c++ 模板学习笔记：函数模板的类型识别（权哥）

#include <iostream>
#include <typeinfo>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

template <typename T>
class Type{
public:
static string name(){return typeid(T).name();}
};
/*特化：特定某个类型*/
template <>
class Type<int>{
public:
static string name(){return "int";}
};
template <>
class Type<char>{
public:
static string name(){return "char";}
};
template <>
class Type<double>{
public:
static string name(){return "double";}
};
template <>
class Type<bool>{
public:
static string name(){return "bool";}
};
/*偏特化:指针类型*/
template<typename T>
class Type<T*>{
public:
static string name(){return Type<T>::name()+" pointer";}
};
/*模板函数，推测给定常量、变量（或表达式结果）的类型*/
template <typename T>
const string type(T t)
{
return Type<T>::name();
}

int main()
{
cout << type(123) << endl;
cout << type(45.6) << endl;
cout << type('x') << endl;
int a=10;
char b='k';
cout << type(a/1.0) << endl;
cout << type(a<b) << endl;
cout << type(&a) << endl;
return 0;
}
/*输出：
int
double
char
double
bool
int pointer
*/