解决Linux 下oracle 报错 Connected to an idle instance. Linux启动Oracle实例
2013-11-04 09:49
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启动数据库实例,分为两步:第一步,启动监听;第二步,启动数据库实例。
一、如何启动数据库实例
1.进入到sqlplus启动实例
[oracle@redhat ~]$ su - oracle --“切换到oracle用户”
Password:
[oracle@redhat ~]$ lsnrctl start --“打开监听”
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-OCT-2009 19:06:40
Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /home/oracle/product/10g/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /home/oracle/product/10g/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /home/oracle/product/10g/network/log/listener.log
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC2)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=redhat)(PORT=1522)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC2)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 14-OCT-2009 19:06:40
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /home/oracle/product/10g/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /home/oracle/product/10g/network/log/listener.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC2)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=redhat)(PORT=1522)))
Services Summary...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
[oracle@redhat ~]$ sqlplus /nolog --“进入到sqlplus”
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Oct 14 19:06:45 2009
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL> conn /as sysdba --“连接到sysdba”
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup --“启动数据库实例”
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 285212672 bytes
Fixed Size 1218968 bytes
Variable Size 88082024 bytes
Database Buffers 188743680 bytes
Redo Buffers 7168000 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> shutdown immediate --“关闭数据库实例”
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
[oracle@redhat ~]$ lsnrctl stop --“关闭监听”
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-OCT-2009 19:08:06
Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC2)))
The command completed successfully
2.用dbstart和dbshut启动和关闭数据库实例
先启动监听 lsnrctl start
启动实例 dbstart
使用dbstart命令启动数据库比较方便,但是在linux上安装好oracle之后,第一次使用dbstart命令可能会报如下错误:
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER is not SET, unable to auto-start Oracle Net Listener
Usage: /u01/app/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/dbstart ORACLE_HOME
原因:
dbstart和dbshut脚本文件中ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER的设置有问题,分别打开两个文件找到:用vi编辑dbstart,ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1,修改为
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME
然后保存退出,此时再运行dbstart,已经不报错了,但是没有任何反应,ps一下进程,没有oracle的进程,说明oracle实例没有正常启动。
此时的原因是在/etc/oratab的设置问题,我们vi一下,发现
zgz:/home/oracle/product/10g:N
最后设置的是"N"(我的环境中只有一个实例,因此只有一行配置语句),我们需要把“N”修改为“Y”。
以上的工作做好之后,dbstart就可以正常使用了:
[oracle@redhat bin]$ lsnrctl start --“启动监听”
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-OCT-2009 19:44:53
Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /home/oracle/product/10g/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /home/oracle/product/10g/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /home/oracle/product/10g/network/log/listener.log
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC2)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=redhat)(PORT=1522)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC2)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 14-OCT-2009 19:44:53
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /home/oracle/product/10g/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /home/oracle/product/10g/network/log/listener.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC2)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=redhat)(PORT=1522)))
Services Summary...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
[oracle@redhat bin]$ dbstart --“启动数据库实例”
Processing Database instance "zgz": log file /home/oracle/product/10g/startup.log
[oracle@redhat bin]$ dbshut --“关闭数据库实例”
[oracle@redhat bin]$ lsnrctl stop
一、如何启动数据库实例
1.进入到sqlplus启动实例
[oracle@redhat ~]$ su - oracle --“切换到oracle用户”
Password:
[oracle@redhat ~]$ lsnrctl start --“打开监听”
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-OCT-2009 19:06:40
Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /home/oracle/product/10g/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /home/oracle/product/10g/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /home/oracle/product/10g/network/log/listener.log
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC2)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=redhat)(PORT=1522)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC2)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 14-OCT-2009 19:06:40
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /home/oracle/product/10g/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /home/oracle/product/10g/network/log/listener.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC2)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=redhat)(PORT=1522)))
Services Summary...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
[oracle@redhat ~]$ sqlplus /nolog --“进入到sqlplus”
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Oct 14 19:06:45 2009
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL> conn /as sysdba --“连接到sysdba”
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup --“启动数据库实例”
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 285212672 bytes
Fixed Size 1218968 bytes
Variable Size 88082024 bytes
Database Buffers 188743680 bytes
Redo Buffers 7168000 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> shutdown immediate --“关闭数据库实例”
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
[oracle@redhat ~]$ lsnrctl stop --“关闭监听”
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-OCT-2009 19:08:06
Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC2)))
The command completed successfully
2.用dbstart和dbshut启动和关闭数据库实例
先启动监听 lsnrctl start
启动实例 dbstart
使用dbstart命令启动数据库比较方便,但是在linux上安装好oracle之后,第一次使用dbstart命令可能会报如下错误:
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER is not SET, unable to auto-start Oracle Net Listener
Usage: /u01/app/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/dbstart ORACLE_HOME
原因:
dbstart和dbshut脚本文件中ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER的设置有问题,分别打开两个文件找到:用vi编辑dbstart,ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1,修改为
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME
然后保存退出,此时再运行dbstart,已经不报错了,但是没有任何反应,ps一下进程,没有oracle的进程,说明oracle实例没有正常启动。
此时的原因是在/etc/oratab的设置问题,我们vi一下,发现
zgz:/home/oracle/product/10g:N
最后设置的是"N"(我的环境中只有一个实例,因此只有一行配置语句),我们需要把“N”修改为“Y”。
以上的工作做好之后,dbstart就可以正常使用了:
[oracle@redhat bin]$ lsnrctl start --“启动监听”
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-OCT-2009 19:44:53
Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /home/oracle/product/10g/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /home/oracle/product/10g/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /home/oracle/product/10g/network/log/listener.log
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC2)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=redhat)(PORT=1522)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC2)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 14-OCT-2009 19:44:53
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /home/oracle/product/10g/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /home/oracle/product/10g/network/log/listener.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC2)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=redhat)(PORT=1522)))
Services Summary...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
[oracle@redhat bin]$ dbstart --“启动数据库实例”
Processing Database instance "zgz": log file /home/oracle/product/10g/startup.log
[oracle@redhat bin]$ dbshut --“关闭数据库实例”
[oracle@redhat bin]$ lsnrctl stop
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