ORACLE模拟一个数据文件坏块并使用RMAN备份来恢复

1.创建一个实验用的表空间并在此表空间上创建表

create tablespace blocktest datafile '/u01/oradata/bys1/blocktest.dbf' size 1m;

col name for a40

select file#,name from v$datafile;

     FILE# NAME

---------- ----------------------------------------

         1 /u01/oradata/bys1/system01.dbf

         2 /u01/oradata/bys1/sysaux01.dbf

         3 /u01/oradata/bys1/undotbs01.dbf

         4 /u01/oradata/bys1/users01.dbf

         5 /u01/oradata/bys1/example01.dbf

         6 /u01/oradata/bys1/blocktest.dbf

BYS@bys1>create table test9 tablespace blocktest as select * from scott.emp;

Table created.

BYS@bys1>select count(*) from test9;

  COUNT(*)

----------

      14

2.使用RMAN对数据库进行备份，这里为了快速实验我只备份了准备制造坏块的数据文件。

[oracle@bys001 ~]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Fri Sep 13 13:28:36 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: BYS1 (DBID=3957527513)

RMAN> backup datafile 6;

Starting backup at 13-SEP-13

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00006 name=/u01/oradata/bys1/blocktest.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 13-SEP-13

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 13-SEP-13

piece handle=/u01/flash_recovery_area/BYS1/backupset/2013_09_13/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130913T150457_935g8s7w_.bkp tag=TAG20130913T150457 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 13-SEP-13

RMAN> list backupset 7;

List of Backup Sets

===================

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------

7       Full    1.02M      DISK        00:00:00     13-SEP-13      

        BP Key: 7   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20130913T150457

        Piece Name: /u01/flash_recovery_area/BYS1/backupset/2013_09_13/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130913T150457_935g8s7w_.bkp

  List of Datafiles in backup set 7

  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name

  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----

  6       Full 1910363    13-SEP-13 /u01/oradata/bys1/blocktest.dbf

3.模拟产生一个坏块：我这里使用了VI来删除数据文件中一些内容方法

[oracle@bys001 bys1]$ vi blocktest.dbf   打开后都是乱码，随便删除点中间的数据就可以，有时候 需要多次删除才会有坏块。我第一次实验一下就制造出坏块，后来都是通过多次才行。然后进入数据库查询建立在blocktest.表空间上的TEST9表，报错并给出了坏块的提示：文件号是6，坏块是10：

[oracle@bys001 bys1]$ sqlplus bys/bys

BYS@bys1>select * from test9;

select * from test9

              *

ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 6, block # 10)

ORA-01110: data file 6: '/u01/oradata/bys1/blocktest.dbf'

4.进入RMAN，修复坏块

《《《可选：--我未做

RMAN> backup validate datafile 6;      这条命令是对文件做一次校验，也可以发现坏块。

然后从SQLPLUS中查询：select  * from  v$database_block_corruption;

直接使用RMAN指定恢复的文件及BLOCK号》》》

执行以下 命令来修复坏块：

RMAN> blockrecover datafile 6 block 10 from backupset;

RMAN> exit

6.在SQLPLUS中查询表

BYS@bys1>select count(*) from test9;

  COUNT(*)

----------

      14