C#调用R软件：R(D)COM

在C#中怎样调用R软件呢。R软件不只是一种统计工具，它还是一种语言，就语法形式而言跟S语言非常相识。所以类似与数据库一样，在客户端不是就只能调用一些函数，而是可以用数据库提供的SQL语言编写出拥有灵活多变，满足各种需求的功能。R语言也一样，可以在客户端，用S语言编写程序，传送到R软件，R软件计算完成后将结果在传回C#

。既然需要来回传送，必然需要中间的桥梁，就像数据库需要驱动程序一样，在C#中调用R软件，需要安装R（D）COM，R（D）COM是一种DCOM组件，可以注册到Windows的组件服务中，供程序调用。如果用C#开发Web程序，由于ASP.NET是用ASPNET这个用户在执行，而这个用户的权限很低，所以如果要调用R（D）COM的服务的化，需要给ASPNET授予权限。

所有具体的操作，使用方法，可以参考：

http://www.codeproject.com/KB/cs/RtoCSharp.aspx

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1using System;

2using System.Configuration;

5namespace Common.Regression

6{

/**//// <summary>

/// IRegression 回归类接口

/// </summary>

public interface IRegression

{

double[,] Data

{

get;

set;

}

RegressionSummary Summary

{

get;

}

void DoRegression();

void ReleaseLock();

}

}

-------------------------------------------------------------------------

1using System;

2using STATCONNECTORSRVLib;

3using RServerManager;

4using System.Threading;

6namespace Common.Regression

7{

/**//// <summary>

/// BaseRegression 回归抽象基类

/// </summary>

public abstract class BaseRegression : IRegression

{

private static ServerPool mServerPool = null;

private ServerItem mServerItem = null;

private IStatConnector mStatConnector = null;

private static string mKey = "R";

private static string mClient = "this is client";

private static int mWaitTime = 50;

private static int mMaxLoop = 20;

private static int mMaxServerCount = 5;

private static int mServerCount = 0;

static BaseRegression()

{

if (mServerPool == null)

{

mServerPool = new ServerPool();

}

}

private double[,] mData;

public double[,] Data

{

get

{

return mData;

}

set

{

mData = value;

}

}

private RegressionSummary mSummary;

public RegressionSummary Summary

{

get

{

return mSummary;

}

set

{

mSummary = value;

}

}

/**//// <summary>

/// 执行回归函数

/// </summary>

public abstract void DoRegression();

/**//// <summary>

/// 得到执行R代码的连接

/// </summary>

/// <returns></returns>

protected IStatConnector GetStatConnector()

{

mServerItem = mServerPool.GetServerExclusive(mKey, mClient);

int count = 0;

while (mServerItem == null)

{

if (mServerCount < mMaxServerCount)

{

//当小于最小服务器数目时，增加连接

mStatConnector = new StatConnectorClass();

mStatConnector.Init(mKey);

mServerPool.Add(mStatConnector, mKey);

mServerCount++;

mServerItem = mServerPool.GetServerExclusive(mKey, mClient);

break;

}

if (count < mMaxLoop)

{

Thread.Sleep(mWaitTime);

count++;

mServerItem = mServerPool.GetServerExclusive(mKey, mClient);

}

else

{

return null;

}

}

mStatConnector = mServerItem.Server;

return mStatConnector;



}

/**//// <summary>

/// 释放锁定

/// </summary>

public void ReleaseLock()

{

if (mServerItem != null)

{

mServerItem.ReleaseLock();

}

}

public BaseRegression()

{

}

}

}

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1using System;

2using System.Data;

3using System.Configuration;

4using STATCONNECTORSRVLib;

6namespace Common.Regression

7{

/**//// <summary>

/// LogicRegression 利用Logistic模型进行回归

/// </summary>

public class LogisticRegression : BaseRegression

{

private IStatConnector mStatConnector;

public LogisticRegression()

{

mStatConnector = GetStatConnector();

}

public override void DoRegression()

{

if (Data == null)

{

return;

}



mStatConnector.SetSymbol("dd", Data);

mStatConnector.EvaluateNoReturn("Y <- dd[,1]");

mStatConnector.EvaluateNoReturn("X <- dd[,-1]");

mStatConnector.EvaluateNoReturn("gr<-glm(Y~X , family=binomial(logit))");

mStatConnector.EvaluateNoReturn("ss<-summary(gr)");

Summary = new RegressionSummary(mStatConnector);



}

}

}

在http://cran.r-project.org/可以下载R软件，选择Other，下载R_Scilab_DCOM3.0-1B5.exe，就是R（D）COM。

在安装了R(D)COM之后，假设安装目录为“D:\Program Files\(D)COM Server\bin“。在该目录下有RServerManager.exe，在VS2008/2010中通过Add
Reference->Browse，选择RServerManager.exe。添加以后，会增加RServerManager, ConnectorCommonLib,
STATCONNECTORSEVLib三个引用。可以通过VS2008的对象察看器看三个引用中的类和函数。

每次创建一个StatConnectorClass对象时，都会启动一个服务，用于处理一个连接对象所提交的请求，这个资源不会自己停止，所以需要一个类似于连接池的服务管理器。在R(D)COM中提供了两个类ServerPool和ServerItem来完成服务管理的功能。下面的类封装了该操作。
1using System;

2using STATCONNECTORSRVLib;

3using RServerManager;

4using System.Threading;

6namespace Common.Regression

7{

/**//// <summary>

/// BaseRegression 回归抽象基类

/// </summary>

public abstract class BaseRegression : IRegression

{

private static ServerPool mServerPool = null;

private ServerItem mServerItem = null;

private IStatConnector mStatConnector = null;

17 private static string mKey = "R";

private static string mClient = "this is client";

private static int mWaitTime = 50;

private static int mMaxLoop = 20;

private static int mMaxServerCount = 5;

private static int mServerCount = 0;

24 static BaseRegression()

{

if (mServerPool == null)

{

mServerPool = new ServerPool();

}

}

32 private double[,] mData;

public double[,] Data

{

get

{

return mData;

}

set

{

mData = value;

}

}

45 private RegressionSummary mSummary;

public RegressionSummary Summary

{

get

{

return mSummary;

}

set

{

mSummary = value;

}

}

58 /**//// <summary>

/// 执行回归函数

/// </summary>

public abstract void DoRegression();

63 /**//// <summary>

/// 得到执行R代码的连接

/// </summary>

/// <returns></returns>

protected IStatConnector GetStatConnector()

{

mServerItem = mServerPool.GetServerExclusive(mKey, mClient);

int count = 0;

while (mServerItem == null)

{

if (mServerCount < mMaxServerCount)

{

//当小于最小服务器数目时，增加连接

mStatConnector = new StatConnectorClass();

mStatConnector.Init(mKey);

mServerPool.Add(mStatConnector, mKey);

mServerCount++;

mServerItem = mServerPool.GetServerExclusive(mKey, mClient);

break;

}

if (count < mMaxLoop)

{

Thread.Sleep(mWaitTime);

count++;

mServerItem = mServerPool.GetServerExclusive(mKey, mClient);

}

else

{

return null;

}

}

95 mStatConnector = mServerItem.Server;

return mStatConnector;



}

100 /**//// <summary>

/// 释放锁定

/// </summary>

public void ReleaseLock()

{

if (mServerItem != null)

{

mServerItem.ReleaseLock();

}

}

public BaseRegression()

{

}

}

}

从BaseRegression继承的类将拥有可以被管理。

using System;

using System.Configuration;





namespace Common.Regression

{

/// <summary>

/// IRegression 回归类接口

/// </summary>

public interface IRegression

{

double[,] Data

{

get;

set;

}



RegressionSummary Summary

{

get;

}



void DoRegression();



void ReleaseLock();

}



}