Struts2实现异步调用机制详细剖析（XML和JSON）
2013-08-26 22:09
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一、使用XML传递
1、页面展示getXML.jsp<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'getXML.jsp' starting page</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="scripts/jquery-1.4.4.js"></script>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
<script type="text/javascript">
function getInfo()
{
$.post("getXMLAction.action",
{
name: $("#name").val()//像后台getXMLAction.action中传递name值
},function(returnedData, status)
{
var id = $(returnedData).find("id").text();//使用find函数取得后台传递的XML信息
var name = $(returnedData).find("name").text();
var age = $(returnedData).find("age").text();
var address = $(returnedData).find("address").text();
var html = "<table width='60%' border='1' align='center'><tr><th>id</th><th>name</th><th>age</th><th>address</th><tr align='center'><td>" + id + "</td><td>" + name + "</td><td>" + age + "</td><td>" + address + "</td></tr></table>";
$("#theBody table:eq(0)").remove();//表示每次将table表格中的第一行清除掉，进行添加，显示为每次显示一条结果
$("#theBody").append(html);
});
}
</script>
</head>
<body id="theBody">
<select id="name">
<option value="zhangsan">zhangsan</option>
<option value="lisi">lisi</option>
</select>
<input type="button" value="get information" onclick="getInfo();">
</body>
</html>
2、配置struts
<action name="getXMLAction" class="com.shengsiyuan.action.xml.GetXMLAction">
</action>
3、bean对象Person.java
package com.shengsiyuan.action.xml;
public class People
{
private int id;
private String name;
private int age;
private String address;
public int getId()
{
return id;
}
public void setId(int id)
{
this.id = id;
}
public String getName()
{
return name;
}
public void setName(String name)
{
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge()
{
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age)
{
this.age = age;
}
public String getAddress()
{
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address)
{
this.address = address;
}
}
4、GetXMLAction.java用于处理请求和返回请求
package com.shengsiyuan.action.xml;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat;
import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class GetXMLAction extends ActionSupport
{
private String name;
public String getName()
{
return name;
}
public void setName(String name)
{
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public String execute() throws Exception
{
//zhang san
People people1 = new People();
people1.setId(1);
people1.setName("zhangsan");
people1.setAge(30);
people1.setAddress("beijing");
People people2 = new People();
people2.setId(2);
people2.setName("lisi");
people2.setAge(50);
people2.setAddress("tianjin");
Document document = DocumentHelper.createDocument();//dom4j中的document对象
Element rootElement = document.addElement("persons");//使用element来定义XML
rootElement.addComment("This is comment!!");
Element e = rootElement.addElement("person");//根元素为person
Element idElement = e.addElement("id");//子元素对应关系
Element nameElement = e.addElement("name");
Element ageElement = e.addElement("age");
Element addressElement = e.addElement("address");
if("zhangsan".equals(name))
{
idElement.setText(people1.getId() + "");
nameElement.setText(people1.getName());
ageElement.setText(people1.getAge() + "");
addressElement.setText(people1.getAddress());
}
else
{
idElement.setText(people2.getId() + "");
nameElement.setText(people2.getName());
ageElement.setText(people2.getAge() + "");
addressElement.setText(people2.getAddress());
}
HttpServletResponse response = ServletActionContext.getResponse();
response.setContentType("text/xml; charset=utf-8");
response.setHeader("cache-control", "no-cache");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
format.setEncoding("utf-8");
XMLWriter writer = new XMLWriter(out, format);
writer.write(document);
out.flush();
out.close();
return null;//返回空值，这里对应struts处无result对应的返回值
}
}
5、对应的XML输出信息
二、使用json异步获取信息
1、页面getJson.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'json.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
<script type="text/javascript" src="scripts/jquery-1.4.4.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function()
{
$("#button1").click(function()
{
$.post("getJsonAction2.action",{name: $("#name").val()},
function(returnedData, status)
{
var people = returnedData;
var id = people.id;
var name = people.name;
var age = people.age;
var address = people.address;
var html = "<table width='60%' border='1' align='center'><tr><th>id</th><th>name</th><th>age</th><th>address</th><tr align='center'><td>" + id + "</td><td>" + name + "</td><td>" + age + "</td><td>" + address + "</td></tr></table>";
$("#theBody table:eq(0)").remove();
$("#theBody").append(html);
});
});
});
</script>
</head>
<body id="theBody">
<select id="name">
<option value="zhangsan">zhangsan</option>
<option value="lisi">lisi</option>
</select>
<input type="button" value="get json content from server" id="button1">
</body>
</html>
2、struts控p制层
<action name="getJsonAction" class="com.shengsiyuan.action.json.GetJsonAction">
</action>
3、bean对象Person.java见使用XML获取后台信息
4、GetJsonAction.java处理信息的action
package com.shengsiyuan.action.json;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.shengsiyuan.action.xml.People;
public class GetJsonAction extends ActionSupport
{
private String name;
public String getName()
{
return name;
}
public void setName(String name)
{
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public String execute() throws Exception
{
People people = new People();
people.setId(1);
people.setName(name);
people.setAge(30);
people.setAddress("beijing");
Gson gson = new Gson();
String result = gson.toJson(people);
HttpServletResponse response = ServletActionContext.getResponse();
response.setContentType("application/json; charset=utf-8");
response.setHeader("cache-control", "no-cache");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.print(result);
out.flush();
out.close();
return null;
}
}
5、以下是Json打印出的json数据
三、使用struts插件获得json数据信息
此插件解压缩中对应xml文件信息如下：返回一个json的结果于对应的类进行过处理，而且还定义啦一个json拦截器
1、页面中和以上页面相同
2、struts配置
<package name="struts2_ajax" extends="json-default"><!-- 其中更改继承为json-default-->
<action name="getJsonAction2" class="com.shengsiyuan.action.json.GetJsonAction2">
<result name="success" type="json">
<param name="excludeProperties">address</param><!--这里表示你不想传递到页面的变量-->
</result>
</action>
</package>
3、GetJsonAction2.java处理信息的action
package com.shengsiyuan.action.json;
import org.apache.struts2.json.annotations.JSON;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class GetJsonAction2 extends ActionSupport
{
private String name;
private int id;
private int age;
private String address;
public String getName()
{
return name;
}
public void setName(String name)
{
this.name = name;
}
public int getId()
{
return id;
}
public void setId(int id)
{
this.id = id;
}
@JSON(name="myAge")//这里演示的是注解更改为我们想要的名字，那在页面中我们就要用myAge，可以不使用注解
public int getAge()
{
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age)
{
this.age = age;
}
public String getAddress()
{
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address)
{
this.address = address;
}
@Override
public String execute() throws Exception
{
this.id = 1;
this.age = 30;
this.address = "beijing";
return SUCCESS;//由于使用了struts插件我们这里返回success
}
}
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