左倾堆(三)之 Java的实现

概要

前面分别通过C和C++实现了左倾堆，本章给出左倾堆的Java版本。还是那句老话，三种实现的原理一样，择其一了解即可。

目录
1. 左倾堆的介绍
2. 左倾堆的图文解析
3. 左倾堆的Java实现(完整源码)
4. 左倾堆的Java测试程序

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更多内容：数据结构与算法系列 目录

(01) 左倾堆(一)之 图文解析 和 C语言的实现
(02) 左倾堆(二)之 C++的实现
(03) 左倾堆(三)之 Java的实现

左倾堆的介绍

左倾堆(leftist tree 或 leftist heap)，又被成为左偏树、左偏堆，最左堆等。
它和二叉堆一样，都是优先队列实现方式。当优先队列中涉及到"对两个优先队列进行合并"的问题时，二叉堆的效率就无法令人满意了，而本文介绍的左倾堆，则可以很好地解决这类问题。

左倾堆的定义

/**
* Java 语言: 左倾堆
*
* @author skywang
* @date 2014/03/31
*/

public class LeftistHeapTest {

public static void main(String[] args) {
int a[]= {10,40,24,30,36,20,12,16};
int b[]= {17,13,11,15,19,21,23};
LeftistHeap<Integer> ha=new LeftistHeap<Integer>();
LeftistHeap<Integer> hb=new LeftistHeap<Integer>();

System.out.printf("== 左倾堆(ha)中依次添加: ");
for(int i=0; i<a.length; i++) {
System.out.printf("%d ", a[i]);
ha.insert(a[i]);
}
System.out.printf("\n== 左倾堆(ha)的详细信息: \n");
ha.print();

System.out.printf("\n== 左倾堆(hb)中依次添加: ");
for(int i=0; i<b.length; i++) {
System.out.printf("%d ", b[i]);
hb.insert(b[i]);
}
System.out.printf("\n== 左倾堆(hb)的详细信息: \n");
hb.print();

// 将"左倾堆hb"合并到"左倾堆ha"中。
ha.merge(hb);
System.out.printf("\n== 合并ha和hb后的详细信息: \n");
ha.print();
}
}

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左倾堆的Java测试程序

左倾堆的测试程序已经包含在它的实现文件(LeftistHeapTest.java)中了，这里仅给出它的运行结果：

== 左倾堆(ha)中依次添加: 10 40 24 30 36 20 12 16
== 左倾堆(ha)的详细信息:
10(2) is root
24(1) is 10's   left child
30(0) is 24's   left child
36(0) is 24's  right child
12(1) is 10's  right child
20(0) is 12's   left child
40(0) is 20's   left child
16(0) is 12's  right child

== 左倾堆(hb)中依次添加: 17 13 11 15 19 21 23
== 左倾堆(hb)的详细信息:
11(2) is root
15(1) is 11's   left child
19(0) is 15's   left child
21(0) is 15's  right child
13(1) is 11's  right child
17(0) is 13's   left child
23(0) is 13's  right child

== 合并ha和hb后的详细信息:
10(2) is root
11(2) is 10's   left child
15(1) is 11's   left child
19(0) is 15's   left child
21(0) is 15's  right child
12(1) is 11's  right child
13(1) is 12's   left child
17(0) is 13's   left child
16(0) is 13's  right child
23(0) is 16's   left child
20(0) is 12's  right child
40(0) is 20's   left child
24(1) is 10's  right child
30(0) is 24's   left child
36(0) is 24's  right child