Windows下安装Python + igraph （用于复杂网络分析）

最近在研究一个关于复杂网络的课题，由于所下载的文件都是gml格式，针对gml文件格式进行作出有点困难，在网上查资料发现igraph可以很好地进行处理。这里就把资料转载过来供大家参考。

来自两篇博客，原文网址如下：

http://www.cnblogs.com/luweiseu/archive/2011/09/25/2190210.html

http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-830776-651722.html

库功能：

Python interface to the igraph high performance graph library, primarily aimed at complex network research and analysis.

1.安装

下载地址

http://igraph.sourceforge.net/download.html

>>> import igraph.test
>>> igraph.test.test()

 

测试安装成功

2.Graph plotting in igraph on Windows

 
http://hal.elte.hu/~nepusz/development/igraph/tutorial/install.html 先安装pycairo
 

然后还有几个相关的dll，
http://alex.matan.ca/2009/11/21/cairo-integration-with-wxpython-installation-of-python-wxpython-pycairo-and-cairo-2-d-graphics-library-on-windows-xp/ 分别下载：libcairo-2.dll、libpng13.dll、zlib1.dll;然后复制到环境变量path中包含的路径中
3. launch Python again and check if it worked:

>>> from igraph import *
>>> g = Graph.Famous("petersen")
>>> plot(g)

直接读取GML文件代码：

>>> g = Graph.Read_GML("karate.gml")
>>> plot(g)

关于库文件的安装可以参考以下内容：

一、iGraph的安装

      igraph安装比较简单，直接在http://igraph.sourceforge.net/download.html下载python安装包即可。

 后来我开始画图，发现报错，报错如下：
  raise TypeError("plotting not available") 
  TypeError: plotting not available
在网络上搜索，找到如下解决方法，主要原因是igraph依赖的一个包没有装。安装方法如下
原文地址 http://chuanwang66.iteye.com/blog/1704942
Graph plotting in igraph on Windows：cairo和dll被安装到C:\Python25\Lib\site-packages\cairo中
Graph plotting in igraph is implemented using a third-party package called Cairo .
If you want to create publication-quality plots in igraph on Windows, you must also install Cairo and its Python bindings. The Cairo project does not provide pre-compiled binaries for Windows, but other projects depending on Cairo do, so the preferred
way to install Cairo on Windows along with its Python bindings is as follows:
Get the latest PyCairo for Windows installer fromhttp://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/binaries/win32/pycairo/1.8 .
Make sure you grab the one that matches your Python version. At the time of writing, the above folder contained installers for Python 2.6 only. You may also try and go one level up, then down then 1.4 subfolder – these are older versions, but they work with
Python 2.5 and Python 2.6 as well.
Install PyCairo using the installer .(我用的是pycairo-1.4.12-2.win32-py2.5.exe) The
installer extracts the necessary files into Lib\site-packages\cairo within the folder where Python is installed. Unfortunately there are some extra DLLs which are required to make Cairo work, so we have to get these as well.
Head to http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/binaries/win32/dependencies/ and
get the binary versions of Cairo (cairo_1.8.10-3_win32.zip at the time of writing), Fontconfig (fontconfig_2.8.0-2_win32.zip ), Freetype (freetype_2.4.4-1_win32.zip ), Expat (expat_2.0.1-1_win32.zip ), libpng (libpng_1.4.3-1_win32.zip )
and zlib (zlib_1.2.5-2_win32.zip ). Version numbers may vary, so be adaptive! Each ZIP file will contain a bin subfolder
with a DLL file in it. Put the following DLLs in Lib\site-packages\cairowithin your Python installation:
freetype6.dll (from freetype_2.4.4-1_win32.zip )
libcairo-2.dll (from cairo_1.8.10-3_win32.zip )
libexpat-1.dll (from expat_2.0.1-1_win32.zip )
libfontconfig-1.dll (from fontconfig_2.8.0-2_win32.zip )
libpng14-14.dll (from libpng_1.4.3-1_win32.zip )
zlib1.dll (from zlib_1.2.5-2_win32.zip ).

Having done that, you can launch Python again and check if it worked:

>>> from igraph import *
>>> g = Graph.Famous("petersen")
>>> plot(g) 

注意：在运行时，我遇到了如下错误，最后发现时没有将cairo的dll加入环境变量path

 

下面是解决这个问题时参考的文档：

文档代码  

    Hi, I have just installed igraph and I am having a problem with plotting.

I have followed the instructions on the documentation site http://www.cs.rhul.ac.uk/home/tamas/development/igraph/tutorial/install.html#graph-plotting-in-igraph-on-windows 
which includes installing pycairo, and putting the required dll files into
Python2.6\Lib\site-packages\cairo

igraph itself has installed properly, as running
>>> import igraph.test
>>> igraph.test.test()
gives no errors, and all tests work.

However, when I try to run
from igraph import *
g = Graph.Famous("petersen")
summary(g)
plot(g)

I get the following error:

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Documents and Settings\fulford\Desktop\netstuff\test1.py", line 4,
in <module>
plot(g)
File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\igraph\drawing.py", line 762, in plot
result = Plot(target, bbox)
File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\igraph\drawing.py", line 222, in __init__
self._surface_was_created=not isinstance(target, cairo.Surface)
File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\igraph\drawing.py", line 51, in
__getattr__
raise TypeError, "plotting not available"
TypeError: plotting not available

I also tried the following:
import cairo

but got the error:

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#2>", line 1, in <module>
import cairo
File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\cairo\__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
from _cairo import *
ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found.

I am fairly new to python, so am wondering if there is something else I needed
to do, like add something to my path variable so that the dll files are found?

Any help or suggestions anyone can give me would be much appreciated, sicve I
would very much like to use this software. .
Thanks Glenn.

PS platform details:

Platform: Windows XP
Python version 2.6 (32 bitr) (enthought python distribution 6.2)

Dr Glenn Fulford  +61 7 313 85196 QUT Mathematical Sciences,
GPO Box 2343 Brisbane, Qld AUSTRALIA 4001.     Cricos no. 00213J
email: address@hidden;
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Glenn,

It seems like the Python bindings of Cairo are not installed properly on
your machine -- igraph simply reports this when it says "plotting not
available".

I checked a working installation on Windows XP (32-bit) and the
following files should be present in
c:\python26\lib\site-packages\cairo:

__init__.py
_cairo.pyd
libcairo-2.dll
libexpat-1.dll
libfontconfig-1.dll
libpng14-14.dll
zlib1.dll

The error message you see means that Python finds __init__.py in the
cairo subfolder successfully, and it tries to import _cairo.pyd from
there. (.pyd files are like ordinary .dll files, Python just uses a
different extension to distinguish them from .dlls). Unfortunately the
import can fail for at least two reasons:

1) _cairo.pyd itself is missing
2) _cairo.pyd is there, but one of its dependencies is missing.

Unfortunately, the error message is the same in both cases. So, I'd do
the following:

1. Check whether all the files I mentioned above are in the
site-packages\cairo folder. If not, install them.

2. If they are all there, download Dependency Walker from
www.dependencywalker.com and open _cairo.pyd with it. Dependency Walker
should recursively traverse the dependency tree of _cairo.pyd and report
any other DLLs that you are missing.

--
Tamas
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Tamas,
thanks very much for your suggestions. I beleive I eventiually tracked down the
problem.

I found the following web page very useful. http://alex.matan.ca/install-cairo-wxpyton-pycairo-python-windows 
First thing it told me was to append c:\Python26\Lib\site-packages\cairo to my
path, which I hadn't done, but this didn't fix the problem.

I then reinstalled the dll files, this time from  the wxpythion site. Thiat
seemed to fix the problem. So not surre exactly which dll it was, but I can
compare themn if anyone is interested.

Glenn  

二、iGraph使用

 

     参考这里 http://www.cs.rhul.ac.uk/home/tamas/development/igraph/tutorial/tutorial.html