利用C#进行AutoCAD的二次开发（一）


众所周知，对AutoCAD进行二次开发用到的主要工具有：ObjectArx,VBA,VLisp。但它们的优缺点是显而易见的:ObjectArx功能强大,编程效率高,但它的缺点是编程者必须掌握VC++,而这门语言非常的难学;VBA和VLisp虽然简单易上手,但它们对于开发大型的程序好象无能为力。那究竟有没有一种语言能结合它们的优点而尽量避免它们的缺点呢? 回答是肯定的,那就是微软新推出的21世纪编程语言C#。关于C#的详细介绍，大家可以参考有关的文章。

　　C#是通过AutoCAD ActiveX 这座桥梁来和AutoCAD之间进行通讯的。AutoCAD ActiveX 使用户能够从 AutoCAD 的内部或外部以编程方式来操作 AutoCAD。它是通过将 AutoCAD 对象显示到“外部世界”来做到这一点的。一旦这些对象被显示，许多不同的编程语言和环境就可以访问它们。关于AutoCAD ActiveX 的情况，大家可以参考AutoCAD自带的帮助。

　　呵呵，说了这么多无聊的，还是让我们通过一个具体的例子来说明怎样利用C#进行AutoCAD的二次开发吧。在介绍例子之前先讲一下有关的配置：

（1）Visual Studio .net (2003和2002都可以，我用的是2002）

（2）AutoCAD2000以上版本（我用的是2004）

　　这个例子非常简单，就是通过C#建立的窗体来启动AutoCAD并画一条直线。下面是编程的具体步骤：

（1）通过Visual Studio .net 建立一C#的windows应用程序。

（2）在“解决方案资源管理器”中右击“引用”标签，在弹出的菜单中选择“添加引用”，在“添加引用”对话框中选择“com"选项卡下的下拉列表框中的“AutoCAD 2004 Type Library"项（注意：不同版本的CAD的数字不同），单击右边的“选择”按钮，最后单击下面的“确定”按钮。

（3）在C#窗体中加入两个文本框和一个按钮，分别用于输入直线起点、终点的坐标和在CAD中画直线。下面主要解释一下添加的代码。

（a)在程序的开头加入：using AutoCAD;//导入AutoCAD引用空间

(b)在窗体的变量声明部分加入: PRivate Acadapplication a;//声明AutoCAD对象

(c)在窗体的构造函数部分加入：a=new AcadApplicationClass();//创建AutoCAD对象

                    a.Visible=true;//使AutoCAD可见

(d)在按钮的消息处理函数中加入：

double[] startPoint=new double[3]; //声明直线起点坐标

double[] endPoint=new double[3];//声明直线终点坐标

string[] str=textBox1.Text.Split(',');//取出直线起点坐标输入文本框的值，文本框的输入模式为＂x,y,z＂

for(int i=0;i<3;i++)

startPoint[i]=Convert.ToDouble(str[i]);//将str数组转为double型

　　　 str=textBox2.Text.Split(',');//取出直线终点坐标输入文本框的值

for(int i=0;i<3;i++)

endPoint[i]=Convert.ToDouble(str[i]);

a.ActiveDocument.ModelSpace.AddLine(startPoint,endPoint);//在AutoCAD中画直线

　　 a.Application.Update();//更新显示

好了，简单吧，你可以试着编译一下。关于上面一些语句的用法，我会在下一讲中作详细介绍。

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