apache+nginx 实现动静分离

这两天做了一下apache+nginx实现动静分离的实验，实验大概是这样的，搭建LAMP之后，再装上Nginx。用户访问页面的请求到达服务器之后，静态页面又nginx出来，动态页面则交给apache处理。这是因为apache处理静态页面的效率不高，远不及nginx。通过nginx的反向代理加速，直接将请求丢给apache去处理，达到动静分离的效果。下面是实验的过程：

实验平台：RHEL6.3_x64 最小化安装

IP：192.168.30.114

[root@node1 src]# yum install cmake gcc gcc-c++ make ncurses-devel bison wget
[root@node1 src]# wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.31.tar.gz/from/http://cdn.mysql.com/ 一、安装mysql
[root@node1 src]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql
[root@node1 src]# cd mysql-5.5.29
[root@node1 mysql-5.5.29]# cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DINSTALL_DATADIR=/data/mysql -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=complex
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql
[root@node1 mysql-5.5.29]# make && make install
[root@node1 mysql-5.5.29]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@node1 mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql .
[root@node1 mysql]# mkdir /data
[root@node1 mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql
[root@node1 mysql]# chown -R root .
[root@node1 mysql]# rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
[root@node1 mysql]# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
bind-address = 127.0.0.1
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql
user = mysql
character_set_server = utf8
......
[root@node1 mysql]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld
basedir=/usr/local/mysql

datadir=/data/mysql

二、安装apache
[root@node1 src]# wget http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-1.4.6.tar.bz2 [root@node1 src]# wget http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-util-1.5.2.tar.bz2 [root@node1 src]# wget http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-iconv-1.2.1.tar.bz2 [root@node1 src]# tar xf apr-1.4.6.tar.gz
[root@node1 src]# cd apr-1.4.6
[root@node1 apr-1.4.6]# ./configure
这里有一个报错：
config.status: executing libtool commands
rm: cannot remove `libtoolT': No such file or directory
config.status: executing default commands
解决办法：
[root@node1 apr-1.4.6]# vim configure
# $RM "$cfgfile"
找到上面那句命令，并注释
[root@node1 apr-1.4.6]# make && make install
[root@node1 apr-1.4.6]# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/apr.conf
/usr/local/apr/lib
[root@node1 apr-1.4.6]# ldconfig
[root@node1 apr-1.4.6]# cd ..
[root@node1 src]# tar xf apr-util-1.5.2.tar.bz2
[root@node1 src]# cd apr-util-1.5.2
[root@node1 apr-util-1.5.2]# ./configure --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
[root@node1 apr-util-1.5.2]# make && make install
[root@node1 apr-util-1.5.2]# cd ..
[root@node1 src]# tar xf apr-iconv-1.2.1.tar.bz2
[root@node1 src]# cd apr-iconv-1.2.1
[root@node1 apr-iconv-1.2.1]# ./configure --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
[root@node1 apr-iconv-1.2.1]# make && make install
[root@node1 src]# tar xf httpd-2.2.22.tar.gz
[root@node1 src]# cd httpd-2.2.22
[root@node1 httpd-2.2.22]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 --enable-ssl=share --enable-so

[root@node1 httpd-2.2.22]# make && make install

三、安装php
[root@node1 src]# yum install libxml2-devel bzip2-devel libcurl-devel libjpeg-turbo libjpeg-turbo-devel libpng libpng-devel
readline-devel net-snmp-devel freetype-devel zlib-devel gd libjpeg-devel
[root@node1 src]# tar xf php-5.4.11.tar.bz2
[root@node1 src]# cd php-5.4.11
[root@node1 php-5.4.11]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --disable-ipv6 --with-pcre-regex --with-zlib --with-bz2 --with-curl --enable-dba=shared --with-pcre-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir
--with-png-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-freetype --enable-mbstring --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-mhash --with-mysql --with-mysqli --with-pdo-mysql --with-readline --with-snmp --enable-sockets --enable-zip
[root@node1 php-5.4.11]# make && make install
[root@node1 php-5.4.11]# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
为apache添加支持php
[root@node1 php-5.4.11]# vim /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf
<IfModule dir_module>
DirectoryIndex index.html index.php
</IfModule>
Include conf/extra/php.conf
[root@node1 php-5.4.11]# vim /usr/local/apache2/conf/extra/php.conf

<FilesMatch \.php$>
SetHandler application/x-httpd-php // 引用模板使apache支持php
</FilesMatch>

创建动态页面
[root@node1 apache2]# mkdir /data/www
[root@node1 apache2]# vim /data/www/index.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
启动apache
[root@node1 apache2]# bin/apachectl start
测试访问是否正常支持php



四、编译安装nginx

[root@node1 src]# yum install pcre-devel openssl-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed
[root@node1 src]# tar xf nginx-1.2.6.tar.gz
[root@node1 src]# cd nginx-1.2.6
[root@node1 nginx-1.2.6]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M www
[root@node1 nginx-1.2.6]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=www --group=www --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --without-http_uwsgi_module --without-http_scgi_module --without-http_upstream_ip_hash_module
--with-http_perl_module --with-pcre

[root@node1 nginx-1.2.6]# make && make install

五、配置nginx

[root@node1 nginx]# vim conf/nginx.conf
user www www;
worker_processes 8;
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 65535;
use epoll;
}
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log info;
http {

include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
charset gb2312;
server_names_hash_max_size 2048;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 256;
client_header_buffer_size 256k;
client_max_body_size 100m;
large_client_header_buffers 4 256k;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
server_tokens off;
tcp_nodelay on;
proxy_send_timeout 300;
proxy_read_timeout 300;
proxy_buffer_size 4k;
proxy_buffers 16 32k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
proxy_connect_timeout 30s;
keepalive_timeout 10;
# 开启压缩功能
gzip on;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_min_length 1100;
gzip_comp_level 3;
gzip_buffers 4 32k;
gzip_types text/plain text/xml text/css application/x-javascript application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript application/atom+xml;
ignore_invalid_headers on;
client_header_timeout 3m;
client_body_timeout 3m;
send_timeout 3m;
connection_pool_size 256;
request_pool_size 32k;
output_buffers 4 64k;
postpone_output 1460;
open_file_cache max=1000 inactive=300s;
open_file_cache_valid 600s;
open_file_cache_min_uses 2;
open_file_cache_errors off;
include "/usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/*.conf";
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';access_log logs/access.log main;

}

[root@node1 nginx]# vim conf/vhosts/vhost1.conf

server{
listen 80;
server_name 192.168.30.114;
root /data/www;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
if (-d $request_filename)
{
rewrite ^/(.*)([^/])$ http://$host/$1$2/ permanent;
}
#所有php的页面均交由apache处理
location ~ \.(php)?$ {
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_pass http://192.168.30.114:81; }

}

创建静态页面

[root@node1 nginx]# echo "hello,this is the html test." > /data/www/index.html

测试81端口能不能成功访问到页面





测试访问静态页面





测试访问动态页面





通过curl -I 可以看到访问静态页面的时候是通过Nginx处理的

[root@node1 nginx]# curl -I http://192.168.30.114 HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx
Date: Thu, 06 Jun 2013 09:26:10 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=gb2312
Content-Length: 29
Last-Modified: Thu, 06 Jun 2013 09:25:48 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
Accept-Ranges: bytes
由于动态页面是通过nginx进行反向代理交给apache处理，所以返回显示的也是nginx
[root@node1 nginx]# curl -I http://192.168.30.114/index.php HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx
Date: Thu, 06 Jun 2013 09:26:58 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=gb2312
Connection: keep-alive
X-Powered-By: PHP/5.4.11

验证php是通过apache 处理的：

关闭apache 再测试访问php页面，看到访问不到php，但是能访问到静态页面





为apache安装rpaf模块，该模块用于apache做后端时获取访客真实的IP

[root@node1 src]# wget http://stderr.net/apache/rpaf/download/mod_rpaf-0.6.tar.gz

[root@node1 src]# tar xf mod_rpaf-0.6.tar.gz
[root@node1 src]# cd mod_rpaf-0.6

[root@node1 mod_rpaf-0.6]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs -i -c -n mod_rpaf-2.0.so mod_rpaf-2.0.c

编辑/usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf添加模块参数

查找LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so,在下方添加:

[root@node1 mod_rpaf-0.6]# vim /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf

LoadModule rpaf_module modules/mod_rpaf-2.0.so
#Mod_rpaf settings
RPAFenable On
RPAFproxy_ips 192.168.30.114
RPAFsethostname On

RPAFheader X-Forwarded-For

重启apache,nginx 即可