JavaWeb 学习笔记 spring+jdbc整合开发初步

JdbcTemplate类是Spring的核心类之一，可以在org.springframework.jdbc.core中找到它。JdbcTemplate类在内部已经处理数据库的建立和释放，可以避免一些常见的错误。

JdbcTemplate类可直接通过数据源的应用实例化，然后在服务中使用，也可在xml配置中作为JavaBean应用给服务使用
直接上一个实例
步骤1.xml配置<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd"> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springtest?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF8"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value=""/>
<!-- 连接池启动时的初始值 -->
<property name="initialSize" value="1"/>
<!-- 连接池的最大值 -->
<property name="maxActive" value="500"/>
<!-- 最大空闲值，当经过一个高峰时间后，连接池可以慢慢释放用不到的连接，直到maxidle为止-->
<property name="maxIdle" value="2"/>
<!-- 最小空闲值，当连接池的剩余小于阀值时，连接池会自动生气个链接-->
<property name="minIdle" value="1"/>
</bean>

<bean id="userService" class="edu.gzu.springJDBC.impl.UserServiceImp">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
</beans>

步骤2.建立与数据库对象对应的对象

package edu.gzu.springJDBC.bean;
public class User {
private int id;
private String name;
private String phonenum;

public User(int id, String name, String phonenum) {
super();
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.phonenum = phonenum;
}
//...省去相应需要的参数构造方法
//...省去setter和getter方法
}

步骤3.由于spring AOP面向接口编程，建立相应的接口类

package edu.gzu.springJDBC;
import java.util.List;
import edu.gzu.springJDBC.bean.User;
public interface userBeanService {
/**
* 存储用户信息对象
* @param user
*/
public void save(User user);
/**
* 修改用户信息对抽象
* @param user
*/
public void update(User user);
/**
* 根据id删除用户信息对象
* @param id
*/
public void delete(int id);
/**
* 根据id获取相应的用户信息
* @param id
* @return
*/
public User getUserById(int id);
/**
* 获取数据库中全部的用户信息对象
* @return
*/
public List<User> getAllUser();
}

步骤4.编写实现接口的具体方法

package edu.gzu.springJDBC.impl;
import java.util.List;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import edu.gzu.springJDBC.userBeanService;
import edu.gzu.springJDBC.bean.User;
public class UserServiceImp implements userBeanService {
private DataSource dataSource;
private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
this.dataSource = dataSource;
this.jdbcTemplate=new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
}

@Override
public void delete(int id) {
jdbcTemplate.update("delete from user where id=?", new Object[]{id},
new int[]{java.sql.Types.INTEGER});
System.out.print("用户信息删除成功！");
}

@Override
public List<User> getAllUser() {
List<User> users=(List) jdbcTemplate.query("select * from user", new NewRowMapper());
return users;
}

@Override
public User getUserById(int id) {
List<User> users=(List) jdbcTemplate.query("select * from user where id=?",
new Object[]{id}, new NewRowMapper());
return users.get(0);
}

@Override
public void save(User user) {
jdbcTemplate.update("insert into user (name,phonenum) values (?,?)",
new String[]{user.getName(),user.getPhonenum()},
new int[]{java.sql.Types.VARCHAR,java.sql.Types.VARCHAR});
System.out.print("用户信息保存成功！");
}

@Override
public void update(User user) {
jdbcTemplate.update("update user set name=?,phonenum=? where id=?",
new Object[]{user.getName(),user.getPhonenum(),user.getId()},
new int[]{java.sql.Types.VARCHAR,java.sql.Types.VARCHAR,java.sql.Types.INTEGER});
System.out.print("用户信息更新成功！");
}
}

//附：数据库查询条件返回的结果集匹配方法
package edu.gzu.springJDBC.impl;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
import edu.gzu.springJDBC.bean.User;
public class NewRowMapper implements RowMapper {
@Override
public Object mapRow(ResultSet rs, int index) throws SQLException {
User user=new User(rs.getString("name"));
user.setId(rs.getShort("id"));
user.setPhonenum(rs.getString("phonenum"));
return user;
}
}

步骤5.编写测试方法，测试接口类

package edu.gzu.springJDBC.Test;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import edu.gzu.springJDBC.userBeanService;
import edu.gzu.springJDBC.bean.User;
import edu.gzu.springJDBC.impl.UserServiceImp;
public class UserTest {
private static userBeanService user;

@BeforeClass
public static void setUpBeforeClass() throws Exception {
try {
ApplicationContext act=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
user=(userBeanService) act.getBean("userService");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

@Test public void deleteTest(){
user.delete(7);
}

@Test public void updateTest(){
User user4=new User(6,"朱元璋","13894349843");
user.update(user4);
}

@Test public void findAllTest(){
List<User> user3=user.getAllUser();
for(User user:user3){
System.out.println("id:"+user.getId()+"  用户名："+user.getName()+"    电话号码："+user.getPhonenum());
}
}

@Test public void saveTest(){
Random rand=new Random();
for(int i=0;i<6;i++){
user.save(new User("贾"+i+"春","1568745"+(rand.nextInt(1000)+1000)));
}
}

@Test public void findTest(){
User user2=user.getUserById(2);
System.out.println("用户名："+user2.getName()+"    电话号码："+user2.getPhonenum());
}
}

附：需要导入的jar包

F:\开发库\commons\commons-logging-1.1.3.jar

F:\开发库\commons\commons-pool.jar

F:\开发库\commons\commons-dbcp-1.2.2-src\commons-dbcp-1.2.2.jar

F:\开发库\spring-framework-2.5.6\常用\spring.jar

F:\开发库\spring-framework-2.5.6\常用\spring-aop.jar

F:\开发库\spring-framework-2.5.6\常用\spring-context.jar

F:\开发库\spring-framework-2.5.6\常用\spring-core.jar

F:\开发库\spring-framework-2.5.6\常用\spring-jdbc.jar

F:\开发库\spring-framework-2.5.6\常用\spring-orm.jar

F:\开发库\spring-framework-2.5.6\常用\spring-web.jar

F:\开发库\spring-framework-2.5.6\常用\spring-webmvc.jar

F:\开发库\mysql-connector-java-5.1.18\mysql-connector-java-5.1.18-bin.jar

F:\开发库\spring-framework-2.5.6\spring-tx.jar