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一口一口吃掉Struts(三)——一个简单Struts实例 .

2014-03-24 16:08 549 查看
了解了Struts的基本流程,那么我们利用Struts来实现一个简单的登陆功能:

先用时序图来描述一下登录功能的处理流程:





核心操作:

1、配置struts

* 拷贝struts相关的jar到WEB-INF/lib下

* 在web.xml文件中配置ActionServlet

* 提供struts-config.xml文件,需要放到WEB-INF下

2、实现

*建立login.jsp/loginSuccess.jsp/loginFail.jsp

*建立了LoginAction.java/userActionForm.java

*将LoginAction/LoginActionForm/相关jsp配置到struts-config.xml文件中



代码:
配置文件

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<servlet>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>config</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>debug</param-name>
<param-value>2</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>detail</param-name>
<param-value>2</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
</servlet>


<!-- Standard Action Servlet Mapping -->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

<servlet>
		<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>config</param-name>
			<param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>debug</param-name>
			<param-value>2</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>detail</param-name>
			<param-value>2</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>

	<!-- Standard Action Servlet Mapping -->
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>


JSP(View)

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<form action="login.do" method="post">
<input type="text" name="name" />
<br />
<input type="password" name="password" />

<input type="submit" value="登录"/>
</form>

<form action="login.do" method="post">
			<input type="text" name="name" />
			<br />
			<input type="password" name="password" />

			<input type="submit" value="登录"/>
		</form>

LoginSuccess.jsp

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<body>
登录成功》》》》》》》》》》》》
</body>

<body>
  登录成功》》》》》》》》》》》》
 </body>

LoginFail.jsp

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<body>
登录失败》》》》》》》》》》》》
</body>

<body>
  登录失败》》》》》》》》》》》》
 </body>


LoginAction



[java]
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package com.jialin;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;

/**
* 登录action
* @author jialin
*作用:取得表单数据,调用model层业务逻辑,返回转向信息
*/
public class LoginAction extends Action {

@Override
public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
UserActionForm userForm=(UserActionForm)form;
String userName=userForm.getName();
int password=userForm.getPassword(); //这里不用我们手动强转类型了。


UserManage userManage=new UserManage();//后面我们再改进

User user=new User();
user.setName(userName);
user.setPassword(password);

try {
userManage.ValidateUser(user);
return mapping.findForward("success");
} catch (UserNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
request.setAttribute("message", e.getMessage());
}catch(PasswordErrorException e){
e.printStackTrace();
request.setAttribute("message", e.getMessage());
}

return mapping.findForward("fail"); }

}

package com.jialin;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;

/**
 * 登录action
 * @author jialin
 *作用:取得表单数据,调用model层业务逻辑,返回转向信息
 */
public class LoginAction extends Action {

	@Override
	public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
			HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws Exception {
		 UserActionForm  userForm=(UserActionForm)form;
		 String userName=userForm.getName();
		 int password=userForm.getPassword();  //这里不用我们手动强转类型了。
		
		 UserManage userManage=new UserManage();//后面我们再改进
		 User user=new User();
 		 user.setName(userName);
 		 user.setPassword(password);
  
 		 try {
		     userManage.ValidateUser(user);
		     return mapping.findForward("success");
		  } catch (UserNotFoundException e) {
		     e.printStackTrace();
		     request.setAttribute("message", e.getMessage());
		  }catch(PasswordErrorException e){
		     e.printStackTrace();
		     request.setAttribute("message", e.getMessage());
		  }
  
		  return mapping.findForward("fail");	}

}

struts-config.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>

<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN"
"http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd">

<struts-config>
<!-- set ActionForm info-->
<form-beans>
<form-bean name="userForm" type="com.jialin.UserActionForm" />
</form-beans>

<action-mappings>
<!-- Set path,action,actionform,scope,forward info -->
<action path="/login" type="com.jialin.LoginAction" name="userForm"
scope="request">
<forward name="success" path="/LoginSuccess.jsp" />
<forward name="fail" path="/LoginFail.jsp" />
</action>
</action-mappings>

</struts-config>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>

<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC
          "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN"
          "http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd">

<struts-config>
     <!-- set ActionForm info-->
	<form-beans>
		<form-bean name="userForm" type="com.jialin.UserActionForm" />
	</form-beans>
        
	<action-mappings>
	  <!-- Set path,action,actionform,scope,forward info -->
		<action path="/login" type="com.jialin.LoginAction" name="userForm"
			scope="request">
			<forward name="success" path="/LoginSuccess.jsp" />
			<forward name="fail" path="/LoginFail.jsp" />
		</action>
	</action-mappings>

</struts-config>


UserActionForm

[java]
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package com.jialin;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;

/**
* 用户ActionForm ,负责收集表单数据
* @author jialin
*注:get和set后的字符串首字母变小写后,必须和表单中属性的名字一致
*/
public class UserActionForm extends ActionForm {
private String name;
private int password;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(int password) {
this.password = password;
}

}

package com.jialin;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;

/**
 * 用户ActionForm ,负责收集表单数据
 * @author jialin
 *注:get和set后的字符串首字母变小写后,必须和表单中属性的名字一致
 */
public class UserActionForm extends ActionForm {
	private String name;
	private int password;
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public int getPassword() {
		return password;
	}
	public void setPassword(int password) {
		this.password = password;
	}
	
}


UserManage(Model)

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package com.jialin;

/**
* MODEL层业务逻辑
* @author jialin
*判断用户是否合法
*/
public class UserManage {

public void ValidateUser(User user) {
// 判断用户名密码是否正确
if (!"jialin".equals(user.getName())) {
throw new UserNotFoundException("用户不存在!用户名为:" + user.getName());
} else if (user.getPassword() != 123456) {
throw new PasswordErrorException("密码错误");
}
}}

package com.jialin;

/**
 * MODEL层业务逻辑
 * @author jialin
 *判断用户是否合法
 */
public class UserManage {
	
	 public void ValidateUser(User user) {
  	// 判断用户名密码是否正确
  	if (!"jialin".equals(user.getName())) {
  	    throw new UserNotFoundException("用户不存在!用户名为:" + user.getName());
  	} else if (user.getPassword() != 123456) {
   	    throw new PasswordErrorException("密码错误");
  	}
 }}

用户实体和异常类省略。



上述实现过程,其中ActionServlet的功能,被Struts封装了,所以我们的代码部分,并没有涉及到ActionServlet的部分。
分析代码可知道,Action不再需要我们手动创建,读取配置文件等基础服务已被Struts封装了,表单中数据类型也不需要我们手动转换了,页面转向可以进行配置,也不需要我们手动去配置文件中取了。
可以说,Struts把公共的服务为封装好了,我们只需要做很少的事,就可以获得很大的灵活性。


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