shell脚本之while和until

bash编程的循环：while和until

while 测试条件; do
语句1
语句2
...
done

Count=2

if [ $Count -le 5 ]; then

fi

while [ $Count -le 5 ]; do

let Count++
done

条件满足时就循环，直到条件不再满足，则退出循环；

for如何退出循环？遍历列表中的元素完成；
while循环呢？在循环体改变测试条件相应变量等的值。

补充：算术运算符
Sum=$[$Sum+$I]
Sum+=$I
+=
-=
*=
/=
%=

Sum=$[$Sum+1]
Sum+=1
let Sum++
let Count--

and --> AND
exit --> EXIT
quit

计算100以内所有正整数的和；
Sum=0
for I in {1..100}; do
Sum+=$I
done
echo $Sum

#!/bin/bash
Sum=0
Count=1

while [ $Count -le 100 ]; do
let Sum+=$Count
let Count++
done

echo $Sum

计算100以内所有偶数的和；
#!/bin/bash
#
EvenSum=0
Count=0

while [ $Count -le 100 ]; do
let Sum+=$Count
let Count+=2
done

while [ $Count -le 100 ]; do
if [ $[$Count%2] -eq 0 ]; then
Sum+=$Count
fi
let Count++
done

while循环遍历文件的每一行：
while read LINE; do
statement1
statement2
...
done < /path/to/somefile

练习：如果用户的ID号为偶数，则显示其名称和shell；对所有用户执行此操作；

while read LINE; do
Uid=`echo $LINE | cut -d: -f3`
if [ $[$Uid%2] -eq 0 ]; then
echo $LINE | cut -d: -f1,7
fi
done < /etc/passwd

练习：转换用户输入的字符为大写，除了quit（遇见quit退出）；

read -p "A string: " String

while [ "$String" != 'quit' ]; do
echo $String | tr 'a-z' 'A-Z'
read -p "Next [quit for quiting]: " String
done

until 测试条件; do
语句1
语句2
...
done

条件不满足就循环，直到满足时，退出循环；

例子：计算100以内所有正整数的和；
Sum=0
Count=1

until [ $Count -gt 100 ]; do
let Sum+=$Count
let Count++
done

echo $Sum

练习：转换用户输入的字符为大写，除了quit（遇见quit退出）；

read -p "A string: " String

until [ "$String" == 'quit' ]; do
echo $String | tr 'a-z' 'A-Z'
read -p "Next [quit for quiting]: " String
done

练习：每隔5秒查看hadoop用户是否登录，如果登录，显示其登录并退出；否则，显示当前时间，并说明hadoop尚未登录：

who | grep "^hadoop" &> /dev/null
RetVal=$?

until [ $RetVal -eq 0 ]; do
date
sleep 5
who | grep "^hadoop" &> /dev/null
RetVal=$?
done

echo "hadoop is here."

until who | grep "^hadoop" &> /dev/null; do
date
sleep 5
done

echo "hadoop is here."

who | grep "^hadoop" &> /dev/null
RetVal=$?

while [ $RetVal -ne 0 ]; do
date
sleep 5
who | grep "^hadoop" &> /dev/null
RetVal=$?
done

echo "hadoop is here."

练习：使用while循环统计/etc/rc.d/init.d/functions中#开头的行数；

let Count=0
declare -i Count=0

#!/bin/bash
Count=0
while read LINE ; do
if echo $LINE | grep "^[[:space:]]*#" &> /dev/null ; then
let Count++
fi
done < /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
echo -e "\n\ttotal $Count lines start with #.\n"

#!/bin/bash
#
Num=0
while read LINE; do
echo $LINE |grep "^#.*" &> /dev/null && let Num++
done < /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
echo "#Number: $Num"

计算100以内所有偶数的和以及奇数的和；在一个循环中实现；
要求：分别使用while和until各自独立实现。

#!/bin/bash
Evensum=0
Oddsum=0
Count=0
while [ $Count -le 100 ];do
if [ $[$Count%2] -eq 0 ];then
let Evensum+=$Count
else
let Oddsum+=$Count
fi
let Count++
done
echo "The Evensum is : $Evensum"
echo "The Oddsum is : $Oddsum"

#!/bin/bash
Evensum=0
Oddsum=0
Count=0
until [ $Count -gt 100 ]; do
if [ $[$Count%2] -eq 0 ];then
let Evensum+=$Count
else
let Oddsum+=$Count
fi
let Count++
done
echo "The Evensum is : $Evensum"
echo "The Oddsum is : $Oddsum"

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