Apache+Tomcat多节点负载均衡集群搭建

前段时间写了一篇关于apache+tomcat单节点多实例的安装部署方法，最近公司做项目又要求做多节点单实例的安装方法，由于配置容易出错，所以写博客记录一下方法，其实也没什么可配置的，就是把单节点多实例的配置文件修改一下就行。

部署环境： Windows Server 2008 64位
jdk-1.6.0_43 64位

ip设置:

apache 192.168.1.21
tomcat1 192.168.1.22
tomcat2 192.168.1.23

一、Apache 配置：

Apache安装好后，主要是修改conf目录下的配置文件:

A、 新建三个文件

1. workers.properties

#server 列表
worker.list=controller,tomcat1,tomcat2
#========tomcat1========
worker.tomcat1.port=8010
worker.tomcat1.host=192.168.1.22
worker.tomcat1.type=ajp13
worker.tomcat1.lbfactor=1
#========tomcat2========
worker.tomcat2.port=8010
worker.tomcat2.host=192.168.1.23
worker.tomcat2.type=ajp13
worker.tomcat2.lbfactor=1
#========controller,负载均衡控制器========
worker.controller.type=lb
worker.retries=3
worker.controller.balance_workers=tomcat1,tomcat2
#worker.controller.sticky_session=false
worker.controller.sticky_session=1
#worker.controller.sticky_session_force=1
worker.jkstatus.type=status
worker.list=jkstatus

2.uriworkermap.properties （比较灵活，带“#”可不写）

/*=controller
#所有包含jkstatus请求的都由status这个 server处理
/jkstatus=jkstatus
#这里的"!”是“非”的意思。
#/*.gif=controller
#/*.jpg=controller
#/*.png=controller
#/*.css=controller
#/*.js=controller
#/*.htm=controller
#/*.html=controller

3. mod_jk.conf

LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk-1.2.31-httpd-2.2.3.so ##modus目录下需要有这个文件
JkWorkersFile conf/workers.properties
JkMountFile conf/uriworkermap.properties
#指定那些请求交给tomcat处理,"controller"为在workers.propertise里指定的负载分配控制器名
JkMount /*.jsp controller
JkLogLevel warn

B、修改httpd.conf（修改前最好先备份）

在最后一行加上：
include "C:\Program Files (x86)\Apache Software Foundation\Apache2.2\conf\mod_jk.conf"
注：这里的是apache安装目录

总体来说apache配置主要是配置文件的修改，ip和端口等配置

二、Tomcat配置

两个tomcat的配置文件一样，只有一条需修改，下面贴出tomcat的配置文件：

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!--
Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
(the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
-->
<!-- Note: A "Server" is not itself a "Container", so you may not
define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.
Documentation at /docs/config/server.html
-->
<Server port="8006" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">

<!--APR library loader. Documentation at /docs/apr.html -->
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />
<!--Initialize Jasper prior to webapps are loaded. Documentation at /docs/jasper-howto.html -->
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener" />
<!-- Prevent memory leaks due to use of particular java/javax APIs-->
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />
<!-- JMX Support for the Tomcat server. Documentation at /docs/non-existent.html -->
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.ServerLifecycleListener" />
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />

<!-- Global JNDI resources
Documentation at /docs/jndi-resources-howto.html
-->
<GlobalNamingResources>
<!-- Editable user database that can also be used by
UserDatabaseRealm to authenticate users
-->
<Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"
type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"
description="User database that can be updated and saved"
factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"
pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />
</GlobalNamingResources>

<!-- A "Service" is a collection of one or more "Connectors" that share
a single "Container" Note: A "Service" is not itself a "Container",
so you may not define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.
Documentation at /docs/config/service.html
-->
<Service name="Catalina">

<!--The connectors can use a shared executor, you can define one or more named thread pools-->
<!--
<Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-"
maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="4"/>
-->

<!-- A "Connector" represents an endpoint by which requests are received
and responses are returned. Documentation at :
Java HTTP Connector: /docs/config/http.html (blocking & non-blocking)
Java AJP Connector: /docs/config/ajp.html
APR (HTTP/AJP) Connector: /docs/apr.html
Define a non-SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8080
-->
<Connector port="8881" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443"
URIEncoding = "UTF-8"
/>
<!-- A "Connector" using the shared thread pool-->
<!--
<Connector executor="tomcatThreadPool"
port="9080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" />
-->
<!-- Define a SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443
This connector uses the JSSE configuration, when using APR, the
connector should be using the OpenSSL style configuration
described in the APR documentation -->
<!--
<Connector port="8443" protocol="HTTP/1.1" SSLEnabled="true"
maxThreads="150" scheme="https" secure="true"
clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" />
-->

<!-- Define an AJP 1.3 Connector on port 8009 -->
<Connector port="8010" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />

<!-- An Engine represents the entry point (within Catalina) that processes
every request. The Engine implementation for Tomcat stand alone
analyzes the HTTP headers included with the request, and passes them
on to the appropriate Host (virtual host).
Documentation at /docs/config/engine.html -->

<!-- You should set jvmRoute to support load-balancing via AJP ie :
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm1">
-->
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat1" >

<!--For clustering, please take a look at documentation at:
/docs/cluster-howto.html (simple how to)
/docs/config/cluster.html (reference documentation) -->
<!--
<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/>
-->
<!--
<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster" channelSendOptions="8">
<Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager" expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>
<Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">
<Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"
address="228.0.0.4"
port="45564" frequency="500" dropTime="3000"/>
<Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
port="4001"
autoBind="100" selectorTimeout="5000" maxThreads="6"/>
<Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">
<Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"
timeout="60000"
keepAliveCount="120000"/>
</Sender>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.ThroughputInterceptor"/>
</Channel>
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve" filter=""/>
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"/>
<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"/>
<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>
</Cluster>
-->
<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"
channelSendOptions="6">

<Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.BackupManager"
expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
notifyListenersOnReplication="true"
mapSendOptions="6"/>
<!--
<Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"
expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>
-->
<Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">
<Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"
address="228.0.0.4"
port="45564"
frequency="500"
dropTime="3000"/>
<Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
address="auto"
port="5000"
selectorTimeout="100"
maxThreads="6"/>

<Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">
<Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>
</Sender>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.ThroughputInterceptor"/>
</Channel>

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"
filter=".*\.gif;.*\.js;.*\.jpg;.*\.png;.*\.htm;.*\.html;.*\.css;.*\.txt;"/>
<!--
<Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"
tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"
deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"
watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"
watchEnabled="false"/>
-->
<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>
</Cluster>
<!-- The request dumper valve dumps useful debugging information about
the request and response data received and sent by Tomcat.
Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html -->
<!--
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RequestDumperValve"/>
-->

<!-- This Realm uses the UserDatabase configured in the global JNDI
resources under the key "UserDatabase". Any edits
that are performed against this UserDatabase are immediately
available for use by the Realm. -->
<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
resourceName="UserDatabase"/>

<!-- Define the default virtual host
Note: XML Schema validation will not work with Xerces 2.2.
-->
<Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps"
unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true"
xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false">

<!-- SingleSignOn valve, share authentication between web applications
Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html -->
<!--
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn" />
-->

<!-- Access log processes all example.
Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html -->
<!--
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt" pattern="common" resolveHosts="false"/>
-->
</Host>
</Engine>
</Service>
</Server>

其中 tomcat2的这一条 <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat1" >
修改为<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat2" >，其余没变化

由于后端数据库用的是oracle，所以在tomcat解析完war包后，还要配置oracle的连接地址，目录为“tomcat目录\webapps\“war包文件夹”\WEB-INF\classe\config下的jdbc.properties文件

至此，apache+tomcat最基本的安装配置就到此结束

本文出自 “残月” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://waning411.blog.51cto.com/4909368/1410245