常用网络设置

ifconfig [interface]
ifconfig interface [aftype] options | address ...
ifconfig #默认列出处于开启状态的网卡信息
ifconfig -a #列出所有的网卡信息，无论处于开启或关闭状态
ifconfig  eth0 #仅列出eth0的信息
ifconfig eth1  down #关闭eth1
ifconfig eth1  up  #开启eth1
ifconfig eth1 192.168.56.100  #给网卡设定临时ip地址
ifconfig eth1 192.168.56.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 mtu 8000
ifconfig eth1:0 10.0.0.0  #给一个网卡配置多个ip地址，使用网卡别名。

vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 #该文件的主要配置内容：
DEVICE="eth0" #网卡名，一般与ifcfg-后面的部分相同
BOOTPROTO="dhcp" #取得ip的方式，可以设定为none|bootp|dhcp
HWADDR="08:00:27:B6:87:89" #网卡的mac地址
ONBOOT="yes" #默认是否启动此接口，yes|no
IPADDR=192.168.56.102 #静态设置ip地址
NETMASK=255.255.255.0 #设置子网掩码
GATEWAY=192.168.56.1  #默认路由
#常用配置上面这几项，具体的看参考文件：
/usr/share/doc/initscripts-9.03.31/sysconfig.txt

vim /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes #是否开启本机网络
HOSTNAME=zhu   #主机名

ping [参数] ip
-c count #后面跟ping的次数，如-c 3
-W timeout #指定超时的时间
[root@zhu ~]# ping -c 3 192.168.0.70
PING 192.168.0.70 (192.168.0.70) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.0.70: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=4.45 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.0.70: icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=2.94 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.0.70: icmp_seq=3 ttl=63 time=3.26 ms
--- 192.168.0.70 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2007ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 2.949/3.554/4.453/0.648 ms
[root@zhu ~]# ping -c 3 -W 2 192.168.0.70
PING 192.168.0.70 (192.168.0.70) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.0.70: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=4.49 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.0.70: icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=2.53 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.0.70: icmp_seq=3 ttl=63 time=2.28 ms
--- 192.168.0.70 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2007ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 2.284/3.105/4.492/0.986 ms