,This is the Sales
346Office in Virginia|
34720,Accounting,Virginia,13/04/2001,This is the Accounting
348Office in Virginia|
34930,Consulting,Virginia,14/04/2001 12:02:02,This is the Consulting
350Office in Virginia|
35140,Finance,Virginia,987268297,This is the Finance
352Office in Virginia|
353
354==============================================================================
355象这样的数据 用 nullif 子句
356
35710-jan-200002350Flipper seemed unusually hungry today.
35810510-jan-200009945Spread over three meals.
359
360id position(1:3) nullif id=blanks // 这里可以是blanks 或者别的表达式
361// 下面是另一个列子 第一行的 1 在数据库中将成为 null
362LOAD DATA
363INFILE *
364INTO TABLE T
365REPLACE
366(n position(1:2) integer external nullif n='1',
367v position(3:8)
368)
369BEGINDATA
3701 10
37120lg